Question 1

One can deliberately prevent urination in spite of the micturition reflex by voluntarily inhibiting the parasympathetic supply to the bladder to halt bladder contraction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

What is the normal glucose concentration in the plasma in units of mg per 100 mL?

Accepted Answer

A) 30 mg/100 mL 
B) 60 mg/100 mL 
C)  100 mg/100 mL 
D)  180 mg/100 mL 
A) 30 mg/100 mL 
B) 60 mg/100 mL 
C)  100 mg/100 mL 
D)  180 mg/100 mL

Question 3

The micturition reflex controls bladder emptying in adults.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which statement applies to plasma clearance?

Accepted Answer

A) It is the time required to filter blood in the glomerulus. 
B) It is the amount of a substance appearing in the urine in one minute. 
C)  It is the amount of a substance filtered in one minute. 
D)  It is the volume of plasma that is completely cleared of a substance by the kidneys in one minute. 
A) It is the time required to filter blood in the glomerulus. 
B) It is the amount of a substance appearing in the urine in one minute. 
C)  It is the amount of a substance filtered in one minute. 
D)  It is the volume of plasma that is completely cleared of a substance by the kidneys in one minute.

Question 5

In active reabsorption, all of the steps involved in transepithelial transport are active.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which statement does NOT correctly describe the tubular maximum (Tm)?

Accepted Answer

A) It is the maximum amount of a substance that the tubular cells can actively transport within a given time period. 
B) It is the maximum rate at which a substance is filtered at the glomerulus. 
C)  It occurs when the membrane carrier becomes saturated. 
D)  It is the maximum amount of a substance that can be reabsorbed by the renal tubules. 
A) It is the maximum amount of a substance that the tubular cells can actively transport within a given time period. 
B) It is the maximum rate at which a substance is filtered at the glomerulus. 
C)  It occurs when the membrane carrier becomes saturated. 
D)  It is the maximum amount of a substance that can be reabsorbed by the renal tubules.

Question 7

Urea is passively reabsorbed down the osmotic gradient created by active Na+ reabsorption.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The driving force for H2O reabsorption across all permeable segments of the kidney tubule is an osmotic gradient.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Match the substances, labelled a. through f., with the processes listed.
a.KS1U1P1+S1S1P0
b.glucose
c.inulin
d.plasma protein
e.urea
f.HS1U1P1+S1S1P0
-filtered but not reabsorbed or secreted

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the substances, labelled a. through f.,...

Question 10

Match the chemicals, .labelled a. through f., with their correct characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.renin
b.angiotensinogen
c.angiotensin I
d.angiotensin II
e.aldosterone
f.atrial natriuretic peptide
-potent constrictor of arterioles

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the chemicals, .labelled a. through f.,...

Question 11

Which of the following would decrease the GFR?

Accepted Answer

A) a fall in plasma protein concentration 
B) an obstruction such as a kidney stone in the tubular system 
C)  vasodilation of the afferent arterioles 
D)  a high hydrostatic pressure 
A) a fall in plasma protein concentration 
B) an obstruction such as a kidney stone in the tubular system 
C)  vasodilation of the afferent arterioles 
D)  a high hydrostatic pressure

Question 12

The liver converts many foreign organic compounds into an anionic form that can be secreted by the organic anion secretory system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Match the correct statements about sodium reabsorption, labelled a. through c., with the characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.sodium reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules
b.sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule
c.sodium reabsorption coupled with chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle
-subject to hormonal control

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the correct statements about sodium reabsorption,...

Question 14

What happens to tubular secretion when the extracellular fluid becomes too acidic?

Accepted Answer

A) No ionic substance is affected. 
B) Hydrogen ions decrease. 
C)  Hydrogen ions increase. 
D)  Sodium ions decrease. 
A) No ionic substance is affected. 
B) Hydrogen ions decrease. 
C)  Hydrogen ions increase. 
D)  Sodium ions decrease.

