Question 1

The microscopic hairs that cover the surface of each cell lining the small intestine are called:​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​intestinal folds. 
B)  ​villi. 
C)  ​microvilli. 
D)  ​lymphatics. 
E)  ​chylomicrons. 
A)  ​intestinal folds. 
B)  ​villi. 
C)  ​microvilli. 
D)  ​lymphatics. 
E)  ​chylomicrons.

Question 2

Immediately before passing into the large intestine, the food mass must pass though the:

Accepted Answer

A)  pyloric sphincter. 
B)  lower esophageal sphincter. 
C)  ileocecal valve. 
D)  bolus. 
E)  colon. 
A)  pyloric sphincter. 
B)  lower esophageal sphincter. 
C)  ileocecal valve. 
D)  bolus. 
E)  colon.

Question 3

Matching
-small intestine ​

Accepted Answer

A) the oral cavity containing the tongue and teeth. 
B) the passageway leading from the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, respectively. 
C) a cartilage structure in the throat that prevents fluid or food from entering the trachea when a person swallows. 
D) the passageway from the mouth and nose to the lungs. 
E) the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.
F)the sphincter muscle at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach.
G)the sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine.
H)the organ that stores and concentrates bile.
I)a gland that secretes enzymes and digestive juices into the duodenum.
J)a 10-foot length of small-diameter (1-inch) intestine that is the major site of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.
K)the top portion of the small intestine.
L)the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum.
M)the last segment of the small intestine.
N)the sphincter muscle separating the small and large intestines.
O)the last portion of the intestine, which absorbs water.
P)a narrow blind sac extending from the beginning of the large intestine; stores lymphocytes.
Q)the muscular terminal part of the GI tract extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus.
R)the terminal sphincter muscle of the GI tract. 
A) the oral cavity containing the tongue and teeth. 
B) the passageway leading from the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, respectively. 
C) a cartilage structure in the throat that prevents fluid or food from entering the trachea when a person swallows. 
D) the passageway from the mouth and nose to the lungs. 
E) the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.
F)the sphincter muscle at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach.
G)the sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine.
H)the organ that stores and concentrates bile.
I)a gland that secretes enzymes and digestive juices into the duodenum.
J)a 10-foot length of small-diameter (1-inch) intestine that is the major site of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.
K)the top portion of the small intestine.
L)the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum.
M)the last segment of the small intestine.
N)the sphincter muscle separating the small and large intestines.
O)the last portion of the intestine, which absorbs water.
P)a narrow blind sac extending from the beginning of the large intestine; stores lymphocytes.
Q)the muscular terminal part of the GI tract extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus.
R)the terminal sphincter muscle of the GI tract.

Question 4

Matching
-pyloric sphincter ​

Accepted Answer

A) the oral cavity containing the tongue and teeth. 
B) the passageway leading from the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, respectively. 
C) a cartilage structure in the throat that prevents fluid or food from entering the trachea when a person swallows. 
D) the passageway from the mouth and nose to the lungs. 
E) the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.
F)the sphincter muscle at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach.
G)the sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine.
H)the organ that stores and concentrates bile.
I)a gland that secretes enzymes and digestive juices into the duodenum.
J)a 10-foot length of small-diameter (1-inch) intestine that is the major site of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.
K)the top portion of the small intestine.
L)the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum.
M)the last segment of the small intestine.
N)the sphincter muscle separating the small and large intestines.
O)the last portion of the intestine, which absorbs water.
P)a narrow blind sac extending from the beginning of the large intestine; stores lymphocytes.
Q)the muscular terminal part of the GI tract extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus.
R)the terminal sphincter muscle of the GI tract. 
A) the oral cavity containing the tongue and teeth. 
B) the passageway leading from the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, respectively. 
C) a cartilage structure in the throat that prevents fluid or food from entering the trachea when a person swallows. 
D) the passageway from the mouth and nose to the lungs. 
E) the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.
F)the sphincter muscle at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach.
G)the sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine.
H)the organ that stores and concentrates bile.
I)a gland that secretes enzymes and digestive juices into the duodenum.
J)a 10-foot length of small-diameter (1-inch) intestine that is the major site of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.
K)the top portion of the small intestine.
L)the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum.
M)the last segment of the small intestine.
N)the sphincter muscle separating the small and large intestines.
O)the last portion of the intestine, which absorbs water.
P)a narrow blind sac extending from the beginning of the large intestine; stores lymphocytes.
Q)the muscular terminal part of the GI tract extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus.
R)the terminal sphincter muscle of the GI tract.

