Question 1

The emulsification of fat requires:

Accepted Answer

A)  biotin. 
B)  enzymes. 
C)  prostaglandins. 
D)  intestinal flora. 
E)  bile. 
A)  biotin. 
B)  enzymes. 
C)  prostaglandins. 
D)  intestinal flora. 
E)  bile.

Question 2

Matching
-mouth ​

Accepted Answer

A) the oral cavity containing the tongue and teeth. 
B) the passageway leading from the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, respectively. 
C) a cartilage structure in the throat that prevents fluid or food from entering the trachea when a person swallows. 
D) the passageway from the mouth and nose to the lungs. 
E) the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.
F)the sphincter muscle at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach.
G)the sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine.
H)the organ that stores and concentrates bile.
I)a gland that secretes enzymes and digestive juices into the duodenum.
J)a 10-foot length of small-diameter (1-inch) intestine that is the major site of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.
K)the top portion of the small intestine.
L)the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum.
M)the last segment of the small intestine.
N)the sphincter muscle separating the small and large intestines.
O)the last portion of the intestine, which absorbs water.
P)a narrow blind sac extending from the beginning of the large intestine; stores lymphocytes.
Q)the muscular terminal part of the GI tract extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus.
R)the terminal sphincter muscle of the GI tract. 
A) the oral cavity containing the tongue and teeth. 
B) the passageway leading from the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, respectively. 
C) a cartilage structure in the throat that prevents fluid or food from entering the trachea when a person swallows. 
D) the passageway from the mouth and nose to the lungs. 
E) the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.
F)the sphincter muscle at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach.
G)the sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine.
H)the organ that stores and concentrates bile.
I)a gland that secretes enzymes and digestive juices into the duodenum.
J)a 10-foot length of small-diameter (1-inch) intestine that is the major site of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.
K)the top portion of the small intestine.
L)the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum.
M)the last segment of the small intestine.
N)the sphincter muscle separating the small and large intestines.
O)the last portion of the intestine, which absorbs water.
P)a narrow blind sac extending from the beginning of the large intestine; stores lymphocytes.
Q)the muscular terminal part of the GI tract extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus.
R)the terminal sphincter muscle of the GI tract.

Question 3

During swallowing of food, which of the following prevents food from entering the lungs?

Accepted Answer

A)  lower esophageal sphincter 
B)  pharynx 
C)  ileocecal valve 
D)  epiglottis 
E)  appendix 
A)  lower esophageal sphincter 
B)  pharynx 
C)  ileocecal valve 
D)  epiglottis 
E)  appendix

Question 4

​Another name for the digestive tract is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  ​urinary tract. 
B)  exocrine system. 
C)  gastrointestinal tract.​ 
D)  ​muscular system. 
E)  gastroesophageal system.​ 
A)  ​urinary tract. 
B)  exocrine system. 
C)  gastrointestinal tract.​ 
D)  ​muscular system. 
E)  gastroesophageal system.​

Question 5

Which of the following foods would be digested most rapidly?

Accepted Answer

A)  a scoop of lemon sherbet 
B)  an apple 
C)  a baked potato with sour cream 
D)  a piece of cheese on a cracker 
E)  a hamburger 
A)  a scoop of lemon sherbet 
B)  an apple 
C)  a baked potato with sour cream 
D)  a piece of cheese on a cracker 
E)  a hamburger

Question 6

Villi are part of the structure of the​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​esophagus. 
B)  ​stomach. 
C)  ​colon. 
D)  ​large intestine. 
E)  ​small intestine. 
A)  ​esophagus. 
B)  ​stomach. 
C)  ​colon. 
D)  ​large intestine. 
E)  ​small intestine.

