Question 1

Uncontrolled diabetes during pregnancy is most likely linked to what complication?​

Accepted Answer

A)  Prematurity​ 
B)  ​Infant macrosomia 
C)  ​Placental abruption 
D)  ​Uterine prolapse 
E)  ​Placenta previa 
A)  Prematurity​ 
B)  ​Infant macrosomia 
C)  ​Placental abruption 
D)  ​Uterine prolapse 
E)  ​Placenta previa

Question 2

Matching​
-glycemic

Accepted Answer

A) ​a hormone produced by adipose cells that improves insulin sensitivity 
B) ​damage to the kidneys that results from long-term diabetes 
C) ​delayed stomach emptying caused by nerve damage in stomach tissue 
D) ​morning hyperglycemia that is caused by the early-morning release of growth hormone, which reduces insulin sensitivity 
E) ​the blood concentration of a substance that exceeds the kidneys' capacity for reabsorption, causing the substance to be passed into the urine
F)​monitoring of tissue glucose levels using a small sensor placed under the skin
G)​a lowering of blood pH that results from the excessive production of ketone bodies
H)​reduced sensitivity to insulin in muscle, adipose, and liver cells
I)​the condition of having an abnormally large body;
J)​the amount of carbohydrate that can be handled per unit of insulin
K)​a pancreatic hormone that regulates glucose metabolism
L)​a distinctive fruity odor on the breath of a person with ketosis
M)​a measurement of glycated serum proteins that reflects glycemic control over the preceding two to three weeks
N)​pertaining to blood glucose
O)​excessive urine production 
A) ​a hormone produced by adipose cells that improves insulin sensitivity 
B) ​damage to the kidneys that results from long-term diabetes 
C) ​delayed stomach emptying caused by nerve damage in stomach tissue 
D) ​morning hyperglycemia that is caused by the early-morning release of growth hormone, which reduces insulin sensitivity 
E) ​the blood concentration of a substance that exceeds the kidneys' capacity for reabsorption, causing the substance to be passed into the urine
F)​monitoring of tissue glucose levels using a small sensor placed under the skin
G)​a lowering of blood pH that results from the excessive production of ketone bodies
H)​reduced sensitivity to insulin in muscle, adipose, and liver cells
I)​the condition of having an abnormally large body;
J)​the amount of carbohydrate that can be handled per unit of insulin
K)​a pancreatic hormone that regulates glucose metabolism
L)​a distinctive fruity odor on the breath of a person with ketosis
M)​a measurement of glycated serum proteins that reflects glycemic control over the preceding two to three weeks
N)​pertaining to blood glucose
O)​excessive urine production

Question 3

A patient's blood glucose log shows several episodes of hyperglycemia upon rising in the morning. The nurse explains that this is _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​due to taking too much insulin 
B)  ​caused by eating too much protein 
C)  ​called the dawn phenomenon 
D)  ​known as the evening effect 
E)  ​normal and needs no treatment 
A)  ​due to taking too much insulin 
B)  ​caused by eating too much protein 
C)  ​called the dawn phenomenon 
D)  ​known as the evening effect 
E)  ​normal and needs no treatment

Question 4

Claudication is a symptom of diabetes that often develops because of polyuria.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Those taking _____ should avoid excessive alcohol intake because it may interact with these drugs to cause lactic acidosis.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​alpha-glucosidase inhibitors 
B)  ​sulfonylureas 
C)  ​thiazolidinediones 
D)  ​biguanides 
E)  ​meglitinides 
A)  ​alpha-glucosidase inhibitors 
B)  ​sulfonylureas 
C)  ​thiazolidinediones 
D)  ​biguanides 
E)  ​meglitinides

Question 6

The progression of metabolic syndrome is worsened by _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​a sedentary lifestyle 
B)  ​a low-carbohydrate diet 
C)  ​low blood lipids 
D)  ​drug therapy 
E)  ​caffeine intake 
A)  ​a sedentary lifestyle 
B)  ​a low-carbohydrate diet 
C)  ​low blood lipids 
D)  ​drug therapy 
E)  ​caffeine intake