Question 5

The movement of chyme from the stomach into the small intestine is regulated by the:

Accepted Answer

A)  pancreas. 
B)  lower esophageal sphincter. 
C)  ileocecal valve. 
D)  duodenum. 
E)  pyloric sphincter. 
A)  pancreas. 
B)  lower esophageal sphincter. 
C)  ileocecal valve. 
D)  duodenum. 
E)  pyloric sphincter.

Question 6

Where does the digestion of proteins begin and end?

Accepted Answer

A)  begins in stomach; ends in pancreas 
B)  begins in pancreas; ends in small intestine 
C)  begins in stomach; ends in small intestine 
D)  begins in small intestine; ends in liver 
E)  begins in small intestine; ends in stomach 
A)  begins in stomach; ends in pancreas 
B)  begins in pancreas; ends in small intestine 
C)  begins in stomach; ends in small intestine 
D)  begins in small intestine; ends in liver 
E)  begins in small intestine; ends in stomach

Question 7

Matching
-gallbladder ​

Accepted Answer

A) the oral cavity containing the tongue and teeth. 
B) the passageway leading from the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, respectively. 
C) a cartilage structure in the throat that prevents fluid or food from entering the trachea when a person swallows. 
D) the passageway from the mouth and nose to the lungs. 
E) the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.
F)the sphincter muscle at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach.
G)the sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine.
H)the organ that stores and concentrates bile.
I)a gland that secretes enzymes and digestive juices into the duodenum.
J)a 10-foot length of small-diameter (1-inch) intestine that is the major site of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.
K)the top portion of the small intestine.
L)the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum.
M)the last segment of the small intestine.
N)the sphincter muscle separating the small and large intestines.
O)the last portion of the intestine, which absorbs water.
P)a narrow blind sac extending from the beginning of the large intestine; stores lymphocytes.
Q)the muscular terminal part of the GI tract extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus.
R)the terminal sphincter muscle of the GI tract. 
A) the oral cavity containing the tongue and teeth. 
B) the passageway leading from the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, respectively. 
C) a cartilage structure in the throat that prevents fluid or food from entering the trachea when a person swallows. 
D) the passageway from the mouth and nose to the lungs. 
E) the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.
F)the sphincter muscle at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach.
G)the sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine.
H)the organ that stores and concentrates bile.
I)a gland that secretes enzymes and digestive juices into the duodenum.
J)a 10-foot length of small-diameter (1-inch) intestine that is the major site of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.
K)the top portion of the small intestine.
L)the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum.
M)the last segment of the small intestine.
N)the sphincter muscle separating the small and large intestines.
O)the last portion of the intestine, which absorbs water.
P)a narrow blind sac extending from the beginning of the large intestine; stores lymphocytes.
Q)the muscular terminal part of the GI tract extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus.
R)the terminal sphincter muscle of the GI tract.

Question 8

The idea of "food-combining diets," or avoiding certain combinations of food, is valid- the digestive system cannot handle more than one task at a time.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Matching
-​jejunum

