Question 1

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) Different species of hominins never coexisted on Earth. 
B) Hominin evolutionary trees can be made clearer by analyzing available DNA. 
C) There is evidence that various populations of hominins interbred. 
D) Fossil evidence indicates that as many as five different species of hominins existed one to two million years ago. 
A) Different species of hominins never coexisted on Earth. 
B) Hominin evolutionary trees can be made clearer by analyzing available DNA. 
C) There is evidence that various populations of hominins interbred. 
D) Fossil evidence indicates that as many as five different species of hominins existed one to two million years ago.

Question 2

Fossil evidence indicates that the first members of the genus Homo arose approximately ________ years ago.

Accepted Answer

A) 2 million 
B) 200,000 
C) 500,000 
D) 1 million 
A) 2 million 
B) 200,000 
C) 500,000 
D) 1 million

Question 3

Which of the following categories of the Linnaean hierarchy would include the broadest range of related organisms?

Accepted Answer

A) species 
B) phylum 
C) family 
D) genus 
A) species 
B) phylum 
C) family 
D) genus

Question 4

When a group of organisms like Homo erectus expands to take on new ecological roles forming new species of hominins who are able to live in a broad range of new environments, that group is said to have undergone ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a group of organisms like Homo...

Question 5

Which of the following groupings of animals are most closely related to each other?

Accepted Answer

A) starfish, butterflies, lizards 
B) frogs, goldfish, birds 
C) bats, kangaroos, elephants 
D) lemurs, chimps, humans 
A) starfish, butterflies, lizards 
B) frogs, goldfish, birds 
C) bats, kangaroos, elephants 
D) lemurs, chimps, humans

Question 6

The fossil of a male hominin is discovered, and it appears to share traits with both humans and Neanderthals. What could mitochondrial-DNA sequencing and whole-genome DNA sequencing tell you about the fossil's parents?

Accepted Answer

Finding a significant amount of human mi

Question 7

Would a hominin evolutionary tree look thin and spindly or full and bushy?

Accepted Answer

A) The hominin evolutionary tree would look full and bushy because it would have started about 6 mya with multiple branched branches throughout the millennia. 
B) The hominin evolutionary tree would look thin and spindly because it started about 6 mya and followed a straight linear progression from Sahalenthropus tchadensis to Homo sapiens. 
C) The hominin evolutionary tree would look full and bushy because is started only 2 mya and has many branches between Homo habilis to Homo sapiens. 
D) The hominin evolutionary tree would look thin and spindly because it started only 2 mya and followed a straight linear progression from Homo rudolfensis to Homo sapiens. 
A) The hominin evolutionary tree would look full and bushy because it would have started about 6 mya with multiple branched branches throughout the millennia. 
B) The hominin evolutionary tree would look thin and spindly because it started about 6 mya and followed a straight linear progression from Sahalenthropus tchadensis to Homo sapiens. 
C) The hominin evolutionary tree would look full and bushy because is started only 2 mya and has many branches between Homo habilis to Homo sapiens. 
D) The hominin evolutionary tree would look thin and spindly because it started only 2 mya and followed a straight linear progression from Homo rudolfensis to Homo sapiens.

Question 8

Examine the following Hominin evolutionary tree. Which of the following genera are most closely related?

Accepted Answer

A) Ardipithecus and Homo 
B) Australopithecus and Homo 
C) Sahalenthropus and Homo 
D) Orrorin and Homo 
A) Ardipithecus and Homo 
B) Australopithecus and Homo 
C) Sahalenthropus and Homo 
D) Orrorin and Homo

Question 9

If evidence indicates that Homo erectus and Homo habilis used stone tools and may have been able to use fire, which of the following is also likely?

Accepted Answer

A) Homo heidelbergensis and Homo neanderthalensis also used stone tools and probably used fire. 
B) Orrorin tugenensis and Ardipithecus kadabba not only used stone tools, they also made fire. 
C) Australopithecus anamensis and Australopithecus afarensis definitely used stone tools and could make fire. 
D) Sahalenthropus tchadensis and Ardipithecus ramidus used stone tools and could make fire. 
A) Homo heidelbergensis and Homo neanderthalensis also used stone tools and probably used fire. 
B) Orrorin tugenensis and Ardipithecus kadabba not only used stone tools, they also made fire. 
C) Australopithecus anamensis and Australopithecus afarensis definitely used stone tools and could make fire. 
D) Sahalenthropus tchadensis and Ardipithecus ramidus used stone tools and could make fire.