Question 15

Match the chemicals, .labelled a. through f., with their correct characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.renin
b.angiotensinogen
c.angiotensin I
d.angiotensin II
e.aldosterone
f.atrial natriuretic peptide
-acted upon by renin

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the chemicals, .labelled a. through f.,...

Question 16

Aldosterone promotes water reabsorption by controlling the reabsorption of salt.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

One can deliberately prevent urination in spite of the micturition reflex by voluntarily inhibiting the parasympathetic supply to the bladder to halt bladder contraction.

What is the normal glucose concentration in the plasma in units of mg per 100 mL?

The micturition reflex controls bladder emptying in adults.

Which statement applies to plasma clearance?

In active reabsorption, all of the steps involved in transepithelial transport are active.

Which statement does NOT correctly describe the tubular maximum (T_m)?

Urea is passively reabsorbed down the osmotic gradient created by active Na⁺ reabsorption.

The driving force for H₂O reabsorption across all permeable segments of the kidney tubule is an osmotic gradient.

Match the substances, labelled a. through f., with the processes listed. a.K⁺ b.glucose c.inulin d.plasma protein e.urea f.H⁺ -filtered but not reabsorbed or secreted

Match the chemicals, .labelled a. through f., with their correct characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.renin b.angiotensinogen c.angiotensin I d.angiotensin II e.aldosterone f.atrial natriuretic peptide -potent constrictor of arterioles

Which of the following would decrease the GFR?

The liver converts many foreign organic compounds into an anionic form that can be secreted by the organic anion secretory system.

What happens to tubular secretion when the extracellular fluid becomes too acidic?

Match the chemicals, .labelled a. through f., with their correct characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.renin b.angiotensinogen c.angiotensin I d.angiotensin II e.aldosterone f.atrial natriuretic peptide -acted upon by renin

Aldosterone promotes water reabsorption by controlling the reabsorption of salt.

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acidbase Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

Filters

Exam 12: Body Defenses

One can deliberately prevent urination in spite of the micturition reflex by voluntarily inhibiting the parasympathetic supply to the bladder to halt bladder contraction.

What is the normal glucose concentration in the plasma in units of mg per 100 mL?

The micturition reflex controls bladder emptying in adults.

Which statement applies to plasma clearance?

In active reabsorption, all of the steps involved in transepithelial transport are active.

Which statement does NOT correctly describe the tubular maximum (Tm)?

Urea is passively reabsorbed down the osmotic gradient created by active Na+ reabsorption.

The driving force for H2O reabsorption across all permeable segments of the kidney tubule is an osmotic gradient.

Match the substances, labelled a. through f., with the processes listed. a.K+ b.glucose c.inulin d.plasma protein e.urea f.H+ -filtered but not reabsorbed or secreted

Match the chemicals, .labelled a. through f., with their correct characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.renin b.angiotensinogen c.angiotensin I d.angiotensin II e.aldosterone f.atrial natriuretic peptide -potent constrictor of arterioles

Which of the following would decrease the GFR?

The liver converts many foreign organic compounds into an anionic form that can be secreted by the organic anion secretory system.

What happens to tubular secretion when the extracellular fluid becomes too acidic?

Match the chemicals, .labelled a. through f., with their correct characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.renin b.angiotensinogen c.angiotensin I d.angiotensin II e.aldosterone f.atrial natriuretic peptide -acted upon by renin

Aldosterone promotes water reabsorption by controlling the reabsorption of salt.

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acidbase Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

Filters

Which statement does NOT correctly describe the tubular maximum (T_m)?

Urea is passively reabsorbed down the osmotic gradient created by active Na⁺ reabsorption.

The driving force for H₂O reabsorption across all permeable segments of the kidney tubule is an osmotic gradient.

Match the substances, labelled a. through f., with the processes listed. a.K⁺ b.glucose c.inulin d.plasma protein e.urea f.H⁺ -filtered but not reabsorbed or secreted