Question 1

Which of the following is most likely to be the target of a T cell?

Accepted Answer

A) antibodies 
B) pathogens suspended in lymph 
C) bacteria circulating through blood 
D) virally infected self cells 
A) antibodies 
B) pathogens suspended in lymph 
C) bacteria circulating through blood 
D) virally infected self cells

Question 2

________ cells remain in our body after the initial exposure to a disease-causing organism, and they help the immune system recognize that particular organism during a second exposure.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ cells remain in our body after...

Question 3

Hormones often alter ________ by turning a certain gene or group of genes on or off.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Hormones often alter ________ by turning a...

Question 4

Match the chemical, cell, or tissue with the function it performs in the immune response.
-molecules secreted by immune cells for initiation and regulation of immune responses

Accepted Answer

A) macrophages 
B) mucous membranes 
C) cytokines 
D) B cells 
E) lymph nodes
F)platelets 
A) macrophages 
B) mucous membranes 
C) cytokines 
D) B cells 
E) lymph nodes
F)platelets

Question 5

Which of the following organs coordinate(s) communication between the endocrine system and the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A) the thyroid 
B) the pancreas 
C) the adrenal glands 
D) the hypothalamus 
A) the thyroid 
B) the pancreas 
C) the adrenal glands 
D) the hypothalamus

Question 6

How do B cells and T cells differ in their response to pathogens?

Accepted Answer

B lymphocytes (B cells) and T lymphocyte

Question 7

White blood cells of the innate immune response ________, whereas white blood cells of the adaptive immune response ________.

Accepted Answer

A) may function in inflammation; may secrete antibodies 
B) target infected self cells; induce tear production 
C) produce memory cells; stimulate fever 
D) differentiate into T cells; reduce blood pressure 
A) may function in inflammation; may secrete antibodies 
B) target infected self cells; induce tear production 
C) produce memory cells; stimulate fever 
D) differentiate into T cells; reduce blood pressure

Question 8

During a primary immune response,

Accepted Answer

A) antibodies are immediately made. 
B) nonspecific immunity may be of great benefit to the organism. 
C) the immune system has encountered the pathogen previously. 
D) the production of memory cells is blocked. 
A) antibodies are immediately made. 
B) nonspecific immunity may be of great benefit to the organism. 
C) the immune system has encountered the pathogen previously. 
D) the production of memory cells is blocked.

Question 9

Once a hormone enters the bloodstream, it

Accepted Answer

A) is usually broken down within minutes. 
B) remains active for months. 
C) is broken down after it has performed its function on the target cells. 
D) produces enzymes that affect target cells. 
A) is usually broken down within minutes. 
B) remains active for months. 
C) is broken down after it has performed its function on the target cells. 
D) produces enzymes that affect target cells.

Question 10

In the vertebrate immune response to a pathogen, which of the following would occur first?

Accepted Answer

A) inflammation 
B) external defenses 
C) fever 
D) adaptive immunity 
A) inflammation 
B) external defenses 
C) fever 
D) adaptive immunity

Question 11

Create a table that lists components of the immune system's first, second, and third lines of defense. You must list at least two examples in each column.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Create a table that lists components of...

Question 12

Why is it important that white blood cells are able to travel outside the human circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

A) To form a complement, white blood cells must leave the circulatory vessels. 
B) White blood cells are the antibodies that target parasites. 
C) Pathogens may be found in other areas of the body besides the circulatory vessels. 
D) White blood cells must leave the circulatory system in order to return red blood cells to the circulatory vessels. 
A) To form a complement, white blood cells must leave the circulatory vessels. 
B) White blood cells are the antibodies that target parasites. 
C) Pathogens may be found in other areas of the body besides the circulatory vessels. 
D) White blood cells must leave the circulatory system in order to return red blood cells to the circulatory vessels.

Question 13

In preparation for your Biology exam, you study endocrine signaling with a classmate. Your classmate suggests that all forms of signaling require receptors in order to affect target cells. Do you agree with your classmate? Explain why or why not.

Accepted Answer

Your classmate is correct, because all s

Question 14

Which of the following statements about memory cells is true?