Question 7

Matching​
-​carbohydrate-to-insulin ratio

Accepted Answer

A) ​a hormone produced by adipose cells that improves insulin sensitivity 
B) ​damage to the kidneys that results from long-term diabetes 
C) ​delayed stomach emptying caused by nerve damage in stomach tissue 
D) ​morning hyperglycemia that is caused by the early-morning release of growth hormone, which reduces insulin sensitivity 
E) ​the blood concentration of a substance that exceeds the kidneys' capacity for reabsorption, causing the substance to be passed into the urine
F)​monitoring of tissue glucose levels using a small sensor placed under the skin
G)​a lowering of blood pH that results from the excessive production of ketone bodies
H)​reduced sensitivity to insulin in muscle, adipose, and liver cells
I)​the condition of having an abnormally large body;
J)​the amount of carbohydrate that can be handled per unit of insulin
K)​a pancreatic hormone that regulates glucose metabolism
L)​a distinctive fruity odor on the breath of a person with ketosis
M)​a measurement of glycated serum proteins that reflects glycemic control over the preceding two to three weeks
N)​pertaining to blood glucose
O)​excessive urine production 
A) ​a hormone produced by adipose cells that improves insulin sensitivity 
B) ​damage to the kidneys that results from long-term diabetes 
C) ​delayed stomach emptying caused by nerve damage in stomach tissue 
D) ​morning hyperglycemia that is caused by the early-morning release of growth hormone, which reduces insulin sensitivity 
E) ​the blood concentration of a substance that exceeds the kidneys' capacity for reabsorption, causing the substance to be passed into the urine
F)​monitoring of tissue glucose levels using a small sensor placed under the skin
G)​a lowering of blood pH that results from the excessive production of ketone bodies
H)​reduced sensitivity to insulin in muscle, adipose, and liver cells
I)​the condition of having an abnormally large body;
J)​the amount of carbohydrate that can be handled per unit of insulin
K)​a pancreatic hormone that regulates glucose metabolism
L)​a distinctive fruity odor on the breath of a person with ketosis
M)​a measurement of glycated serum proteins that reflects glycemic control over the preceding two to three weeks
N)​pertaining to blood glucose
O)​excessive urine production

Question 8

Routine checks for microalbuminuria help to determine whether diabetes is affecting the eyes.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Jared Joiner is a 56-year-old African American insurance agent. He is single, eats most meals at restaurants, and leads a sedentary lifestyle. He is 5'9" tall and weighs 204 pounds. Mr. Joiner has been feeling particularly fatigued lately and decided to make an appointment with his physician for a check-up. The results of his laboratory tests include a fasting blood glucose level of 121 mg/dL.
-What recommendation to help Mr. Joiner reduce his risk of developing diabetes is most likely to be effective?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​"Lose about 20 percent of your current body weight." 
B)  ​"Increase your physical activity." 
C)  ​"Choose low-sodium foods at restaurants." 
D)  ​"Learn to cook." 
E)  ​"Try to decrease your waist measurement by 6 inches." 
A)  ​"Lose about 20 percent of your current body weight." 
B)  ​"Increase your physical activity." 
C)  ​"Choose low-sodium foods at restaurants." 
D)  ​"Learn to cook." 
E)  ​"Try to decrease your waist measurement by 6 inches."

Question 10

Matching​
-​acetone breath

Accepted Answer

A) ​a hormone produced by adipose cells that improves insulin sensitivity 
B) ​damage to the kidneys that results from long-term diabetes 
C) ​delayed stomach emptying caused by nerve damage in stomach tissue 
D) ​morning hyperglycemia that is caused by the early-morning release of growth hormone, which reduces insulin sensitivity 
E) ​the blood concentration of a substance that exceeds the kidneys' capacity for reabsorption, causing the substance to be passed into the urine
F)​monitoring of tissue glucose levels using a small sensor placed under the skin
G)​a lowering of blood pH that results from the excessive production of ketone bodies
H)​reduced sensitivity to insulin in muscle, adipose, and liver cells
I)​the condition of having an abnormally large body;
J)​the amount of carbohydrate that can be handled per unit of insulin
K)​a pancreatic hormone that regulates glucose metabolism
L)​a distinctive fruity odor on the breath of a person with ketosis
M)​a measurement of glycated serum proteins that reflects glycemic control over the preceding two to three weeks
N)​pertaining to blood glucose
O)​excessive urine production 
A) ​a hormone produced by adipose cells that improves insulin sensitivity 
B) ​damage to the kidneys that results from long-term diabetes 
C) ​delayed stomach emptying caused by nerve damage in stomach tissue 
D) ​morning hyperglycemia that is caused by the early-morning release of growth hormone, which reduces insulin sensitivity 
E) ​the blood concentration of a substance that exceeds the kidneys' capacity for reabsorption, causing the substance to be passed into the urine
F)​monitoring of tissue glucose levels using a small sensor placed under the skin
G)​a lowering of blood pH that results from the excessive production of ketone bodies
H)​reduced sensitivity to insulin in muscle, adipose, and liver cells
I)​the condition of having an abnormally large body;
J)​the amount of carbohydrate that can be handled per unit of insulin
K)​a pancreatic hormone that regulates glucose metabolism
L)​a distinctive fruity odor on the breath of a person with ketosis
M)​a measurement of glycated serum proteins that reflects glycemic control over the preceding two to three weeks
N)​pertaining to blood glucose
O)​excessive urine production

