Question 1

Evidence indicates that archaic Homo sapiens gave rise to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) modern humans and Homo neanderthalensis 
B) modern humans and Homo habilis 
C) Homo habilis and Homo neanderthalensis 
D) Homo rudolfensis and Homo neanderthalensis 
A) modern humans and Homo neanderthalensis 
B) modern humans and Homo habilis 
C) Homo habilis and Homo neanderthalensis 
D) Homo rudolfensis and Homo neanderthalensis A

Question 2

Which of the following is the strongest evidence that suggests Homo sapiens may have intermingled with other species such as H. heidelbergensis and H. neanderthalensis?

Accepted Answer

A) Fossils from all or some of these Homo species dating to the same time period and found in overlapping geographic areas, showing phenotypes intermediate to at least two of the other species as well as evidence of DNA shared between the species would suggest that they may have intermingled with each other. 
B) Fossils from all or some of these Homo species dating to the same time period and found in overlapping geographic areas would suggest that they may have intermingled with each other. 
C) Fossils from all or some of these Homo species found in overlapping geographic areas as well as evidence of DNA shared between the species would suggest that they may have intermingled with each other. 
D) Evidence of DNA shared between the species would suggest that they may have intermingled with each other. 
A) Fossils from all or some of these Homo species dating to the same time period and found in overlapping geographic areas, showing phenotypes intermediate to at least two of the other species as well as evidence of DNA shared between the species would suggest that they may have intermingled with each other. 
B) Fossils from all or some of these Homo species dating to the same time period and found in overlapping geographic areas would suggest that they may have intermingled with each other. 
C) Fossils from all or some of these Homo species found in overlapping geographic areas as well as evidence of DNA shared between the species would suggest that they may have intermingled with each other. 
D) Evidence of DNA shared between the species would suggest that they may have intermingled with each other. A

Question 3

All primates have opposable thumbs. This means the thumbs

Accepted Answer

A) can be touched together. 
B) can be touched to each of the other fingers on the opposite hand. 
C) can be touched to each of the other fingers on the same hand. 
D) can be touched to each of the toes on both feet. 
A) can be touched together. 
B) can be touched to each of the other fingers on the opposite hand. 
C) can be touched to each of the other fingers on the same hand. 
D) can be touched to each of the toes on both feet. C

Question 4

All of your mitochondrial DNA was inherited from your ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of All of your mitochondrial DNA was inherited...

Question 5

Match the following levels of human classification with the appropriate levels of the Linnaean hierarchy.
-Family

Accepted Answer

A) Homo 
B) Primates 
C) Chordata 
D) Homo sapiens 
E) Mammalia
F)Animalia
G)Hominidae 
A) Homo 
B) Primates 
C) Chordata 
D) Homo sapiens 
E) Mammalia
F)Animalia
G)Hominidae

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of bipedalism in hominins?

Accepted Answer

A) The hands would be free to carry food, tools, and weapons. 
B) Standing on two feet elevates the head making it easier to see over obstacles and to see farther allowing earlier detection of predators. 
C) Walking on two feet requires fewer muscle groups and less energy than walking on all fours. 
D) Standing on two feet makes it easier to climb trees. 
A) The hands would be free to carry food, tools, and weapons. 
B) Standing on two feet elevates the head making it easier to see over obstacles and to see farther allowing earlier detection of predators. 
C) Walking on two feet requires fewer muscle groups and less energy than walking on all fours. 
D) Standing on two feet makes it easier to climb trees.

Question 7

When researchers determined that the jawbone of an Italian Neanderthal dating to around 43-45 tya showed the presence of an intermediate chin and mitochondrial Neanderthal DNA, they hypothesized that the jawbone belonged to an individual who was the product of a mating between a modern human and a Neanderthal. Which of the following lines of evidence would also support this hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A) The fossil would have both Neanderthal and Homo sapiens genomic DNA. 
B) The fossil would have only Neanderthal mitochondrial and genomic DNA. 
C) The fossil would have only Neanderthal genomic DNA. 
D) The fossil would have both Neanderthal and Homo habilis genomic DNA. 
A) The fossil would have both Neanderthal and Homo sapiens genomic DNA. 
B) The fossil would have only Neanderthal mitochondrial and genomic DNA. 
C) The fossil would have only Neanderthal genomic DNA. 
D) The fossil would have both Neanderthal and Homo habilis genomic DNA.

