Question 1

The sequence of DNA differs among individuals within a species. This is the basis for

Accepted Answer

A) mutation. 
B) protein structure. 
C) base pairing. 
D) variations in phenotypes. 
A) mutation. 
B) protein structure. 
C) base pairing. 
D) variations in phenotypes. D

Question 2

Put the following in order from smallest to largest.
-This is the smallest in size.

Accepted Answer

A) gene 
B) base 
C) nucleotide 
D) genome 
E) base pair 
A) gene 
B) base 
C) nucleotide 
D) genome 
E) base pair B

Question 3

Put the following in order from smallest to largest.
-This is the largest.

Accepted Answer

A) gene 
B) base 
C) nucleotide 
D) genome 
E) base pair 
A) gene 
B) base 
C) nucleotide 
D) genome 
E) base pair D

Question 4

The hereditary genetic material present in all living cells is

Accepted Answer

A) carbohydrate. 
B) protein. 
C) DNA. 
D) RNA. 
A) carbohydrate. 
B) protein. 
C) DNA. 
D) RNA.

Question 5

DNA replication

Accepted Answer

A) involves the copying of only the parts of a chromosome that encode protein. 
B) occurs before mitosis in the cell cycle. 
C) is constantly occurring in all the cells in your body. 
D) converts the double helix to two single helices. 
A) involves the copying of only the parts of a chromosome that encode protein. 
B) occurs before mitosis in the cell cycle. 
C) is constantly occurring in all the cells in your body. 
D) converts the double helix to two single helices.

Question 6

Being in the sun for short stretches of time is not as likely to cause mutations as is being in the sun for long stretches of time. Explain why longer exposure to UV is more likely to cause mutations.

Accepted Answer

Being in the sun for too long

Question 7

Put the following in order from smallest to largest.
-This is the next larger.

Accepted Answer

A) gene 
B) base 
C) nucleotide 
D) genome 
E) base pair 
A) gene 
B) base 
C) nucleotide 
D) genome 
E) base pair

Question 8

A scientist identifies a new cell with a single chromosome that is able to do gene transfer.

Accepted Answer

A) This cell will likely be classified as a eukaryotic cell. 
B) This cell will likely be classified as a prokaryotic cell. 
C) This cell cannot be classified as either prokaryotic or eukaryotic. 
D) This cell will likely be classified as both prokaryotic and eukaryotic. 
A) This cell will likely be classified as a eukaryotic cell. 
B) This cell will likely be classified as a prokaryotic cell. 
C) This cell cannot be classified as either prokaryotic or eukaryotic. 
D) This cell will likely be classified as both prokaryotic and eukaryotic.

Question 9

Along one side of a DNA molecule, the nucleotides are connected to each other by

Accepted Answer

A) covalent bonds between phosphate groups and sugar molecules. 
B) hydrogen bonds between adenine and guanine. 
C) covalent bonds between bases and sugar molecules. 
D) hydrogen bonds between adjacent sugar molecules. 
A) covalent bonds between phosphate groups and sugar molecules. 
B) hydrogen bonds between adenine and guanine. 
C) covalent bonds between bases and sugar molecules. 
D) hydrogen bonds between adjacent sugar molecules.

Question 10

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used to

Accepted Answer

A) produce many copies of a selected DNA sequence. 
B) insert DNA from one organism into a new host. 
C) screen for a particular gene. 
D) deliver DNA products into a human patient. 
A) produce many copies of a selected DNA sequence. 
B) insert DNA from one organism into a new host. 
C) screen for a particular gene. 
D) deliver DNA products into a human patient.

Question 11

Which of the following does NOT correctly state a difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA organization?

Accepted Answer

A) Prokaryotic DNA groups genes with related functions together, whereas eukaryotic DNA does not. 
B) Prokaryotic DNA has few noncoding regions, unlike eukaryotic DNA. 
C) Eukaryotic DNA is usually arranged more simply than prokaryotic DNA. 
D) Eukaryotic genomes contain more genes than prokaryotic genomes. 
A) Prokaryotic DNA groups genes with related functions together, whereas eukaryotic DNA does not. 
B) Prokaryotic DNA has few noncoding regions, unlike eukaryotic DNA. 
C) Eukaryotic DNA is usually arranged more simply than prokaryotic DNA. 
D) Eukaryotic genomes contain more genes than prokaryotic genomes.