Accepted Answer

A) the oral cavity containing the tongue and teeth. 
B) the passageway leading from the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, respectively. 
C) a cartilage structure in the throat that prevents fluid or food from entering the trachea when a person swallows. 
D) the passageway from the mouth and nose to the lungs. 
E) the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.
F)the sphincter muscle at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach.
G)the sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine.
H)the organ that stores and concentrates bile.
I)a gland that secretes enzymes and digestive juices into the duodenum.
J)a 10-foot length of small-diameter (1-inch) intestine that is the major site of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.
K)the top portion of the small intestine.
L)the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum.
M)the last segment of the small intestine.
N)the sphincter muscle separating the small and large intestines.
O)the last portion of the intestine, which absorbs water.
P)a narrow blind sac extending from the beginning of the large intestine; stores lymphocytes.
Q)the muscular terminal part of the GI tract extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus.
R)the terminal sphincter muscle of the GI tract. 
A) the oral cavity containing the tongue and teeth. 
B) the passageway leading from the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, respectively. 
C) a cartilage structure in the throat that prevents fluid or food from entering the trachea when a person swallows. 
D) the passageway from the mouth and nose to the lungs. 
E) the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.
F)the sphincter muscle at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach.
G)the sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine.
H)the organ that stores and concentrates bile.
I)a gland that secretes enzymes and digestive juices into the duodenum.
J)a 10-foot length of small-diameter (1-inch) intestine that is the major site of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.
K)the top portion of the small intestine.
L)the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum.
M)the last segment of the small intestine.
N)the sphincter muscle separating the small and large intestines.
O)the last portion of the intestine, which absorbs water.
P)a narrow blind sac extending from the beginning of the large intestine; stores lymphocytes.
Q)the muscular terminal part of the GI tract extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus.
R)the terminal sphincter muscle of the GI tract.

Question 10

Matching
-ileocecal valve ​

Accepted Answer

A) the oral cavity containing the tongue and teeth. 
B) the passageway leading from the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, respectively. 
C) a cartilage structure in the throat that prevents fluid or food from entering the trachea when a person swallows. 
D) the passageway from the mouth and nose to the lungs. 
E) the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.
F)the sphincter muscle at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach.
G)the sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine.
H)the organ that stores and concentrates bile.
I)a gland that secretes enzymes and digestive juices into the duodenum.
J)a 10-foot length of small-diameter (1-inch) intestine that is the major site of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.
K)the top portion of the small intestine.
L)the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum.
M)the last segment of the small intestine.
N)the sphincter muscle separating the small and large intestines.
O)the last portion of the intestine, which absorbs water.
P)a narrow blind sac extending from the beginning of the large intestine; stores lymphocytes.
Q)the muscular terminal part of the GI tract extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus.
R)the terminal sphincter muscle of the GI tract. 
A) the oral cavity containing the tongue and teeth. 
B) the passageway leading from the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, respectively. 
C) a cartilage structure in the throat that prevents fluid or food from entering the trachea when a person swallows. 
D) the passageway from the mouth and nose to the lungs. 
E) the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.
F)the sphincter muscle at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach.
G)the sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine.
H)the organ that stores and concentrates bile.
I)a gland that secretes enzymes and digestive juices into the duodenum.
J)a 10-foot length of small-diameter (1-inch) intestine that is the major site of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.
K)the top portion of the small intestine.
L)the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum.
M)the last segment of the small intestine.
N)the sphincter muscle separating the small and large intestines.
O)the last portion of the intestine, which absorbs water.
P)a narrow blind sac extending from the beginning of the large intestine; stores lymphocytes.
Q)the muscular terminal part of the GI tract extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus.
R)the terminal sphincter muscle of the GI tract.

Question 11

After the pancreatic juices have mixed with chyme in the intestine, the resulting mixture is:

Accepted Answer

A)  very acidic. 
B)  slightly acidic. 
C)  strongly alkaline. 
D)  slightly alkaline. 
E)  none of the above. 
A)  very acidic. 
B)  slightly acidic. 
C)  strongly alkaline. 
D)  slightly alkaline. 
E)  none of the above.