Question 8

When researchers found a fossilized jawbone from a late (about 43-45 tya) Italian Neanderthal, they noted that the shape of the jawbone suggested the individual had an intermediate chin instead of no chin like most Neanderthals. This would provide evidence supporting which of the following hypotheses?

Accepted Answer

A) Modern Homo sapiens and Homo neanderthalensis successfully bred with each other while both were present on the Italian peninsula of Europe. 
B) Homo habilis and Homo neanderthalensis successfully bred with each other while both were present on the Italian peninsula of Europe. 
C) Home habilis and Homo neanderthalensis successfully bred with each other while both were present in central Africa. 
D) Modern Homo sapiens and Homo neanderthalensis successfully bred with each other while both were present in central Africa. 
A) Modern Homo sapiens and Homo neanderthalensis successfully bred with each other while both were present on the Italian peninsula of Europe. 
B) Homo habilis and Homo neanderthalensis successfully bred with each other while both were present on the Italian peninsula of Europe. 
C) Home habilis and Homo neanderthalensis successfully bred with each other while both were present in central Africa. 
D) Modern Homo sapiens and Homo neanderthalensis successfully bred with each other while both were present in central Africa.

Question 9

The development of upright posture in hominins is likely

Accepted Answer

A) an adaptation for living on the ground instead of in the trees. 
B) an adaptation for living on land instead of on the water. 
C) an adaptation for no longer needing to carry tools. 
D) an adaptation for having no functional knees. 
A) an adaptation for living on the ground instead of in the trees. 
B) an adaptation for living on land instead of on the water. 
C) an adaptation for no longer needing to carry tools. 
D) an adaptation for having no functional knees.

Question 10

Match the following levels of human classification with the appropriate levels of the Linnaean hierarchy.
-Species

Accepted Answer

A) Homo 
B) Primates 
C) Chordata 
D) Homo sapiens 
E) Mammalia
F)Animalia
G)Hominidae 
A) Homo 
B) Primates 
C) Chordata 
D) Homo sapiens 
E) Mammalia
F)Animalia
G)Hominidae

Question 11

In 2010, Dr. Svante Pääbo published research indicating that all modern ethnic groups, other than Africans, carry traces of Neanderthal DNA in their nuclear genomes. His earlier work indicated no overlap between Neanderthal mitochondrial DNA and that of Homo sapiens. Which of the following is NOT a likely possible hypothesis that could be supported by this information?

Accepted Answer

A) The shared nuclear DNA could be a remnant of DNA from a common ancestor shared by Neanderthals and Homo sapiens. 
B) The shared nuclear DNA could be the result of interbreeding between male Neanderthals and female Homo sapiens. 
C) The shared nuclear DNA could be a remnant of DNA from Homo erectus, one of the most recent species since Australopithecus. 
D) The shared nuclear DNA is definitely the result of interbreeding between female Neanderthals and male humans. 
A) The shared nuclear DNA could be a remnant of DNA from a common ancestor shared by Neanderthals and Homo sapiens. 
B) The shared nuclear DNA could be the result of interbreeding between male Neanderthals and female Homo sapiens. 
C) The shared nuclear DNA could be a remnant of DNA from Homo erectus, one of the most recent species since Australopithecus. 
D) The shared nuclear DNA is definitely the result of interbreeding between female Neanderthals and male humans.

Question 12

Match the following levels of human classification with the appropriate levels of the Linnaean hierarchy.
-Kingdom

Accepted Answer

A) Homo 
B) Primates 
C) Chordata 
D) Homo sapiens 
E) Mammalia
F)Animalia
G)Hominidae 
A) Homo 
B) Primates 
C) Chordata 
D) Homo sapiens 
E) Mammalia
F)Animalia
G)Hominidae

Question 13

Which of the following anatomical changes was NOT likely a contributor to the development of full bipedalism in hominins?

