Question 1

The ________ of a neuron contain(s) all of the structures, such as a nucleus, that are common to animal cells.

Accepted Answer

A) dendrites. 
B) axons. 
C) synapses. 
D) cell body. 
A) dendrites. 
B) axons. 
C) synapses. 
D) cell body. D

Question 2

The breaking open of alveoli in people who have emphysema decreases their rate of gas exchange because

Accepted Answer

A) there is a decrease in the distance between the air they breathe in and their blood. 
B) there is less pressure in the lungs to force the oxygen to dissolve in their blood. 
C) the concentration of oxygen in their lungs becomes much greater than the concentration of oxygen in their blood. 
D) their lungs have less surface area available for diffusion. 
A) there is a decrease in the distance between the air they breathe in and their blood. 
B) there is less pressure in the lungs to force the oxygen to dissolve in their blood. 
C) the concentration of oxygen in their lungs becomes much greater than the concentration of oxygen in their blood. 
D) their lungs have less surface area available for diffusion. D

Question 3

When the ________ of the heart contracts, blood is pumped into the systemic circuit.

Accepted Answer

left ventricle

Question 4

Which of the following sequences correctly describes the pathway that a signal travels in a neuron?

Accepted Answer

A) cell body to axon to dendrite 
B) axon to dendrite to cell body 
C) dendrite to axon to cell body 
D) dendrite to cell body to axon 
A) cell body to axon to dendrite 
B) axon to dendrite to cell body 
C) dendrite to axon to cell body 
D) dendrite to cell body to axon

Question 5

As you are driving to school one morning, the driver in front of you suddenly slams on his brakes and turns right without using his turning signal. Despite the potentially irritating situation, you remain calm because your ________ helped you control your emotions.

Accepted Answer

A) cerebrum 
B) thalamus 
C) limbic system 
D) reticular formation 
A) cerebrum 
B) thalamus 
C) limbic system 
D) reticular formation

Question 6

Large blood vessels that return deoxygenated blood from the legs to the heart are

Accepted Answer

A) veins. 
B) capillaries. 
C) arteries. 
D) arteries and capillaries. 
A) veins. 
B) capillaries. 
C) arteries. 
D) arteries and capillaries.

Question 7

If you were to step on a nail with your right foot, which of the following things would NOT happen?

Accepted Answer

A) Sensory input from your right foot would be processed in your central nervous system. 
B) Motor output would travel to both of your legs; your right foot would be raised and your left leg would stiffen to prevent you from falling over. 
C) Motor output from your right leg would be interpreted by your brain as sensory input. 
D) The thalamus would filter and sort the sensory input that is entering your brain. 
A) Sensory input from your right foot would be processed in your central nervous system. 
B) Motor output would travel to both of your legs; your right foot would be raised and your left leg would stiffen to prevent you from falling over. 
C) Motor output from your right leg would be interpreted by your brain as sensory input. 
D) The thalamus would filter and sort the sensory input that is entering your brain.

Question 8

Match each receptor type to the sensory experience described below.
-mechanoreceptors

Accepted Answer

A) You get into the bathtub and realize the water is moderately cold. 
B) You are cleaning your bathroom with undiluted bleach, which causes a burning sensation in your nose. 
C) You are eating dinner and enjoying both the taste and smell of your meal. 
D) You wake up in the morning and enjoy the sight of a beautiful sunrise. 
E) You hear thunder during a storm. 
A) You get into the bathtub and realize the water is moderately cold. 
B) You are cleaning your bathroom with undiluted bleach, which causes a burning sensation in your nose. 
C) You are eating dinner and enjoying both the taste and smell of your meal. 
D) You wake up in the morning and enjoy the sight of a beautiful sunrise. 
E) You hear thunder during a storm.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) The PNS may stimulate muscles. 
B) The PNS may integrate and process information. 
C) The PNS may inhibit endocrine cells. 
D) The PNS may stimulate organs. 
A) The PNS may stimulate muscles. 
B) The PNS may integrate and process information. 
C) The PNS may inhibit endocrine cells. 
D) The PNS may stimulate organs.

Question 10

When eating dessert, you notice the sweetness of sugar when ________ are stimulated.

Accepted Answer

A) chemoreceptors 
B) photoreceptors 
C) thermoreceptors 
D) mechanoreceptors 
A) chemoreceptors 
B) photoreceptors 
C) thermoreceptors 
D) mechanoreceptors

Question 11

The force of blood pushing against the walls of blood vessels is called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The force of blood pushing against the...

Question 12

When blood arrives at an alveolus,

Accepted Answer

A) the concentration of oxygen is lower in the alveolus than in the blood. 
B) the concentration of carbon dioxide is higher in the alveolus than in the blood. 
C) the concentration of carbon dioxide is higher in the blood than in the alveolus. 
D) the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood is equal to the concentration of oxygen in the alveolus. 
A) the concentration of oxygen is lower in the alveolus than in the blood. 
B) the concentration of carbon dioxide is higher in the alveolus than in the blood. 
C) the concentration of carbon dioxide is higher in the blood than in the alveolus. 
D) the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood is equal to the concentration of oxygen in the alveolus.