Question 7

The major digestive enzyme secreted by the stomach is:

Accepted Answer

A)  amylase. 
B)  lipase. 
C)  bile. 
D)  disaccharidase. 
E)  pepsin 
A)  amylase. 
B)  lipase. 
C)  bile. 
D)  disaccharidase. 
E)  pepsin

Question 8

Matching
-epiglottis ​

Accepted Answer

A) the oral cavity containing the tongue and teeth. 
B) the passageway leading from the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, respectively. 
C) a cartilage structure in the throat that prevents fluid or food from entering the trachea when a person swallows. 
D) the passageway from the mouth and nose to the lungs. 
E) the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.
F)the sphincter muscle at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach.
G)the sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine.
H)the organ that stores and concentrates bile.
I)a gland that secretes enzymes and digestive juices into the duodenum.
J)a 10-foot length of small-diameter (1-inch) intestine that is the major site of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.
K)the top portion of the small intestine.
L)the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum.
M)the last segment of the small intestine.
N)the sphincter muscle separating the small and large intestines.
O)the last portion of the intestine, which absorbs water.
P)a narrow blind sac extending from the beginning of the large intestine; stores lymphocytes.
Q)the muscular terminal part of the GI tract extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus.
R)the terminal sphincter muscle of the GI tract. 
A) the oral cavity containing the tongue and teeth. 
B) the passageway leading from the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, respectively. 
C) a cartilage structure in the throat that prevents fluid or food from entering the trachea when a person swallows. 
D) the passageway from the mouth and nose to the lungs. 
E) the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.
F)the sphincter muscle at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach.
G)the sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine.
H)the organ that stores and concentrates bile.
I)a gland that secretes enzymes and digestive juices into the duodenum.
J)a 10-foot length of small-diameter (1-inch) intestine that is the major site of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.
K)the top portion of the small intestine.
L)the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum.
M)the last segment of the small intestine.
N)the sphincter muscle separating the small and large intestines.
O)the last portion of the intestine, which absorbs water.
P)a narrow blind sac extending from the beginning of the large intestine; stores lymphocytes.
Q)the muscular terminal part of the GI tract extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus.
R)the terminal sphincter muscle of the GI tract.

Question 9

​Elevated LDL concentrations are associated with a high risk of heart disease because they:​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​transport cholesterol and triglycerides from the liver to the tissues. 
B)  ​carry excessive amounts of fat that is deposited around the heart. 
C)  ​encourage high levels of iron in the blood. 
D)  ​take excess cholesterol back to the liver, which increases the production of cholesterol. 
E)  ​are a different, less complex, type of cholesterol. 
A)  ​transport cholesterol and triglycerides from the liver to the tissues. 
B)  ​carry excessive amounts of fat that is deposited around the heart. 
C)  ​encourage high levels of iron in the blood. 
D)  ​take excess cholesterol back to the liver, which increases the production of cholesterol. 
E)  ​are a different, less complex, type of cholesterol.

Question 10

Which of the following is formed in the mouth?

Accepted Answer

A)  bile 
B)  stomach acid 
C)  chyme 
D)  villus 
E)  bolus 
A)  bile 
B)  stomach acid 
C)  chyme 
D)  villus 
E)  bolus

Question 11

Matching
-ileum ​

Accepted Answer

A) the oral cavity containing the tongue and teeth. 
B) the passageway leading from the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, respectively. 
C) a cartilage structure in the throat that prevents fluid or food from entering the trachea when a person swallows. 
D) the passageway from the mouth and nose to the lungs. 
E) the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.
F)the sphincter muscle at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach.
G)the sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine.
H)the organ that stores and concentrates bile.
I)a gland that secretes enzymes and digestive juices into the duodenum.
J)a 10-foot length of small-diameter (1-inch) intestine that is the major site of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.
K)the top portion of the small intestine.
L)the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum.
M)the last segment of the small intestine.
N)the sphincter muscle separating the small and large intestines.
O)the last portion of the intestine, which absorbs water.
P)a narrow blind sac extending from the beginning of the large intestine; stores lymphocytes.
Q)the muscular terminal part of the GI tract extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus.
R)the terminal sphincter muscle of the GI tract. 
A) the oral cavity containing the tongue and teeth. 
B) the passageway leading from the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, respectively. 
C) a cartilage structure in the throat that prevents fluid or food from entering the trachea when a person swallows. 
D) the passageway from the mouth and nose to the lungs. 
E) the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.
F)the sphincter muscle at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach.
G)the sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine.
H)the organ that stores and concentrates bile.
I)a gland that secretes enzymes and digestive juices into the duodenum.
J)a 10-foot length of small-diameter (1-inch) intestine that is the major site of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.
K)the top portion of the small intestine.
L)the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum.
M)the last segment of the small intestine.
N)the sphincter muscle separating the small and large intestines.
O)the last portion of the intestine, which absorbs water.
P)a narrow blind sac extending from the beginning of the large intestine; stores lymphocytes.
Q)the muscular terminal part of the GI tract extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus.
R)the terminal sphincter muscle of the GI tract.