Question 11

Close monitoring of glucose levels is especially important for the pregnant woman with diabetes.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome leads to profoundly high levels of blood glucose, mainly due to _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​insulin resistance 
B)  ​inappropriate glucagon production 
C)  ​increased urine output 
D)  ​dehydration 
E)  ​vitamin K deficiency 
A)  ​insulin resistance 
B)  ​inappropriate glucagon production 
C)  ​increased urine output 
D)  ​dehydration 
E)  ​vitamin K deficiency

Question 13

What type of insulin has the most rapid onset of action?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Lispro 
B)  ​Regular 
C)  ​Lente 
D)  ​NPH 
E)  ​Glargine 
A)  ​Lispro 
B)  ​Regular 
C)  ​Lente 
D)  ​NPH 
E)  ​Glargine

Question 14

Jared Joiner is a 56-year-old African American insurance agent. He is single, eats most meals at restaurants, and leads a sedentary lifestyle. He is 5'9" tall and weighs 204 pounds. Mr. Joiner has been feeling particularly fatigued lately and decided to make an appointment with his physician for a check-up. The results of his laboratory tests include a fasting blood glucose level of 121 mg/dL.
-Four months after his initial exam, Mr. Joiner returns to his physician for a follow-up appointment. He has lost 10 pounds, but his fasting blood glucose level is now 131 mg/dL. Mr. Joiner's prediabetes has progressed to _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​type 1 diabetes 
B)  ​type 2 diabetes 
C)  ​gestational diabetes 
D)  ​hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome 
E)  ​impaired glucose tolerance 
A)  ​type 1 diabetes 
B)  ​type 2 diabetes 
C)  ​gestational diabetes 
D)  ​hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome 
E)  ​impaired glucose tolerance

Question 15

​The nurse recognizes that the diabetic client understands the principles of her diet when she states _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​"I need to restrict my carbohydrate intake and avoid concentrated sweets" 
B)  ​"I need to first lose weight before making changes in my carbohydrate intake" 
C)  ​"I need to eat about the same amount of carbohydrate at about the same time each day" 
D)  ​"I need to restrict my carbohydrate and fat intakes, but increase my protein intake" 
E)  ​"I need to severely limit my fat intake and choose only complex carbohydrates" 
A)  ​"I need to restrict my carbohydrate intake and avoid concentrated sweets" 
B)  ​"I need to first lose weight before making changes in my carbohydrate intake" 
C)  ​"I need to eat about the same amount of carbohydrate at about the same time each day" 
D)  ​"I need to restrict my carbohydrate and fat intakes, but increase my protein intake" 
E)  ​"I need to severely limit my fat intake and choose only complex carbohydrates"

Question 16

Clinical trials have demonstrated that intensive treatment can keep blood glucose levels tightly controlled and reduce the incidence and severity of the chronic complications of diabetes.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Describe hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome and its potential complications for the diabetic patient.​

Accepted Answer

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome is a

Question 18

Describe the nutrition therapy for an overweight woman with gestational diabetes.​

Accepted Answer

even mild hyperglycemia in a woman with

Question 19

What food represents one 15 g portion of a carbohydrate for a diabetic patient?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​3 oz of yogurt 
B)  ​2 slices of bread 
C)  ​1 cup cooked pasta 
D)  ​1 large baked potato 
E)  ​½ cup of ice cream 
A)  ​3 oz of yogurt 
B)  ​2 slices of bread 
C)  ​1 cup cooked pasta 
D)  ​1 large baked potato 
E)  ​½ cup of ice cream

