Question 1

The _____ surrounds and cradles the fetus, cushioning it with fluids.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​amniotic sac 
B)  ​cervix 
C)  ​placenta 
D)  ​blastocyst 
E)  ​umbilical cord 
A)  ​amniotic sac 
B)  ​cervix 
C)  ​placenta 
D)  ​blastocyst 
E)  ​umbilical cord

Question 2

What are some benefits of physical activity during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​It improves the overall fitness of the fetus. 
B)  ​It prevents or manages type 1 diabetes. 
C)  ​It prevents early onset vitamin D deficiency. 
D)  ​It may result in fewer discomforts during pregnancy. 
E)  ​It promotes an earlier delivery. 
A)  ​It improves the overall fitness of the fetus. 
B)  ​It prevents or manages type 1 diabetes. 
C)  ​It prevents early onset vitamin D deficiency. 
D)  ​It may result in fewer discomforts during pregnancy. 
E)  ​It promotes an earlier delivery.

Question 3

The developing infant from 8 weeks after conception until its birth is called a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​fetus 
B)  ​embryo 
C)  ​ovum 
D)  blastocyst 
E)  ​lanugo 
A)  ​fetus 
B)  ​embryo 
C)  ​ovum 
D)  blastocyst 
E)  ​lanugo

Question 4

A pregnant woman's daily energy needs increase by _____ kcalories in the first trimester, ____ kcalories in the second trimester, and _____ kcalories in the third trimester.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​0; 340; 450 
B)  ​100; 300; 500 
C)  ​50; 140; 250 
D)  ​0; 300; 600 
E)  ​25; 200; 400 
A)  ​0; 340; 450 
B)  ​100; 300; 500 
C)  ​50; 140; 250 
D)  ​0; 300; 600 
E)  ​25; 200; 400

Question 5

Which nutrients are typically found in greater quantities in prenatal supplements compared to regular vitamin/mineral supplements?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​sodium, potassium, chloride 
B)  ​thiamin, niacin, riboflavin 
C)  ​folate, iron, calcium 
D)  ​folate, vitamin B₁₂, vitamin A 
E)  ​folate, calcium, magnesium 
A)  ​sodium, potassium, chloride 
B)  ​thiamin, niacin, riboflavin 
C)  ​folate, iron, calcium 
D)  ​folate, vitamin B₁₂, vitamin A 
E)  ​folate, calcium, magnesium

Question 6

In which year was infant mortality the highest?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​1915 
B)  ​1960 
C)  ​1980 
D)  2010 
E)  2020 
A)  ​1915 
B)  ​1960 
C)  ​1980 
D)  2010 
E)  2020

Question 7

Describe the effects of smoking, alcohol consumption, and excessive caffeine consumption on the growth and development of the fetus.

Accepted Answer

constituents of cigarette smoke, such as

Question 8

Breastfeeding should not being until one month following birth.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Matching
-anencephaly

Accepted Answer

A) an organ in the uterus through which the fetus receives nutrients and oxygen 
B) a serious central nervous system birth defect that often results in lifelong disability or death 
C) in pregnant women, high blood pressure that is present and documented before pregnancy 
D) one of the most common types of neural tube defects; characterized by the incomplete closure of the spinal cord and its bony encasement 
E) the presence of abnormal glucose tolerance during pregnancy
F)a condition characterized by hypertension and protein in the urine
G)a severe complication during pregnancy in which seizures occur
H)the female reproductive cell, capable of developing into a new organism upon fertilization; commonly referred to as an egg
I)a serious foodborne infection that can cause severe brain infection or death in a fetus or newborn
J)a spectrum of physical, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities caused by prenatal alcohol exposure
K)the product of the union of ovum and sperm; a fertilized ovum.
L)the developmental stage of the embryo when it is about five days old and ready for implantation
M)an uncommon and always fatal type of neural tube defect; characterized by the absence of a brain
N)the stage of development in which the blastocyst embeds itself into the wall of the uterus and begins to develop
O)high blood pressure that develops in the second half of pregnancy and usually resolves after childbirth
P)the cluster of symptoms seen in an infant or child whose mother consumed excessive alcohol during her pregnancy
Q)the womb, the muscular organ within which the infant develops before birth
R)the combination of exhaled smoke (mainstream smoke) and smoke from lighted cigarettes, pipes, or cigars (sidestream smoke) that enters the air and may be inhaled by other people 
A) an organ in the uterus through which the fetus receives nutrients and oxygen 
B) a serious central nervous system birth defect that often results in lifelong disability or death 
C) in pregnant women, high blood pressure that is present and documented before pregnancy 
D) one of the most common types of neural tube defects; characterized by the incomplete closure of the spinal cord and its bony encasement 
E) the presence of abnormal glucose tolerance during pregnancy
F)a condition characterized by hypertension and protein in the urine
G)a severe complication during pregnancy in which seizures occur
H)the female reproductive cell, capable of developing into a new organism upon fertilization; commonly referred to as an egg
I)a serious foodborne infection that can cause severe brain infection or death in a fetus or newborn
J)a spectrum of physical, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities caused by prenatal alcohol exposure
K)the product of the union of ovum and sperm; a fertilized ovum.
L)the developmental stage of the embryo when it is about five days old and ready for implantation
M)an uncommon and always fatal type of neural tube defect; characterized by the absence of a brain
N)the stage of development in which the blastocyst embeds itself into the wall of the uterus and begins to develop
O)high blood pressure that develops in the second half of pregnancy and usually resolves after childbirth
P)the cluster of symptoms seen in an infant or child whose mother consumed excessive alcohol during her pregnancy
Q)the womb, the muscular organ within which the infant develops before birth
R)the combination of exhaled smoke (mainstream smoke) and smoke from lighted cigarettes, pipes, or cigars (sidestream smoke) that enters the air and may be inhaled by other people