Question 12

​What is a good recommendation to prevent foodborne illnesses?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Fresh produce should be washed before it is eaten. 
B)  ​Only new sponges and towels should be used in the kitchen. 
C)  ​Leftovers can safely be covered and left at room temperature until the next meal. 
D)  ​Meats should be marinated at room temperature. 
E)  ​All meat should be washed before cooking. 
A)  ​Fresh produce should be washed before it is eaten. 
B)  ​Only new sponges and towels should be used in the kitchen. 
C)  ​Leftovers can safely be covered and left at room temperature until the next meal. 
D)  ​Meats should be marinated at room temperature. 
E)  ​All meat should be washed before cooking.

Question 13

Which of the following contains no digestive enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  saliva 
B)  gastric juice 
C)  intestinal juice 
D)  bile 
E)  pancreatic juice 
A)  saliva 
B)  gastric juice 
C)  intestinal juice 
D)  bile 
E)  pancreatic juice

Question 14

The main function of bile is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulate vitamin-producing bacteria. 
B)  stimulate the activity of protein digestive enzymes. 
C)  neutralize the intestinal contents. 
D)  decrease the acidity of the contents of the stomach. 
E)  emulsify fats. 
A)  stimulate vitamin-producing bacteria. 
B)  stimulate the activity of protein digestive enzymes. 
C)  neutralize the intestinal contents. 
D)  decrease the acidity of the contents of the stomach. 
E)  emulsify fats.

Question 15

After absorption, the water-soluble nutrients are released directly into the:​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​bloodstream. 
B)  ​kidneys. 
C)  ​liver. 
D)  ​lymph. 
E)  ​villi. 
A)  ​bloodstream. 
B)  ​kidneys. 
C)  ​liver. 
D)  ​lymph. 
E)  ​villi.

Question 16

​The primary site of nutrient absorption is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  stomach.​ 
B)  ​pancreas. 
C)  ​small intestine. 
D)  ​large intestine. 
E)  ​mouth. 
A)  stomach.​ 
B)  ​pancreas. 
C)  ​small intestine. 
D)  ​large intestine. 
E)  ​mouth.

Question 17

Chylomicrons are composed of:​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​phospholipid, cholesterol, and lymph 
B)  ​proteins, triglyceride, and water-soluble vitamins 
C)  ​triglyceride, phospholipid, and proteins 
D)  ​water-soluble vitamins, phospholipid, and cholesterol 
E)  ​fat-soluble vitamins, water-soluble vitamins, and proteins 
A)  ​phospholipid, cholesterol, and lymph 
B)  ​proteins, triglyceride, and water-soluble vitamins 
C)  ​triglyceride, phospholipid, and proteins 
D)  ​water-soluble vitamins, phospholipid, and cholesterol 
E)  ​fat-soluble vitamins, water-soluble vitamins, and proteins