Accepted Answer

A) They include B cells and T cells that remain in the body for long periods of time after the first exposure to a pathogen. 
B) They are macrophages that store copies of antibodies for decades. 
C) They make copies of T cells that remain active long after the primary response has ended. 
D) They become T cells during a secondary response to a pathogen. 
A) They include B cells and T cells that remain in the body for long periods of time after the first exposure to a pathogen. 
B) They are macrophages that store copies of antibodies for decades. 
C) They make copies of T cells that remain active long after the primary response has ended. 
D) They become T cells during a secondary response to a pathogen.

Question 15

How do phagocytes of the innate immune system differ in function from lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system?

Accepted Answer

Macrophages and neutrophils are phagocyt

Question 16

Which of the following statements accurately describes hormonal signaling, as depicted in this figure?

Accepted Answer

A) Endocrine cells take up hormones from target cells. 
B) Signaling molecules are released through ducts. 
C) Hormones may signal cells that are located a considerable distance away from them. 
D) All hormones are taken up through specialized cell surface receptors. 
A) Endocrine cells take up hormones from target cells. 
B) Signaling molecules are released through ducts. 
C) Hormones may signal cells that are located a considerable distance away from them. 
D) All hormones are taken up through specialized cell surface receptors.

Question 17

Match the chemical, cell, or tissue with the function it performs in the immune response.
-phagocytize pathogens during inflammation

Accepted Answer

A) macrophages 
B) mucous membranes 
C) cytokines 
D) B cells 
E) lymph nodes
F)platelets 
A) macrophages 
B) mucous membranes 
C) cytokines 
D) B cells 
E) lymph nodes
F)platelets

Question 18

Cell-mediated immunity is regulated by the activities of

Accepted Answer

A) antibodies. 
B) neutrophils. 
C) adrenaline. 
D) T cells. 
A) antibodies. 
B) neutrophils. 
C) adrenaline. 
D) T cells.

Question 19

In hormonal signaling, are target cells typically close to or far away from endocrine cells? Explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

Endocrine cells are often located a cons

Question 20

Which of the following prevents both blood loss and the invasion of pathogens in vertebrates?

Accepted Answer

A) the formation of blood clots 
B) phagocytosis 
C) humoral immunity 
D) cell-mediated immunity 
A) the formation of blood clots 
B) phagocytosis 
C) humoral immunity 
D) cell-mediated immunity

Exam 22: Endocrine and Immune Systems

Which of the following is most likely to be the target of a T cell?

________ cells remain in our body after the initial exposure to a disease-causing organism, and they help the immune system recognize that particular organism during a second exposure.

Hormones often alter ________ by turning a certain gene or group of genes on or off.

Match the chemical, cell, or tissue with the function it performs in the immune response. -molecules secreted by immune cells for initiation and regulation of immune responses

Which of the following organs coordinate(s) communication between the endocrine system and the nervous system?

How do B cells and T cells differ in their response to pathogens?

White blood cells of the innate immune response ________, whereas white blood cells of the adaptive immune response ________.

During a primary immune response,

Once a hormone enters the bloodstream, it

In the vertebrate immune response to a pathogen, which of the following would occur first?

Create a table that lists components of the immune system's first, second, and third lines of defense. You must list at least two examples in each column.

Why is it important that white blood cells are able to travel outside the human circulatory system?

In preparation for your Biology exam, you study endocrine signaling with a classmate. Your classmate suggests that all forms of signaling require receptors in order to affect target cells. Do you agree with your classmate? Explain why or why not.

Which of the following statements about memory cells is true?

How do phagocytes of the innate immune system differ in function from lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system?

Which of the following statements accurately describes hormonal signaling, as depicted in this figure?

Match the chemical, cell, or tissue with the function it performs in the immune response. -phagocytize pathogens during inflammation

Cell-mediated immunity is regulated by the activities of

In hormonal signaling, are target cells typically close to or far away from endocrine cells? Explain your answer.

Which of the following prevents both blood loss and the invasion of pathogens in vertebrates?

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