Question 12

Which of the following will cause a foodborne intoxication?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Listeria 
B)  ​Clostridium perfringens 
C)  ​Campylobacter jejuni 
D)  ​Staphylococcus aureus 
E)  ​Norovirus 
A)  ​Listeria 
B)  ​Clostridium perfringens 
C)  ​Campylobacter jejuni 
D)  ​Staphylococcus aureus 
E)  ​Norovirus

Question 13

Low-density lipoproteins, or LDL, are often referred to as "good" cholesterol.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Matching
-rectum ​

Accepted Answer

A) the oral cavity containing the tongue and teeth. 
B) the passageway leading from the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, respectively. 
C) a cartilage structure in the throat that prevents fluid or food from entering the trachea when a person swallows. 
D) the passageway from the mouth and nose to the lungs. 
E) the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.
F)the sphincter muscle at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach.
G)the sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine.
H)the organ that stores and concentrates bile.
I)a gland that secretes enzymes and digestive juices into the duodenum.
J)a 10-foot length of small-diameter (1-inch) intestine that is the major site of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.
K)the top portion of the small intestine.
L)the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum.
M)the last segment of the small intestine.
N)the sphincter muscle separating the small and large intestines.
O)the last portion of the intestine, which absorbs water.
P)a narrow blind sac extending from the beginning of the large intestine; stores lymphocytes.
Q)the muscular terminal part of the GI tract extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus.
R)the terminal sphincter muscle of the GI tract. 
A) the oral cavity containing the tongue and teeth. 
B) the passageway leading from the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, respectively. 
C) a cartilage structure in the throat that prevents fluid or food from entering the trachea when a person swallows. 
D) the passageway from the mouth and nose to the lungs. 
E) the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.
F)the sphincter muscle at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach.
G)the sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine.
H)the organ that stores and concentrates bile.
I)a gland that secretes enzymes and digestive juices into the duodenum.
J)a 10-foot length of small-diameter (1-inch) intestine that is the major site of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.
K)the top portion of the small intestine.
L)the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum.
M)the last segment of the small intestine.
N)the sphincter muscle separating the small and large intestines.
O)the last portion of the intestine, which absorbs water.
P)a narrow blind sac extending from the beginning of the large intestine; stores lymphocytes.
Q)the muscular terminal part of the GI tract extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus.
R)the terminal sphincter muscle of the GI tract.

Question 15

Identify the correct order of the digestive tract from beginning to end.

Accepted Answer

A)  stomach, mouth, large intestine 
B)  pharynx, rectum, stomach 
C)  lower esophageal sphincter, esophagus, rectum 
D)  mouth, stomach, anus 
E)  pharynx, large intestine, pyloric sphincter 
A)  stomach, mouth, large intestine 
B)  pharynx, rectum, stomach 
C)  lower esophageal sphincter, esophagus, rectum 
D)  mouth, stomach, anus 
E)  pharynx, large intestine, pyloric sphincter

Question 16

What is gastric juice composed of?

Accepted Answer

A)  water, enzymes, and hydrochloric acid 
B)  enzymes, water, and pancreatic acid 
C)  chylomicrons, water, and bile 
D)  hydrochloric acid, bile, and enzymes 
E)  hydrochloric acid, insulin, and bile 
A)  water, enzymes, and hydrochloric acid 
B)  enzymes, water, and pancreatic acid 
C)  chylomicrons, water, and bile 
D)  hydrochloric acid, bile, and enzymes 
E)  hydrochloric acid, insulin, and bile

Question 17

Which nutrients are digested in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrate, fat, and protein 
B)  fat, water, and fiber 
C)  protein, vitamins, and fiber 
D)  water, fiber, and minerals 
E)  carbohydrate, fat, and water 
A)  carbohydrate, fat, and protein 
B)  fat, water, and fiber 
C)  protein, vitamins, and fiber 
D)  water, fiber, and minerals 
E)  carbohydrate, fat, and water

Question 18

Involuntary muscle contractions move food through the intestinal tract. The movement that forces the contents back a few inches before pushing it forward again is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  segmentation. 
B)  rotation. 
C)  peristalsis. 
D)  liquefaction. 
E)  kneading. 
A)  segmentation. 
B)  rotation. 
C)  peristalsis. 
D)  liquefaction. 
E)  kneading.