Question 13

Why do humans rely on a circulatory system to distribute oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A) Diffusion does not occur in organisms that have more than about 300 cells. 
B) Humans do not need as much oxygen as small organisms do, so we use inefficient transport systems like the circulatory system rather than diffusion. 
C) Humans need an internal transport system in order to quickly replace oxygen that is lost because of our high surface area of skin. 
D) Diffusion is very slow over all but the shortest distances, so oxygen must be delivered to our cells to speed up the process. 
A) Diffusion does not occur in organisms that have more than about 300 cells. 
B) Humans do not need as much oxygen as small organisms do, so we use inefficient transport systems like the circulatory system rather than diffusion. 
C) Humans need an internal transport system in order to quickly replace oxygen that is lost because of our high surface area of skin. 
D) Diffusion is very slow over all but the shortest distances, so oxygen must be delivered to our cells to speed up the process.

Question 14

Which of the following things happens during inhalation?

Accepted Answer

A) Oxygen-rich air enters the alveoli. 
B) Lung volume decreases. 
C) Pressure in the lungs remains constant. 
D) The diaphragm relaxes. 
A) Oxygen-rich air enters the alveoli. 
B) Lung volume decreases. 
C) Pressure in the lungs remains constant. 
D) The diaphragm relaxes.

Question 15

Which of the following does NOT facilitate exchange of materials by diffusion?

Accepted Answer

A) cells lying within 0.03 millimeters of blood vessels 
B) a large surface area within alveoli 
C) the presence of the extracellular matrix within connective tissue 
D) thin, porous walls in capillaries 
A) cells lying within 0.03 millimeters of blood vessels 
B) a large surface area within alveoli 
C) the presence of the extracellular matrix within connective tissue 
D) thin, porous walls in capillaries

Question 16

Trace the pathway of air from the nose to the site of gas exchange in the lungs.

Accepted Answer

Air flows from the nasal cavit

Question 17

Which of the following processes is NOT a function of nephrons?

Accepted Answer

A) filtration of plasma 
B) reabsorption of water 
C) secretion of some toxins 
D) diffusion of oxygen into body cells 
A) filtration of plasma 
B) reabsorption of water 
C) secretion of some toxins 
D) diffusion of oxygen into body cells

Question 18

For a human to inhale, the rib muscles and the diaphragm must

Accepted Answer

A) contract, decreasing pressure inside the lungs. 
B) relax, increasing pressure inside the lungs. 
C) contract, increasing pressure inside the lungs. 
D) relax, decreasing pressure inside the lungs. 
A) contract, decreasing pressure inside the lungs. 
B) relax, increasing pressure inside the lungs. 
C) contract, increasing pressure inside the lungs. 
D) relax, decreasing pressure inside the lungs.

Question 19

Sensory neurons that contain specialized membrane channels activated by moderate temperatures are

Accepted Answer

A) thermoreceptors. 
B) chemoreceptors. 
C) pain receptors. 
D) electroreceptors. 
A) thermoreceptors. 
B) chemoreceptors. 
C) pain receptors. 
D) electroreceptors.

Question 20

The figure shown indicates the ________ of a neuron.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The figure shown indicates the ________ of...

Exam 21: Circulatory, Respiratory, Urinary, and Nervous Systems

The ________ of a neuron contain(s) all of the structures, such as a nucleus, that are common to animal cells.

The breaking open of alveoli in people who have emphysema decreases their rate of gas exchange because

When the ________ of the heart contracts, blood is pumped into the systemic circuit.

Which of the following sequences correctly describes the pathway that a signal travels in a neuron?

As you are driving to school one morning, the driver in front of you suddenly slams on his brakes and turns right without using his turning signal. Despite the potentially irritating situation, you remain calm because your ________ helped you control your emotions.

Large blood vessels that return deoxygenated blood from the legs to the heart are

If you were to step on a nail with your right foot, which of the following things would NOT happen?

Match each receptor type to the sensory experience described below. -mechanoreceptors

Which of the following statements about the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is NOT true?

When eating dessert, you notice the sweetness of sugar when ________ are stimulated.

The force of blood pushing against the walls of blood vessels is called ________.

When blood arrives at an alveolus,

Why do humans rely on a circulatory system to distribute oxygen?

Which of the following things happens during inhalation?

Which of the following does NOT facilitate exchange of materials by diffusion?

Trace the pathway of air from the nose to the site of gas exchange in the lungs.

Which of the following processes is NOT a function of nephrons?

For a human to inhale, the rib muscles and the diaphragm must

Sensory neurons that contain specialized membrane channels activated by moderate temperatures are

The figure shown indicates the ________ of a neuron.

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