Exam 8: What Genes Are

In the first step of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the two strands of the DNA being amplified must be separated by exposing the DNA to high ________.

Once replication in a DNA molecule is complete, each new DNA molecule contains

When bases of DNA bind to the complementary strand

People with xeroderma pigmentosum frequently exhibit skin cancer. The disease is a result of a mutation in a gene that produces a ________ protein. Without this protein, cells cannot fix changes in their DNA sequence caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light.

Which of the following must occur for a mismatch error to be repaired?

Which of the following will NOT generally cause mutations?

When examining the two complementary strands of nucleotides in one DNA molecule, you would expect to find that

A scientist uses polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to compare the sequence of a disease and a healthy gene. The scientist finds that these two genes are identical except for one G in place of a T at position 256 in the gene. This type of mutation is a(n)

How many phosphate groups are present in a single strand of DNA?

When studying genomes of organisms, scientists often will only list the sequence of a single strand. Explain why the sequence of the second strand would be unnecessary information.

The adenine bases in a DNA molecule are radioactively labeled. The DNA is then placed in a solution containing unlabeled nucleotides and the enzymes needed for DNA replication. The DNA molecule is allowed to replicate twice, forming four new DNA molecules. You would find the radioactively labeled adenine in

The difference between the different alleles of a gene is

A segment of DNA in a test tube replicates and produces many copies of itself. What was probably in the test tube that enhanced this process?

When looking at a single-stranded piece of DNA,

If one strand of DNA has the sequence CGATT, the sequence of the other strand of the same molecule will be

Mismatch errors are

The enzyme that copies DNA is called ________.

The following figure illustrates DNA undergoing replication. The region indicated by the arrow in this image represents a

Is a species that lacks DNA repair mechanisms likely to have more or fewer variations between individuals than a species that possesses repair mechanisms?

A strand of DNA has the sequence GCAATTCG. The sequence of the complementary strand is ________.