Accepted Answer

A) restructuring of the pelvis 
B) loss of opposable big toes 
C) a change in the angle of knee joints that support body weight 
D) having no arch in the foot 
A) restructuring of the pelvis 
B) loss of opposable big toes 
C) a change in the angle of knee joints that support body weight 
D) having no arch in the foot

Question 14

Which of the following traits was likely deleterious for early hominins?

Accepted Answer

A) a large brain compared to body size 
B) bipedal walking 
C) a pronounced arch and heel in the foot 
D) an opposable big toe in the foot 
A) a large brain compared to body size 
B) bipedal walking 
C) a pronounced arch and heel in the foot 
D) an opposable big toe in the foot

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a feature of hominins that distinguishes them from other hominids?

Accepted Answer

A) bipedal walking 
B) upright posture 
C) opposable big toe 
D) a relatively flat face 
A) bipedal walking 
B) upright posture 
C) opposable big toe 
D) a relatively flat face

Question 16

Sperm provide

Accepted Answer

A) both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA to the offspring cell. 
B) only nuclear DNA to the offspring cell. 
C) only mitochondrial DNA to the offspring cell. 
D) no DNA to the offspring cell. 
A) both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA to the offspring cell. 
B) only nuclear DNA to the offspring cell. 
C) only mitochondrial DNA to the offspring cell. 
D) no DNA to the offspring cell.

Question 17

You are relaxing on the veranda of your beachfront rental on the Gulf of Mexico when you notice a small (about 5 inches long), green quadruped clinging to the ceiling. As it begins to run down the wall, you catch it and notice that it is covered with dry scales, has a long tail, and specialized toe pads that allow it to stick to surfaces. This animal most likely belongs to which class?

Accepted Answer

A) Mammalia 
B) Amphibia 
C) Reptilia 
D) Osteichthyes 
A) Mammalia 
B) Amphibia 
C) Reptilia 
D) Osteichthyes

Question 18

Is it possible for Homo sapiens and Neanderthals to be related even if humans are not the direct descendants of Neanderthals?

Accepted Answer

A) No, because this would mean there is no connection at all between humans and Neanderthals. 
B) No, because the evolution of humans is clearly linear. 
C) Yes, but only because humans and Neanderthals commonly interbred. 
D) Yes, because humans and Neanderthals share a common ancestor. 
A) No, because this would mean there is no connection at all between humans and Neanderthals. 
B) No, because the evolution of humans is clearly linear. 
C) Yes, but only because humans and Neanderthals commonly interbred. 
D) Yes, because humans and Neanderthals share a common ancestor.

Question 19

In light of the "out-of-Africa" hypothesis, which of the following is a parsimonious reason why species like Homo neanderthalensis, Homo floresinensis, and Homo erectus do not exist today?

Accepted Answer

A) Modern Homo sapiens out-competed and replaced other hominin species as they migrated around the world. 
B) Extensive gene flow between human populations led to a blending of traits that resulted in the evolution of Homo sapiens. 
C) As modern Homo sapiens developed new and more accurate hunting skills they were able to hunt other hominin species to extinction. 
D) Climate change in Africa caused the extinction of all hominin populations except for the ones that gave rise to modern Homo sapiens. 
A) Modern Homo sapiens out-competed and replaced other hominin species as they migrated around the world. 
B) Extensive gene flow between human populations led to a blending of traits that resulted in the evolution of Homo sapiens. 
C) As modern Homo sapiens developed new and more accurate hunting skills they were able to hunt other hominin species to extinction. 
D) Climate change in Africa caused the extinction of all hominin populations except for the ones that gave rise to modern Homo sapiens.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the source of your nuclear DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) All of my nuclear DNA was inherited from my mother. 
B) All of my nuclear DNA was inherited from my father. 
C) Half of my nuclear DNA was inherited from my mother and half from my father. 
D) Seventy-five percent of my nuclear DNA was inherited from my father and 25 percent from my mother. 
A) All of my nuclear DNA was inherited from my mother. 
B) All of my nuclear DNA was inherited from my father. 
C) Half of my nuclear DNA was inherited from my mother and half from my father. 
D) Seventy-five percent of my nuclear DNA was inherited from my father and 25 percent from my mother.