Question 10

Research suggests that low-birthweight babies may experience _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​a higher adult IQ 
B)  ​much better eyesight 
C)  ​tall stature 
D)  ​greater risk of heart disease and hypertension 
E)  ​greater risk of psychological problems 
A)  ​a higher adult IQ 
B)  ​much better eyesight 
C)  ​tall stature 
D)  ​greater risk of heart disease and hypertension 
E)  ​greater risk of psychological problems

Question 11

To meet her increased energy needs, a breastfeeding woman is advised to consume an extra _____ kcalories per day until her infant is 6 months old.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​230 
B)  ​330 
C)  ​430 
D)  ​530 
E)  ​630 
A)  ​230 
B)  ​330 
C)  ​430 
D)  ​530 
E)  ​630

Question 12

A major deterrent to breastfeeding is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​fear and social anxiety 
B)  ​the medical community's failure to encourage breastfeeding 
C)  ​the difficulty in breastfeeding for working mothers 
D)  ​post-partum depression 
E)  ​the anti-breastfeeding stance of the Dairy Farmers of America 
A)  ​fear and social anxiety 
B)  ​the medical community's failure to encourage breastfeeding 
C)  ​the difficulty in breastfeeding for working mothers 
D)  ​post-partum depression 
E)  ​the anti-breastfeeding stance of the Dairy Farmers of America

Question 13

Matching
-fetal alcohol spectrum disorders

Accepted Answer

A) an organ in the uterus through which the fetus receives nutrients and oxygen 
B) a serious central nervous system birth defect that often results in lifelong disability or death 
C) in pregnant women, high blood pressure that is present and documented before pregnancy 
D) one of the most common types of neural tube defects; characterized by the incomplete closure of the spinal cord and its bony encasement 
E) the presence of abnormal glucose tolerance during pregnancy
F)a condition characterized by hypertension and protein in the urine
G)a severe complication during pregnancy in which seizures occur
H)the female reproductive cell, capable of developing into a new organism upon fertilization; commonly referred to as an egg
I)a serious foodborne infection that can cause severe brain infection or death in a fetus or newborn
J)a spectrum of physical, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities caused by prenatal alcohol exposure
K)the product of the union of ovum and sperm; a fertilized ovum.
L)the developmental stage of the embryo when it is about five days old and ready for implantation
M)an uncommon and always fatal type of neural tube defect; characterized by the absence of a brain
N)the stage of development in which the blastocyst embeds itself into the wall of the uterus and begins to develop
O)high blood pressure that develops in the second half of pregnancy and usually resolves after childbirth
P)the cluster of symptoms seen in an infant or child whose mother consumed excessive alcohol during her pregnancy
Q)the womb, the muscular organ within which the infant develops before birth
R)the combination of exhaled smoke (mainstream smoke) and smoke from lighted cigarettes, pipes, or cigars (sidestream smoke) that enters the air and may be inhaled by other people 
A) an organ in the uterus through which the fetus receives nutrients and oxygen 
B) a serious central nervous system birth defect that often results in lifelong disability or death 
C) in pregnant women, high blood pressure that is present and documented before pregnancy 
D) one of the most common types of neural tube defects; characterized by the incomplete closure of the spinal cord and its bony encasement 
E) the presence of abnormal glucose tolerance during pregnancy
F)a condition characterized by hypertension and protein in the urine
G)a severe complication during pregnancy in which seizures occur
H)the female reproductive cell, capable of developing into a new organism upon fertilization; commonly referred to as an egg
I)a serious foodborne infection that can cause severe brain infection or death in a fetus or newborn
J)a spectrum of physical, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities caused by prenatal alcohol exposure
K)the product of the union of ovum and sperm; a fertilized ovum.
L)the developmental stage of the embryo when it is about five days old and ready for implantation
M)an uncommon and always fatal type of neural tube defect; characterized by the absence of a brain
N)the stage of development in which the blastocyst embeds itself into the wall of the uterus and begins to develop
O)high blood pressure that develops in the second half of pregnancy and usually resolves after childbirth
P)the cluster of symptoms seen in an infant or child whose mother consumed excessive alcohol during her pregnancy
Q)the womb, the muscular organ within which the infant develops before birth
R)the combination of exhaled smoke (mainstream smoke) and smoke from lighted cigarettes, pipes, or cigars (sidestream smoke) that enters the air and may be inhaled by other people

