Exam 21: Circulatory, Respiratory, Urinary, and Nervous Systems

People who experience chronic pain might argue that they would be better off without pain receptors. Explain why it is important for humans to have pain receptors.

As you take this exam, which part of your brain is helping you decide which answer is correct?

The city of Neuron has a chain of command with an elected chief of police who initiates actions by sending commands to the captain. The captain receives commands from the chief of police and then passes orders on to three lieutenants. Which figure(s) in this metaphor best represent(s) a neuron? Explain your reasoning.

The figure shown indicates a(n)

The pulmonary ________ carries ________ blood from the heart to the lungs.

Shortages of iron in our diet can cause iron deficiency anemia, a condition that reduces the amount of hemoglobin in red blood cells. Iron deficiency anemia is a potentially serious condition that is characterized primarily by

Valuable solutes, such as sugar and small proteins, that enter a nephron are ________ by capillaries.

The majority of carbon dioxide is carried in the blood component called ________.

List the path for blood flow through the heart, lungs, and body, beginning and ending in the heart chamber that receives oxygen-poor blood returning from the body. Your answer should include the specific heart chambers, the lungs, and the body.

Explain how oxygen is transported within blood.

Another name for the "pacemaker" of the heart is the

At high altitudes, gases are less concentrated. You might gasp for air, because

If you were to compare the filtrate that is leaving the glomerulus to urine that is exiting the body, you would find that some substances - such as hydrogen ions and toxins - are more concentrated in the urine. Which of the following statements explains this process?

You accidentally rest your hand on a hot stove. This sensory information will ultimately be relayed to the appropriate part of your brain by the

Match each receptor type to the sensory experience described below. -chemoreceptors

Match each receptor type to the sensory experience described below. -thermoreceptors

A newborn is diagnosed shortly after birth with a rare heart defect that prevented the valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle from fully forming. Which of the following would be an expected outcome of this defect?

In cystic fibrosis, parts of the respiratory tract can become clogged with mucus, inhibiting gas exchange. The area(s) of the respiratory tract where gases are directly exchanged is/are the

Which of the following is a characteristic of an organ used for gas exchange?

Blood pressure in the glomerulus is normally higher than blood pressure approaching a nephron. What would happen if the normally high blood pressure in the glomerulus decreased?