Question 19

​After absorption, the larger fats and fat-soluble vitamins are first released into which transport system?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​excretory 
B)  ​mesentery 
C)  ​vascular 
D)  ​lymphatic 
E)  ​cardiovascular 
A)  ​excretory 
B)  ​mesentery 
C)  ​vascular 
D)  ​lymphatic 
E)  ​cardiovascular

Question 20

Matching
-large intestine ​

Accepted Answer

A) the oral cavity containing the tongue and teeth. 
B) the passageway leading from the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, respectively. 
C) a cartilage structure in the throat that prevents fluid or food from entering the trachea when a person swallows. 
D) the passageway from the mouth and nose to the lungs. 
E) the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.
F)the sphincter muscle at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach.
G)the sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine.
H)the organ that stores and concentrates bile.
I)a gland that secretes enzymes and digestive juices into the duodenum.
J)a 10-foot length of small-diameter (1-inch) intestine that is the major site of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.
K)the top portion of the small intestine.
L)the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum.
M)the last segment of the small intestine.
N)the sphincter muscle separating the small and large intestines.
O)the last portion of the intestine, which absorbs water.
P)a narrow blind sac extending from the beginning of the large intestine; stores lymphocytes.
Q)the muscular terminal part of the GI tract extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus.
R)the terminal sphincter muscle of the GI tract. 
A) the oral cavity containing the tongue and teeth. 
B) the passageway leading from the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, respectively. 
C) a cartilage structure in the throat that prevents fluid or food from entering the trachea when a person swallows. 
D) the passageway from the mouth and nose to the lungs. 
E) the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.
F)the sphincter muscle at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach.
G)the sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine.
H)the organ that stores and concentrates bile.
I)a gland that secretes enzymes and digestive juices into the duodenum.
J)a 10-foot length of small-diameter (1-inch) intestine that is the major site of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.
K)the top portion of the small intestine.
L)the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum.
M)the last segment of the small intestine.
N)the sphincter muscle separating the small and large intestines.
O)the last portion of the intestine, which absorbs water.
P)a narrow blind sac extending from the beginning of the large intestine; stores lymphocytes.
Q)the muscular terminal part of the GI tract extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus.
R)the terminal sphincter muscle of the GI tract.

Exam 2: Digestion and Absorption

The microscopic hairs that cover the surface of each cell lining the small intestine are called:​

Immediately before passing into the large intestine, the food mass must pass though the:

Matching -small intestine ​

Matching -pyloric sphincter ​

The movement of chyme from the stomach into the small intestine is regulated by the:

Where does the digestion of proteins begin and end?

Matching -gallbladder ​

The idea of "food-combining diets," or avoiding certain combinations of food, is valid- the digestive system cannot handle more than one task at a time.​

Matching -​jejunum

Matching -ileocecal valve ​

After the pancreatic juices have mixed with chyme in the intestine, the resulting mixture is:

Which of the following will cause a foodborne intoxication?​

Low-density lipoproteins, or LDL, are often referred to as "good" cholesterol.​

Matching -rectum ​

Identify the correct order of the digestive tract from beginning to end.

What is gastric juice composed of?

Which nutrients are digested in the small intestine?

Involuntary muscle contractions move food through the intestinal tract. The movement that forces the contents back a few inches before pushing it forward again is called:

​After absorption, the larger fats and fat-soluble vitamins are first released into which transport system?

Matching -large intestine ​

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management - Overweight and Underweight

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Nutrition Through the Life Span - Pregnancy and Infancy

Nutrition Through the Life Span - Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span - Later Adulthood

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention and Diet-Drug Interactions

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

Nutrition in Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Nutrition and Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Liver Diseases

Nutrition and Diabetes Mellitus

Nutrition and Disorders of the Heart and Blood Vessels

Nutrition and Renal Diseases

Nutrition - Cancer - and HIV Infection

Filters

The microscopic hairs that cover the surface of each cell lining the small intestine are called:

Matching -small intestine

Matching -pyloric sphincter

Matching -gallbladder

The idea of "food-combining diets," or avoiding certain combinations of food, is valid- the digestive system cannot handle more than one task at a time.

Matching -jejunum

Matching -ileocecal valve

Which of the following will cause a foodborne intoxication?

Low-density lipoproteins, or LDL, are often referred to as "good" cholesterol.

Matching -rectum

After absorption, the larger fats and fat-soluble vitamins are first released into which transport system?

Matching -large intestine