Evidence indicates that archaic Homo sapiens gave rise to which of the following?

Which of the following is the strongest evidence that suggests Homo sapiens may have intermingled with other species such as H. heidelbergensis and H. neanderthalensis?

All primates have opposable thumbs. This means the thumbs

All of your mitochondrial DNA was inherited from your ________.

Match the following levels of human classification with the appropriate levels of the Linnaean hierarchy. -Family

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of bipedalism in hominins?

The development of upright posture in hominins is likely

Match the following levels of human classification with the appropriate levels of the Linnaean hierarchy. -Species

Match the following levels of human classification with the appropriate levels of the Linnaean hierarchy. -Kingdom

Which of the following anatomical changes was NOT likely a contributor to the development of full bipedalism in hominins?

Which of the following traits was likely deleterious for early hominins?

Which of the following is NOT a feature of hominins that distinguishes them from other hominids?

Sperm provide

Is it possible for Homo sapiens and Neanderthals to be related even if humans are not the direct descendants of Neanderthals?

In light of the "out-of-Africa" hypothesis, which of the following is a parsimonious reason why species like Homo neanderthalensis, Homo floresinensis, and Homo erectus do not exist today?

Which of the following best describes the source of your nuclear DNA?

The Nature of Science

Chemistry of Life

Life Is Cellular

How Cells Work

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

What Genes Are

How Genes Work

Evidence for Evolution

Mechanisms of Evolution

Adaptation and Species

The History of Life

General Principles of Ecology

Growth of Populations

Communities of Organisms

Ecosystems

Homeostasis, Reproduction, and Development

Digestive, Muscular, and Skeletal Systems

Circulatory, Respiratory, Urinary, and Nervous Systems

Endocrine and Immune Systems

Plant Physiology

Applying the Science

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Exam 14: Human Evolution

Evidence indicates that archaic Homo sapiens gave rise to which of the following?

Which of the following is the strongest evidence that suggests Homo sapiens may have intermingled with other species such as H. heidelbergensis and H. neanderthalensis?

All primates have opposable thumbs. This means the thumbs

All of your mitochondrial DNA was inherited from your ________.

Match the following levels of human classification with the appropriate levels of the Linnaean hierarchy. -Family

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of bipedalism in hominins?

The development of upright posture in hominins is likely

Match the following levels of human classification with the appropriate levels of the Linnaean hierarchy. -Species

Match the following levels of human classification with the appropriate levels of the Linnaean hierarchy. -Kingdom

Which of the following anatomical changes was NOT likely a contributor to the development of full bipedalism in hominins?

Which of the following traits was likely deleterious for early hominins?

Which of the following is NOT a feature of hominins that distinguishes them from other hominids?

Sperm provide

Is it possible for Homo sapiens and Neanderthals to be related even if humans are not the direct descendants of Neanderthals?

In light of the "out-of-Africa" hypothesis, which of the following is a parsimonious reason why species like Homo neanderthalensis, Homo floresinensis, and Homo erectus do not exist today?

Which of the following best describes the source of your nuclear DNA?

The Nature of Science

Chemistry of Life

Life Is Cellular

How Cells Work

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

What Genes Are

How Genes Work

Evidence for Evolution

Mechanisms of Evolution

Adaptation and Species

The History of Life

General Principles of Ecology

Growth of Populations

Communities of Organisms

Ecosystems

Homeostasis, Reproduction, and Development

Digestive, Muscular, and Skeletal Systems

Circulatory, Respiratory, Urinary, and Nervous Systems

Endocrine and Immune Systems

Plant Physiology

Applying the Science

Filters