Question 14

Nutrients and oxygen travel to the developing fetus via _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​the placenta 
B)  ​the amniotic sac 
C)  ​its lungs 
D)  ​its intestines 
E)  ​the uterine wall 
A)  ​the placenta 
B)  ​the amniotic sac 
C)  ​its lungs 
D)  ​its intestines 
E)  ​the uterine wall

Question 15

A pregnant woman needs ample carbohydrate intake to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​raise blood glucose levels 
B)  ​fuel the fetal brain and spare protein needed for fetal growth 
C)  ​provide adequate protein 
D)  ​increase glycogen stores in the fetus 
E)  ​alleviate gastrointestinal distress during the third trimester 
A)  ​raise blood glucose levels 
B)  ​fuel the fetal brain and spare protein needed for fetal growth 
C)  ​provide adequate protein 
D)  ​increase glycogen stores in the fetus 
E)  ​alleviate gastrointestinal distress during the third trimester

Question 16

Because of concern about mercury contamination, pregnant women are advised to avoid _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​king mackerel 
B)  ​shrimp 
C)  ​catfish 
D)  ​flounder 
E)  ​clams 
A)  ​king mackerel 
B)  ​shrimp 
C)  ​catfish 
D)  ​flounder 
E)  ​clams

Question 17

Improper breastfeeding position is a frequent cause of sore nipples.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Most pregnant women need iron supplements because _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​their RDA for iron is twice that of non-pregnant women 
B)  ​the body does not conserve iron well during pregnancy 
C)  ​iron supplements are better absorbed than iron from food 
D)  ​their iron reserves are generally not high 
E)  iron does not occur in regular food​ 
A)  ​their RDA for iron is twice that of non-pregnant women 
B)  ​the body does not conserve iron well during pregnancy 
C)  ​iron supplements are better absorbed than iron from food 
D)  ​their iron reserves are generally not high 
E)  iron does not occur in regular food​

Question 19

The requirement for folate during pregnancy increases from 400 micrograms per day to _____ micrograms per day.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​450 
B)  ​500 
C)  ​600 
D)  ​800 
E)  ​900 
A)  ​450 
B)  ​500 
C)  ​600 
D)  ​800 
E)  ​900