Question 20

A 12-year-old girl is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and is placed on insulin. Her mother expresses concern that her daughter will refuse to give herself injections. The nurse reassures the mother that _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​she will only need a single injection daily, so the mother can do it 
B)  ​a pump to administer the insulin without syringes is available 
C)  ​insulin is available in pill form 
D)  ​she can still regulate her blood glucose levels if she misses insulin doses at times 
E)  ​type 1 diabetes does not need to be managed with exogenous insulin 
A)  ​she will only need a single injection daily, so the mother can do it 
B)  ​a pump to administer the insulin without syringes is available 
C)  ​insulin is available in pill form 
D)  ​she can still regulate her blood glucose levels if she misses insulin doses at times 
E)  ​type 1 diabetes does not need to be managed with exogenous insulin

Exam 20: Nutrition and Diabetes Mellitus

Uncontrolled diabetes during pregnancy is most likely linked to what complication?​

Matching​ -glycemic

A patient's blood glucose log shows several episodes of hyperglycemia upon rising in the morning. The nurse explains that this is _____.​

Claudication is a symptom of diabetes that often develops because of polyuria.​

Those taking _____ should avoid excessive alcohol intake because it may interact with these drugs to cause lactic acidosis.​

The progression of metabolic syndrome is worsened by _____.​

Matching​ -​carbohydrate-to-insulin ratio

Routine checks for microalbuminuria help to determine whether diabetes is affecting the eyes.​

Matching​ -​acetone breath

Close monitoring of glucose levels is especially important for the pregnant woman with diabetes.​

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome leads to profoundly high levels of blood glucose, mainly due to _____.​

What type of insulin has the most rapid onset of action?​

​The nurse recognizes that the diabetic client understands the principles of her diet when she states _____.

Clinical trials have demonstrated that intensive treatment can keep blood glucose levels tightly controlled and reduce the incidence and severity of the chronic complications of diabetes.​

Describe hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome and its potential complications for the diabetic patient.​

Describe the nutrition therapy for an overweight woman with gestational diabetes.​

What food represents one 15 g portion of a carbohydrate for a diabetic patient?​

A 12-year-old girl is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and is placed on insulin. Her mother expresses concern that her daughter will refuse to give herself injections. The nurse reassures the mother that _____.​

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Digestion and Absorption

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management - Overweight and Underweight

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Nutrition Through the Life Span - Pregnancy and Infancy

Nutrition Through the Life Span - Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span - Later Adulthood

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention and Diet-Drug Interactions

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

Nutrition in Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Nutrition and Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Liver Diseases

Nutrition and Disorders of the Heart and Blood Vessels

Nutrition and Renal Diseases

Nutrition - Cancer - and HIV Infection

Filters

Uncontrolled diabetes during pregnancy is most likely linked to what complication?

Matching -glycemic

A patient's blood glucose log shows several episodes of hyperglycemia upon rising in the morning. The nurse explains that this is _____.

Claudication is a symptom of diabetes that often develops because of polyuria.

Those taking _____ should avoid excessive alcohol intake because it may interact with these drugs to cause lactic acidosis.

The progression of metabolic syndrome is worsened by _____.

Matching -carbohydrate-to-insulin ratio

Routine checks for microalbuminuria help to determine whether diabetes is affecting the eyes.

Matching -acetone breath

Close monitoring of glucose levels is especially important for the pregnant woman with diabetes.

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome leads to profoundly high levels of blood glucose, mainly due to _____.

What type of insulin has the most rapid onset of action?

The nurse recognizes that the diabetic client understands the principles of her diet when she states _____.

Clinical trials have demonstrated that intensive treatment can keep blood glucose levels tightly controlled and reduce the incidence and severity of the chronic complications of diabetes.

Describe hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome and its potential complications for the diabetic patient.

Describe the nutrition therapy for an overweight woman with gestational diabetes.

What food represents one 15 g portion of a carbohydrate for a diabetic patient?

A 12-year-old girl is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and is placed on insulin. Her mother expresses concern that her daughter will refuse to give herself injections. The nurse reassures the mother that _____.