Question 1

Which of these substances is NOT reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubule?

Accepted Answer

A) sodium 
B) lipids 
C)  glucose 
D)  water 
A) sodium 
B) lipids 
C)  glucose 
D)  water

Question 2

Which of these statements correctly applies to water reabsorption?

Accepted Answer

A) It is under the control of vasopressin throughout the length of the nephron. 
B) The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is always impermeable to water. 
C)  Vasopressin makes the distal and collecting tubules impermeable to water. 
D)  Fifteen percent of the filtered water osmotically follows the absorption of Na+ and other solutes in the proximal tubule. 
A) It is under the control of vasopressin throughout the length of the nephron. 
B) The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is always impermeable to water. 
C)  Vasopressin makes the distal and collecting tubules impermeable to water. 
D)  Fifteen percent of the filtered water osmotically follows the absorption of Na+ and other solutes in the proximal tubule.

Question 3

Autoregulation is important to prevent unintentional shifts in the GFR that could lead to dangerous imbalances of fluid, electrolytes, and wastes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The glomerular capillary wall contains filtration slits formed by the clefts between the foot processes of adjacent podocytes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which part of the juxtamedullary nephron is responsible for establishing the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A) collecting duct 
B) afferent arteriole 
C)  loop of Henle 
D)  juxtaglomerular apparatus 
A) collecting duct 
B) afferent arteriole 
C)  loop of Henle 
D)  juxtaglomerular apparatus

Question 6

The three major processes involved in urine formation are filtration, reabsorption, and excretion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Urine is eliminated from the bladder through the ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Urine is eliminated from the bladder through...

Question 8

The plasma clearance of a substance can be used to calculate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) if that substance is freely filtered at the glomerulus and _____________

Accepted Answer

A) secreted and reabsorbed by the tubules. 
B) neither reabsorbed nor secreted by the tubules. 
C)  secreted by the tubules but not reabsorbed by the tubules. 
D)  reabsorbed by the tubules but not secreted by the tubules. 
A) secreted and reabsorbed by the tubules. 
B) neither reabsorbed nor secreted by the tubules. 
C)  secreted by the tubules but not reabsorbed by the tubules. 
D)  reabsorbed by the tubules but not secreted by the tubules.

Question 9

Which statement applies correctly to dehydration?

Accepted Answer

A) Fluid lost during respiration is decreased in cold, dry environments such as those in Canada. 
B) Peripheral constriction can lead to increased dieresis, which increases the rate of onset of dehydration. 
C)  Previous research on winter athletes has found that they never have problems with dehydration during intense outdoor exercise. 
D)  Dehydration will make the body's fluid concentration more hypotonic. 
A) Fluid lost during respiration is decreased in cold, dry environments such as those in Canada. 
B) Peripheral constriction can lead to increased dieresis, which increases the rate of onset of dehydration. 
C)  Previous research on winter athletes has found that they never have problems with dehydration during intense outdoor exercise. 
D)  Dehydration will make the body's fluid concentration more hypotonic.

Question 10

The glomerular capillary blood pressure in the nephron is 78 mmHg. The Bowman's capsular hydrostatic pressure is 24 mmHg. The colloidal osmotic pressure is 18 mmHg. What is the net filtration pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) 18 mmHg 
B) 26 mmHg 
C)  36 mmHg 
D)  42 mmHg 
A) 18 mmHg 
B) 26 mmHg 
C)  36 mmHg 
D)  42 mmHg

Question 11

If a kidney stone blocked the renal pelvis and consequently caused a buildup of fluid pressure in the tubules and Bowman's capsule, the net filtration pressure across the glomerular capillary membrane would increase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Match the correct statements about sodium reabsorption, labelled a. through c., with the characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.sodium reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules
b.sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule
c.sodium reabsorption coupled with chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle
-represents 25 percent of Na+ reabsorbed

Accepted Answer

Question 13

Which statement is NOT attributable to atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)?

Accepted Answer

A) It is released from the cardiac atria when the ECF volume is reduced. 
B) It inhibits Na+ reabsorption in the distal parts of the nephron. 
C)  It inhibits renin secretion by the kidneys. 
D)  It inhibits aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex. 
A) It is released from the cardiac atria when the ECF volume is reduced. 
B) It inhibits Na+ reabsorption in the distal parts of the nephron. 
C)  It inhibits renin secretion by the kidneys. 
D)  It inhibits aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex.

Question 14

The receptor sites for vasopressin binding are located on the basolateral border, yet the end result is an increase in H2O permeability of the luminal border of the tubular cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Because of autoregulation, changes in mean arterial blood pressure between the range of 80 to 180 mmHg do not directly produce changes in the GFR.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The average rate of urine formation is 1 mL/min.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

By tubular secretion, substances leave the blood and enter the tubular portion of the nephron.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Match the effects, labelled a. through c., with the statements. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.increases
b.decreases
c.has no effect on
-Increased vasopressin secretion __________ Na+ reabsorption.

