Exam 12: Body Defenses

Match the effects, labelled a. through c., with the statements. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.increases b.decreases c.has no effect on -Increased renin secretion __________ angiotensin I activation.

Which of these statements does NOT correctly describe atrial natriuretic peptide?

What is the energy required for glucose reabsorption used for?

Which of these factors does NOT contribute to the establishment of a vertical osmotic gradient in the interstitial fluid of the renal medulla?

Match the substances, labelled a. through f., with the processes listed. a.K⁺ b.glucose c.inulin d.plasma protein e.urea f.H⁺ -Indicate whether the portion of the tubule in question is permeable or impermeable to the substance in question. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a. permeable b. impermeableThe ascending limb of Henle's loop is ______________ to H₂O.The descending limb of Henle's loop is ______________ to H₂O.The vasa recta is ______________ to salt and ______________ to H₂O.The distal and collecting tubules in the absence of vasopressin are ______________ to H₂O.The distal and collecting tubules in the presence of vasopressin are ______________ to H₂O.

Why is tubular secretion important?

Glomerular filtration occurs by active transport of Na⁺, which then creates an osmotic gradient for the filtration of water.

Acute renal failure may be reversible, whereas chronic renal failure is not reversible.

a substance is reabsorbed, it moves from the tubular fluid into the peritubular capillaries.

The Bowman's capsule hydrostatic pressure opposes filtration.

The amount of glucose filtered is directly proportional to the plasma glucose concentration at all plasma glucose concentrations.

NaCl is actively transported from the descending limb of the loop of Henle to establish the medullary osmotic gradient.

Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?

The plasma clearance of the harmless foreign compound ____________________ is equal to the GFR.

Given the following data for substance X (GFR = 125 mL/min, T_m = 125 mg/min at a plasma concentration of 200 mg/100 mL), how much of substance X is filtered, is reabsorbed, and is excreted?

Which statement does NOT correctly apply to micturition?

Match the chemicals, .labelled a. through f., with their correct characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.renin b.angiotensinogen c.angiotensin I d.angiotensin II e.aldosterone f.atrial natriuretic peptide -directly stimulates Na⁺ reabsorption by the distal and collecting tubules

____________________ percent of the filtered H₂O is variably reabsorbed under the control of the hormone ____________________ in the distal and collecting tubules.

Which of these statements applies to renal excretion?

____________________ is an actively reabsorbed substance that does not have a tubular maximum for reabsorption.