Question 10

You are evaluating DNA from a fossil and hypothesize that the mother was a Neanderthal and the father was a human. Which of the following would support your hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A) Finding discernable amounts of mitochondrial and nuclear Neanderthal DNA along with nuclear human DNA would support the hypothesis. 
B) Finding discernable amounts of nuclear Neanderthal and human DNA but no mitochondrial Neanderthal DNA would support the hypothesis. 
C) Finding significant amounts of human mitochondrial and nuclear DNA along with some uclear Neanderthal DNA would support the hypothesis. 
D) Finding all of the nuclear DNA to be Neanderthal and all of the mitochondrial DNA to be human would support the hypothesis. 
A) Finding discernable amounts of mitochondrial and nuclear Neanderthal DNA along with nuclear human DNA would support the hypothesis. 
B) Finding discernable amounts of nuclear Neanderthal and human DNA but no mitochondrial Neanderthal DNA would support the hypothesis. 
C) Finding significant amounts of human mitochondrial and nuclear DNA along with some uclear Neanderthal DNA would support the hypothesis. 
D) Finding all of the nuclear DNA to be Neanderthal and all of the mitochondrial DNA to be human would support the hypothesis.

Question 11

You are camping in the south central United States when one evening you happen across an animal with several "armored" plates covering its back and shoulders. The plates are bony and separated by thin bands of flexible skin. The belly of this short-legged quadruped is covered with skin and soft fur. You also notice four young ones scurrying along with the adult. This animal most likely belongs to which class?

Accepted Answer

A) Mammalia 
B) Amphibia 
C) Reptilia 
D) Osteichthyes 
A) Mammalia 
B) Amphibia 
C) Reptilia 
D) Osteichthyes

Question 12

The correct two-word Latin, scientific name, for modern humans is

Accepted Answer

A) Homo sapiens. 
B) Homo neanderthalensis. 
C) homo sapiens. 
D) homo neanderthalensis. 
A) Homo sapiens. 
B) Homo neanderthalensis. 
C) homo sapiens. 
D) homo neanderthalensis.

Question 13

How is mitochondrial DNA inherited?

Accepted Answer

A) All mitochondrial DNA is inherited from the mother. 
B) Fifty percent of mitochondrial DNA is inherited from the mother and 50 percent from the father. 
C) All mitochondrial DNA is inherited from the father. 
D) Only 75 percent of mitochondrial DNA is inherited from the father, the other 25 percent is inherited from the mother. 
A) All mitochondrial DNA is inherited from the mother. 
B) Fifty percent of mitochondrial DNA is inherited from the mother and 50 percent from the father. 
C) All mitochondrial DNA is inherited from the father. 
D) Only 75 percent of mitochondrial DNA is inherited from the father, the other 25 percent is inherited from the mother.

Question 14

Match the following levels of human classification with the appropriate levels of the Linnaean hierarchy.
-Genus

Accepted Answer

A) Homo 
B) Primates 
C) Chordata 
D) Homo sapiens 
E) Mammalia
F)Animalia
G)Hominidae 
A) Homo 
B) Primates 
C) Chordata 
D) Homo sapiens 
E) Mammalia
F)Animalia
G)Hominidae

Question 15

Members of the "human" branch of the ape family, including modern humans as well as our extinct relatives, are properly referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Members of the "human" branch of the...

Question 16

Match the following levels of human classification with the appropriate levels of the Linnaean hierarchy.
-Order

Accepted Answer

A) Homo 
B) Primates 
C) Chordata 
D) Homo sapiens 
E) Mammalia
F)Animalia
G)Hominidae 
A) Homo 
B) Primates 
C) Chordata 
D) Homo sapiens 
E) Mammalia
F)Animalia
G)Hominidae

Question 17

If your mitochondrial DNA was sequenced and compared to the sequence of mitochondrial DNA isolated from your mother's paternal grandmother (the mother of your mom's dad) would you expect to see a significant match to yours and why?