Accepted Answer

Question 19

Vasa recta are associated with which of the following structures?

Accepted Answer

A) afferent arterioles 
B) efferent arterioles 
C)  cortical nephrons 
D)  juxtamedullary nephrons 
A) afferent arterioles 
B) efferent arterioles 
C)  cortical nephrons 
D)  juxtamedullary nephrons

Question 20

The micturition reflex centre is located in the ____________________ region of the spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The micturition reflex centre is located in...

Which of these substances is NOT reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubule?

Which of these statements correctly applies to water reabsorption?

Autoregulation is important to prevent unintentional shifts in the GFR that could lead to dangerous imbalances of fluid, electrolytes, and wastes.

The glomerular capillary wall contains filtration slits formed by the clefts between the foot processes of adjacent podocytes.

Which part of the juxtamedullary nephron is responsible for establishing the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney?

The three major processes involved in urine formation are filtration, reabsorption, and excretion.

Urine is eliminated from the bladder through the ____________________.

The plasma clearance of a substance can be used to calculate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) if that substance is freely filtered at the glomerulus and _____________

Which statement applies correctly to dehydration?

The glomerular capillary blood pressure in the nephron is 78 mmHg. The Bowman's capsular hydrostatic pressure is 24 mmHg. The colloidal osmotic pressure is 18 mmHg. What is the net filtration pressure?

If a kidney stone blocked the renal pelvis and consequently caused a buildup of fluid pressure in the tubules and Bowman's capsule, the net filtration pressure across the glomerular capillary membrane would increase.

Which statement is NOT attributable to atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)?

The receptor sites for vasopressin binding are located on the basolateral border, yet the end result is an increase in H₂O permeability of the luminal border of the tubular cells.

Because of autoregulation, changes in mean arterial blood pressure between the range of 80 to 180 mmHg do not directly produce changes in the GFR.

The average rate of urine formation is 1 mL/min.

By tubular secretion, substances leave the blood and enter the tubular portion of the nephron.

Match the effects, labelled a. through c., with the statements. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.increases b.decreases c.has no effect on -Increased vasopressin secretion __________ Na⁺ reabsorption.

Vasa recta are associated with which of the following structures?

The micturition reflex centre is located in the ____________________ region of the spinal cord.

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acidbase Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

Filters

Exam 12: Body Defenses

Which of these substances is NOT reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubule?

Which of these statements correctly applies to water reabsorption?

Autoregulation is important to prevent unintentional shifts in the GFR that could lead to dangerous imbalances of fluid, electrolytes, and wastes.

The glomerular capillary wall contains filtration slits formed by the clefts between the foot processes of adjacent podocytes.

Which part of the juxtamedullary nephron is responsible for establishing the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney?

The three major processes involved in urine formation are filtration, reabsorption, and excretion.

Urine is eliminated from the bladder through the ____________________.

The plasma clearance of a substance can be used to calculate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) if that substance is freely filtered at the glomerulus and _____________

Which statement applies correctly to dehydration?

The glomerular capillary blood pressure in the nephron is 78 mmHg. The Bowman's capsular hydrostatic pressure is 24 mmHg. The colloidal osmotic pressure is 18 mmHg. What is the net filtration pressure?

If a kidney stone blocked the renal pelvis and consequently caused a buildup of fluid pressure in the tubules and Bowman's capsule, the net filtration pressure across the glomerular capillary membrane would increase.

Which statement is NOT attributable to atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)?

The receptor sites for vasopressin binding are located on the basolateral border, yet the end result is an increase in H2O permeability of the luminal border of the tubular cells.

Because of autoregulation, changes in mean arterial blood pressure between the range of 80 to 180 mmHg do not directly produce changes in the GFR.

The average rate of urine formation is 1 mL/min.

By tubular secretion, substances leave the blood and enter the tubular portion of the nephron.

Match the effects, labelled a. through c., with the statements. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.increases b.decreases c.has no effect on -Increased vasopressin secretion __________ Na+ reabsorption.

Vasa recta are associated with which of the following structures?

The micturition reflex centre is located in the ____________________ region of the spinal cord.

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acidbase Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

Filters

The receptor sites for vasopressin binding are located on the basolateral border, yet the end result is an increase in H₂O permeability of the luminal border of the tubular cells.

Match the effects, labelled a. through c., with the statements. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.increases b.decreases c.has no effect on -Increased vasopressin secretion __________ Na⁺ reabsorption.