Exam 12: Body Defenses

Match the correct statements about sodium reabsorption, labelled a. through c., with the characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.sodium reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules b.sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule c.sodium reabsorption coupled with chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle -important in the regulation of ECF volume

Match the renal structures or activities with the correct characteristics, labelled a. through p. a.collecting tubules empty into this structure b.stores the urine c.passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen d.carries blood to the glomerulus e.tuft of capillaries that forms the filtrate f.passage of protein-free plasma into Bowman's capsule g.urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis h.collects the glomerular filtrate i.passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries j.functional unit of the kidney k.supplies the renal tissue with O₂ and nutrients l.carries blood from one capillary network to another capillary network m.tube through which urine leaves the body n.variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control o.responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney p.glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here -proximal tubule

Match the renal structures or activities with the correct characteristics, labelled a. through p. a.collecting tubules empty into this structure b.stores the urine c.passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen d.carries blood to the glomerulus e.tuft of capillaries that forms the filtrate f.passage of protein-free plasma into Bowman's capsule g.urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis h.collects the glomerular filtrate i.passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries j.functional unit of the kidney k.supplies the renal tissue with O₂ and nutrients l.carries blood from one capillary network to another capillary network m.tube through which urine leaves the body n.variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control o.responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney p.glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here -nephron

Which of the following pertains to the ascending limb of the loop of Henle?

Match the renal structures or activities with the correct characteristics, labelled a. through p. a.collecting tubules empty into this structure b.stores the urine c.passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen d.carries blood to the glomerulus e.tuft of capillaries that forms the filtrate f.passage of protein-free plasma into Bowman's capsule g.urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis h.collects the glomerular filtrate i.passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries j.functional unit of the kidney k.supplies the renal tissue with O₂ and nutrients l.carries blood from one capillary network to another capillary network m.tube through which urine leaves the body n.variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control o.responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney p.glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here -distal and collecting tubules

The tubular fluid is ____________________ as it enters Bowman's capsule, ____________________ at the beginning of the loop of Henle, ____________________ at the tip of the loop, and ____________________ as it leaves the loop to enter the distal tubule.

Which of the following happens when blood volume becomes abnormally low?

Angiotensinogen is produced by the kidney.

Indicate whether the factors in question would ultimately lead to an increase (a.) or a decrease (b.) in Na⁺ reabsorption by means of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.an increase in Na⁺ reabsorption b.a decrease in Na⁺ reabsorption -a reduction in ECF volume

In the tubular segments permeable to H₂O, solute reabsorption is always accompanied by comparable H₂O reabsorption.

A plasma clearance of 135 mL/min for a substance when the GFR is 125 mL/min indicates that net secretion of the substance occurs.

Which of these statements does NOT correctly describe urea?

A plasma clearance of 135 mL/min for a substance when the GFR is 125 mL/min indicates that net secretion of the substance occurs.

Match the correct statements about sodium reabsorption, labelled a. through c., with the characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.sodium reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules b.sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule c.sodium reabsorption coupled with chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle -represents 8 percent of Na⁺ reabsorbed

How does urine move from the kidneys to the urinary bladder through the ureters?

Glomerular filtration occurs primarily by active transport.

Which of the following does NOT play a role in Na⁺ reabsorption?

Which statement does NOT correctly describe the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

Which of these actions does NOT occur during the micturition reflex in a baby?

What is the location of the Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase transport system that plays a pivotal role in much of tubular reabsorption?