Question 12

Which of the following is not a base found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) thymine 
B) adenine 
C) guanine 
D) uracil 
A) thymine 
B) adenine 
C) guanine 
D) uracil

Question 13

When a cell divides, it

Accepted Answer

A) breaks down its DNA. 
B) deletes old genetic information. 
C) copies information from neighboring cells. 
D) copies its own genetic information. 
A) breaks down its DNA. 
B) deletes old genetic information. 
C) copies information from neighboring cells. 
D) copies its own genetic information.

Question 14

The following figure shows the first cycle in polymerase chain reaction (PCR). What is the role of the structure marked "P" in this figure?

Accepted Answer

A) The "P" represents the heat-tolerant DNA polymerase used in PCR to copy the gene of interest. 
B) The "P" represents a sequence of DNA complementary to parts of the gene being amplified that allows DNA polymerase to attach to the gene. 
C) The "P" indicates where on the DNA that DNA polymerase should terminate replication. 
D) The "P" indicates the location of the promoter for the gene being amplified. 
A) The "P" represents the heat-tolerant DNA polymerase used in PCR to copy the gene of interest. 
B) The "P" represents a sequence of DNA complementary to parts of the gene being amplified that allows DNA polymerase to attach to the gene. 
C) The "P" indicates where on the DNA that DNA polymerase should terminate replication. 
D) The "P" indicates the location of the promoter for the gene being amplified.

Question 15

A chemical that disrupts hydrogen bonds is added to a test tube containing DNA. What would be the result of this reaction?

Accepted Answer

The individual strands of DNA

Question 16

Which of the following is true of eukaryotic genomes?

Accepted Answer

A) They consist of a single chromosome. 
B) Most of the DNA codes for proteins. 
C) Genes are organized by function. 
D) The DNA is in the nucleus of the cell. 
A) They consist of a single chromosome. 
B) Most of the DNA codes for proteins. 
C) Genes are organized by function. 
D) The DNA is in the nucleus of the cell.

Question 17

In a strand of double-stranded DNA, C will always be bound with

Accepted Answer

A)  a. 
B) T. 
C) C. 
D) G. 
A)  a. 
B) T. 
C) C. 
D) G.

Question 18

A chemical is found that binds to a replicating strand of DNA but does not allow the next nucleotide to bind to the growing chain. Explain how this chemical would affect cell division.

Accepted Answer

This chemical would

Question 19

Animal genes are not turned on and off as one unit because they are not ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Animal genes are not turned on and...

Question 20

A permanent change in the DNA base sequence due to an uncorrected mismatch error is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) mutation. 
B) replication. 
C) repair protein. 
D) insertion. 
A) mutation. 
B) replication. 
C) repair protein. 
D) insertion.

Exam 8: What Genes Are

The sequence of DNA differs among individuals within a species. This is the basis for

Put the following in order from smallest to largest. -This is the smallest in size.

Put the following in order from smallest to largest. -This is the largest.

The hereditary genetic material present in all living cells is

DNA replication

Being in the sun for short stretches of time is not as likely to cause mutations as is being in the sun for long stretches of time. Explain why longer exposure to UV is more likely to cause mutations.

Put the following in order from smallest to largest. -This is the next larger.

A scientist identifies a new cell with a single chromosome that is able to do gene transfer.

Along one side of a DNA molecule, the nucleotides are connected to each other by

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used to

Which of the following does NOT correctly state a difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA organization?

Which of the following is not a base found in DNA?

When a cell divides, it

The following figure shows the first cycle in polymerase chain reaction (PCR). What is the role of the structure marked "P" in this figure?

A chemical that disrupts hydrogen bonds is added to a test tube containing DNA. What would be the result of this reaction?

Which of the following is true of eukaryotic genomes?

In a strand of double-stranded DNA, C will always be bound with

A chemical is found that binds to a replicating strand of DNA but does not allow the next nucleotide to bind to the growing chain. Explain how this chemical would affect cell division.

Animal genes are not turned on and off as one unit because they are not ________.

A permanent change in the DNA base sequence due to an uncorrected mismatch error is called a(n)

The Nature of Science

Chemistry of Life

Life Is Cellular

How Cells Work

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

How Genes Work

Evidence for Evolution

Mechanisms of Evolution

Adaptation and Species

The History of Life

Human Evolution

General Principles of Ecology

Growth of Populations

Communities of Organisms

Ecosystems

Homeostasis, Reproduction, and Development

Digestive, Muscular, and Skeletal Systems

Circulatory, Respiratory, Urinary, and Nervous Systems

Endocrine and Immune Systems

Plant Physiology

Applying the Science

Filters