Question 18

Matching
-trachea ​

Accepted Answer

A) the oral cavity containing the tongue and teeth. 
B) the passageway leading from the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, respectively. 
C) a cartilage structure in the throat that prevents fluid or food from entering the trachea when a person swallows. 
D) the passageway from the mouth and nose to the lungs. 
E) the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.
F)the sphincter muscle at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach.
G)the sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine.
H)the organ that stores and concentrates bile.
I)a gland that secretes enzymes and digestive juices into the duodenum.
J)a 10-foot length of small-diameter (1-inch) intestine that is the major site of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.
K)the top portion of the small intestine.
L)the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum.
M)the last segment of the small intestine.
N)the sphincter muscle separating the small and large intestines.
O)the last portion of the intestine, which absorbs water.
P)a narrow blind sac extending from the beginning of the large intestine; stores lymphocytes.
Q)the muscular terminal part of the GI tract extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus.
R)the terminal sphincter muscle of the GI tract. 
A) the oral cavity containing the tongue and teeth. 
B) the passageway leading from the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, respectively. 
C) a cartilage structure in the throat that prevents fluid or food from entering the trachea when a person swallows. 
D) the passageway from the mouth and nose to the lungs. 
E) the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.
F)the sphincter muscle at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach.
G)the sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine.
H)the organ that stores and concentrates bile.
I)a gland that secretes enzymes and digestive juices into the duodenum.
J)a 10-foot length of small-diameter (1-inch) intestine that is the major site of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.
K)the top portion of the small intestine.
L)the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum.
M)the last segment of the small intestine.
N)the sphincter muscle separating the small and large intestines.
O)the last portion of the intestine, which absorbs water.
P)a narrow blind sac extending from the beginning of the large intestine; stores lymphocytes.
Q)the muscular terminal part of the GI tract extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus.
R)the terminal sphincter muscle of the GI tract.

Question 19

Which nutrients must be broken down in order to be absorbed?

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamins, minerals, and water 
B)  carbohydrate, vitamins, and minerals 
C)  fat, protein, and minerals 
D)  carbohydrate, protein, and fat 
E)  carbohydrate, fat, water 
A)  vitamins, minerals, and water 
B)  carbohydrate, vitamins, and minerals 
C)  fat, protein, and minerals 
D)  carbohydrate, protein, and fat 
E)  carbohydrate, fat, water

Question 20

Which enzyme breaks down starch in the mouth?

Accepted Answer

A)  lingual protease 
B)  lipase 
C)  salivary amylase 
D)  gastric protease 
E)  secretin 
A)  lingual protease 
B)  lipase 
C)  salivary amylase 
D)  gastric protease 
E)  secretin

Exam 2: Digestion and Absorption

The emulsification of fat requires:

Matching -mouth ​

During swallowing of food, which of the following prevents food from entering the lungs?

​Another name for the digestive tract is the:

Which of the following foods would be digested most rapidly?

Villi are part of the structure of the​

The major digestive enzyme secreted by the stomach is:

Matching -epiglottis ​

​Elevated LDL concentrations are associated with a high risk of heart disease because they:​

Which of the following is formed in the mouth?

Matching -ileum ​

​What is a good recommendation to prevent foodborne illnesses?

Which of the following contains no digestive enzymes?

The main function of bile is to:

After absorption, the water-soluble nutrients are released directly into the:​

​The primary site of nutrient absorption is the:

Chylomicrons are composed of:​

Matching -trachea ​

Which nutrients must be broken down in order to be absorbed?

Which enzyme breaks down starch in the mouth?

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management - Overweight and Underweight

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Nutrition Through the Life Span - Pregnancy and Infancy

Nutrition Through the Life Span - Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span - Later Adulthood

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention and Diet-Drug Interactions

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

Nutrition in Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Nutrition and Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Liver Diseases

Nutrition and Diabetes Mellitus

Nutrition and Disorders of the Heart and Blood Vessels

Nutrition and Renal Diseases

Nutrition - Cancer - and HIV Infection

Filters

Matching -mouth

Another name for the digestive tract is the:

Villi are part of the structure of the

Matching -epiglottis

Elevated LDL concentrations are associated with a high risk of heart disease because they:

Matching -ileum

What is a good recommendation to prevent foodborne illnesses?

After absorption, the water-soluble nutrients are released directly into the:

The primary site of nutrient absorption is the:

Chylomicrons are composed of:

Matching -trachea