Question 20

Matching
-chronic hypertension

Accepted Answer

A) an organ in the uterus through which the fetus receives nutrients and oxygen 
B) a serious central nervous system birth defect that often results in lifelong disability or death 
C) in pregnant women, high blood pressure that is present and documented before pregnancy 
D) one of the most common types of neural tube defects; characterized by the incomplete closure of the spinal cord and its bony encasement 
E) the presence of abnormal glucose tolerance during pregnancy
F)a condition characterized by hypertension and protein in the urine
G)a severe complication during pregnancy in which seizures occur
H)the female reproductive cell, capable of developing into a new organism upon fertilization; commonly referred to as an egg
I)a serious foodborne infection that can cause severe brain infection or death in a fetus or newborn
J)a spectrum of physical, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities caused by prenatal alcohol exposure
K)the product of the union of ovum and sperm; a fertilized ovum.
L)the developmental stage of the embryo when it is about five days old and ready for implantation
M)an uncommon and always fatal type of neural tube defect; characterized by the absence of a brain
N)the stage of development in which the blastocyst embeds itself into the wall of the uterus and begins to develop
O)high blood pressure that develops in the second half of pregnancy and usually resolves after childbirth
P)the cluster of symptoms seen in an infant or child whose mother consumed excessive alcohol during her pregnancy
Q)the womb, the muscular organ within which the infant develops before birth
R)the combination of exhaled smoke (mainstream smoke) and smoke from lighted cigarettes, pipes, or cigars (sidestream smoke) that enters the air and may be inhaled by other people 
A) an organ in the uterus through which the fetus receives nutrients and oxygen 
B) a serious central nervous system birth defect that often results in lifelong disability or death 
C) in pregnant women, high blood pressure that is present and documented before pregnancy 
D) one of the most common types of neural tube defects; characterized by the incomplete closure of the spinal cord and its bony encasement 
E) the presence of abnormal glucose tolerance during pregnancy
F)a condition characterized by hypertension and protein in the urine
G)a severe complication during pregnancy in which seizures occur
H)the female reproductive cell, capable of developing into a new organism upon fertilization; commonly referred to as an egg
I)a serious foodborne infection that can cause severe brain infection or death in a fetus or newborn
J)a spectrum of physical, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities caused by prenatal alcohol exposure
K)the product of the union of ovum and sperm; a fertilized ovum.
L)the developmental stage of the embryo when it is about five days old and ready for implantation
M)an uncommon and always fatal type of neural tube defect; characterized by the absence of a brain
N)the stage of development in which the blastocyst embeds itself into the wall of the uterus and begins to develop
O)high blood pressure that develops in the second half of pregnancy and usually resolves after childbirth
P)the cluster of symptoms seen in an infant or child whose mother consumed excessive alcohol during her pregnancy
Q)the womb, the muscular organ within which the infant develops before birth
R)the combination of exhaled smoke (mainstream smoke) and smoke from lighted cigarettes, pipes, or cigars (sidestream smoke) that enters the air and may be inhaled by other people

Exam 11: Nutrition Through the Life Span Pregnancy and Lactation

The _____ surrounds and cradles the fetus, cushioning it with fluids.

What are some benefits of physical activity during pregnancy?

The developing infant from 8 weeks after conception until its birth is called a(n) _____.

A pregnant woman's daily energy needs increase by _____ kcalories in the first trimester, ____ kcalories in the second trimester, and _____ kcalories in the third trimester.

Which nutrients are typically found in greater quantities in prenatal supplements compared to regular vitamin/mineral supplements?

In which year was infant mortality the highest?

Describe the effects of smoking, alcohol consumption, and excessive caffeine consumption on the growth and development of the fetus.

Breastfeeding should not being until one month following birth.​

Matching -anencephaly

Research suggests that low-birthweight babies may experience _____.

To meet her increased energy needs, a breastfeeding woman is advised to consume an extra _____ kcalories per day until her infant is 6 months old.

A major deterrent to breastfeeding is _____.

Matching -fetal alcohol spectrum disorders

Nutrients and oxygen travel to the developing fetus via _____.

A pregnant woman needs ample carbohydrate intake to _____.

Because of concern about mercury contamination, pregnant women are advised to avoid _____.

Improper breastfeeding position is a frequent cause of sore nipples.

Most pregnant women need iron supplements because _____.

The requirement for folate during pregnancy increases from 400 micrograms per day to _____ micrograms per day.

Matching -chronic hypertension

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Digestion and Absorption

Metabolism Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management Overweight and Underweight

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Fitness and Nutrition

Nutrition Through the Life Span Infancy Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span Later Adulthood

Illness and Nutrition Care

Medications - Diet Drug Interactions - and Herbal Supplements

Specialized Nutrition Support - Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Foods and Food Consistency for Upper Gi Disorders

Fiber-Modified Diets for Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Carbohydrate - and Fat Modified Diets for Malabsorption Disorders

Nutrition Therapy for Liver and Gallbladder Diseases

Carbohydrate Controlled Diets for Diabetes Mellitus

Fat Controlled - Mineral Modified Diets for Cardiovascular Diseases

Protein - Mineral - and Fluid Modified Diets for Kidney Diseases

Energy - and Protein - Modified Diets for Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Energy - and Protein - Modified Diets for Cancer and HIV Infection

Filters

A pregnant woman's daily energy needs increase by _ kcalories in the first trimester, kcalories in the second trimester, and _ kcalories in the third trimester.

Breastfeeding should not being until one month following birth.