Accepted Answer

A) No, there would not be a significant match because my mitochondrial DNA was inherited from my mom who inherited it from her mom. 
B) No, there would not be a significant match because my mitochondrial DNA was inherited from my dad who inherited it from his mom. 
C) Yes, there would be a significant match because I inherited my mitochondrial DNA from my dad who inherited it from his mom. 
D) Yes, there would be a significant match because I inherited my mitochondrial DNA from my mom who inherited from her dad. 
A) No, there would not be a significant match because my mitochondrial DNA was inherited from my mom who inherited it from her mom. 
B) No, there would not be a significant match because my mitochondrial DNA was inherited from my dad who inherited it from his mom. 
C) Yes, there would be a significant match because I inherited my mitochondrial DNA from my dad who inherited it from his mom. 
D) Yes, there would be a significant match because I inherited my mitochondrial DNA from my mom who inherited from her dad.

Question 18

Fossil evidence from around the world indicates that anatomically modern humans first evolved in Africa about 195,000-200,000 years ago from a population of archaic Homo sapiens and then successfully migrated to and inhabited almost all continents by 13,000 years ago. During literally tens of thousands of years, modern humans lived alongside other ________ populations, eventually replacing them.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fossil evidence from around the world indicates...

Question 19

How is nuclear DNA inherited?

Accepted Answer

A) All nuclear DNA is inherited from the father's ancestral line. 
B) Seventy-five percent of nuclear DNA is inherited from the mother's ancestral line and 25 percent from the father's ancestral line. 
C) All nuclear DNA is inherited from the mother's ancestral line. 
D) Fifty percent of nuclear DNA is inherited from the mother's ancestral line and 50 percent from the father's ancestral line. 
A) All nuclear DNA is inherited from the father's ancestral line. 
B) Seventy-five percent of nuclear DNA is inherited from the mother's ancestral line and 25 percent from the father's ancestral line. 
C) All nuclear DNA is inherited from the mother's ancestral line. 
D) Fifty percent of nuclear DNA is inherited from the mother's ancestral line and 50 percent from the father's ancestral line.

Question 20

The phylum Chordata includes several subgroups of organisms. To which of these subgroups would humans belong?

Accepted Answer

A) vertebrates 
B) cephalochordates 
C) urochordates 
D) monotremes 
A) vertebrates 
B) cephalochordates 
C) urochordates 
D) monotremes

Exam 14: Human Evolution

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Fossil evidence indicates that the first members of the genus Homo arose approximately ________ years ago.

Which of the following categories of the Linnaean hierarchy would include the broadest range of related organisms?

When a group of organisms like Homo erectus expands to take on new ecological roles forming new species of hominins who are able to live in a broad range of new environments, that group is said to have undergone ________.

Which of the following groupings of animals are most closely related to each other?

The fossil of a male hominin is discovered, and it appears to share traits with both humans and Neanderthals. What could mitochondrial-DNA sequencing and whole-genome DNA sequencing tell you about the fossil's parents?

Would a hominin evolutionary tree look thin and spindly or full and bushy?

Examine the following Hominin evolutionary tree. Which of the following genera are most closely related?

If evidence indicates that Homo erectus and Homo habilis used stone tools and may have been able to use fire, which of the following is also likely?

You are evaluating DNA from a fossil and hypothesize that the mother was a Neanderthal and the father was a human. Which of the following would support your hypothesis?

The correct two-word Latin, scientific name, for modern humans is

How is mitochondrial DNA inherited?

Match the following levels of human classification with the appropriate levels of the Linnaean hierarchy. -Genus

Members of the "human" branch of the ape family, including modern humans as well as our extinct relatives, are properly referred to as ________.

Match the following levels of human classification with the appropriate levels of the Linnaean hierarchy. -Order

If your mitochondrial DNA was sequenced and compared to the sequence of mitochondrial DNA isolated from your mother's paternal grandmother (the mother of your mom's dad) would you expect to see a significant match to yours and why?

How is nuclear DNA inherited?

The phylum Chordata includes several subgroups of organisms. To which of these subgroups would humans belong?

The Nature of Science

Chemistry of Life

Life Is Cellular

How Cells Work

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

What Genes Are

How Genes Work

Evidence for Evolution

Mechanisms of Evolution

Adaptation and Species

The History of Life

General Principles of Ecology

Growth of Populations

Communities of Organisms

Ecosystems

Homeostasis, Reproduction, and Development

Digestive, Muscular, and Skeletal Systems

Circulatory, Respiratory, Urinary, and Nervous Systems

Endocrine and Immune Systems

Plant Physiology

Applying the Science

Filters