Question 1

If an infection is just beginning, the organisms most likely to be present are:

Accepted Answer

A)  gram-positive cocci. 
B)  gram-negative cocci. 
C)  gram-positive anaerobes. 
D)  gram-negative anaerobes. 
A)  gram-positive cocci. 
B)  gram-negative cocci. 
C)  gram-positive anaerobes. 
D)  gram-negative anaerobes.

Question 2

Aminoglycosides:

Accepted Answer

A)  are bacteriostatic. 
B)  are used primarily to treat aerobic gram-negative infections when other agents are ineffective. 
C)  are indicated for stage 1 infections. 
D)  inhibit cell wall synthesis. 
A)  are bacteriostatic. 
B)  are used primarily to treat aerobic gram-negative infections when other agents are ineffective. 
C)  are indicated for stage 1 infections. 
D)  inhibit cell wall synthesis.

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true concerning clindamycin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clindamycin is distributed throughout most body tissues, including bone. 
B)  Cross-resistance between clindamycin and erythromycin is often noted. 
C)  The indications for treatment with clindamycin are limited to a number of infections caused by aerobic organisms. 
D)  Both a and b are true. 
E)  Both b and c are true. 
A)  Clindamycin is distributed throughout most body tissues, including bone. 
B)  Cross-resistance between clindamycin and erythromycin is often noted. 
C)  The indications for treatment with clindamycin are limited to a number of infections caused by aerobic organisms. 
D)  Both a and b are true. 
E)  Both b and c are true.

Question 4

When a patient with a stage 1 infection is allergic to penicillin V, the best alternative would be:

Accepted Answer

A)  penicillin G or ampicillin. 
B)  erythromycin ethylsuccinate or clindamycin. 
C)  tetracycline or metronidazole. 
D)  vancomycin. 
A)  penicillin G or ampicillin. 
B)  erythromycin ethylsuccinate or clindamycin. 
C)  tetracycline or metronidazole. 
D)  vancomycin.

Question 5

Which of the following conditions is the most common adverse reaction from the administration of erythromycin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anaphylaxis 
B)  Skin rash 
C)  Gastrointestinal effects 
D)  Miosis 
A)  Anaphylaxis 
B)  Skin rash 
C)  Gastrointestinal effects 
D)  Miosis

Question 6

Which of the following antibiotics is associated with pseudomembranous colitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Penicillin 
B)  Erythromycin 
C)  Clindamycin 
D)  Metronidazole 
A)  Penicillin 
B)  Erythromycin 
C)  Clindamycin 
D)  Metronidazole

Question 7

Which of the following agents is the drug of first choice against infections caused by aerobic microorganisms in penicillin-allergic patients?

Accepted Answer

A)  Metronidazole 
B)  Erythromycin 
C)  Doxycycline 
D)  Clindamycin 
A)  Metronidazole 
B)  Erythromycin 
C)  Doxycycline 
D)  Clindamycin

Question 8

The usual adult dose of penicillin V for treatment of an infection is:

Accepted Answer

A)  250 mg twice a day (bid). 
B)  250 mg four times a day (qid). 
C)  500 mg twice a day (bid). 
D)  500 mg four times a day (qid). 
A)  250 mg twice a day (bid). 
B)  250 mg four times a day (qid). 
C)  500 mg twice a day (bid). 
D)  500 mg four times a day (qid).

Question 9

Which of the following statements is true concerning infection and host resistance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Host resistance should be considered as having both local and systemic components. 
B)  Drugs such as steroids are capable of reducing a patient's immunity. 
C)  Juvenile diabetes may reduce a patient's immunity; however, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)does not reduce immunity. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  Both b and c 
A)  Host resistance should be considered as having both local and systemic components. 
B)  Drugs such as steroids are capable of reducing a patient's immunity. 
C)  Juvenile diabetes may reduce a patient's immunity; however, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)does not reduce immunity. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  Both b and c

Question 10

Which of these agents do not inhibit bacterial cell-wall synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vancomycin 
B)  Erythromycin 
C)  Penicillin G 
D)  Cefazolin 
A)  Vancomycin 
B)  Erythromycin 
C)  Penicillin G 
D)  Cefazolin

Question 11

Clavulanic acid is:

Accepted Answer

A)  a bacteriostatic antibiotic. 
B)  a bactericidal antibiotic. 
C)  a β-lactamase inhibitor. 
D)  both a and c. 
E)  both b and c. 
A)  a bacteriostatic antibiotic. 
B)  a bactericidal antibiotic. 
C)  a β-lactamase inhibitor. 
D)  both a and c. 
E)  both b and c.

Question 12

Antiinfectives are not needed in oral cavity infections if drainage of the infected area can be established.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following choices is the dental hygienist's biggest dental problem in the adult patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Caries 
B)  Periodontal disease 
C)  Localized dental infection 
D)  Systemic dental infection 
A)  Caries 
B)  Periodontal disease 
C)  Localized dental infection 
D)  Systemic dental infection

Question 14

Which of the following statements is true concerning the pharmacokinetics of erythromycin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Erythromycin is broken down in gastric fluid and absorbed through the stomach wall. 
B)  Erythromycin is not available in a topical preparation because of allergenicity. 
C)  Erythromycin is available in oral but not injectable forms. 
D)  Erythromycin should be administered 2 hours before or 2 hours after meals. 
A)  Erythromycin is broken down in gastric fluid and absorbed through the stomach wall. 
B)  Erythromycin is not available in a topical preparation because of allergenicity. 
C)  Erythromycin is available in oral but not injectable forms. 
D)  Erythromycin should be administered 2 hours before or 2 hours after meals.

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true of the cephalosporins?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are active against gram-positive but not gram-negative organisms. 
B)  Those available for oral use are susceptible to penicillinase. 
C)  They are bacteriostatic. 
D)  Their mechanism of action is inhibition of cell wall synthesis. 
A)  They are active against gram-positive but not gram-negative organisms. 
B)  Those available for oral use are susceptible to penicillinase. 
C)  They are bacteriostatic. 
D)  Their mechanism of action is inhibition of cell wall synthesis.

Question 16

Superinfection is more often caused by _____-spectrum antibiotics and increases when taken for a _____ time period.

Accepted Answer

A)  narrow; shorter 
B)  narrow; longer 
C)  broad; shorter 
D)  broad; longer 
A)  narrow; shorter 
B)  narrow; longer 
C)  broad; shorter 
D)  broad; longer

Question 17

Administration of metronidazole for dental infections during pregnancy is:

Accepted Answer

A)  contraindicated. 
B)  permitted only during the second trimester. 
C)  permitted during the last half of pregnancy. 
D)  permitted without restriction. 
A)  contraindicated. 
B)  permitted only during the second trimester. 
C)  permitted during the last half of pregnancy. 
D)  permitted without restriction.

Question 18

Which of the following are true of a stage 3 infection? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Most patients will require the use of antibiotics. 
B)  The infection contains both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. 
C)  Clindamycin and metronidazole are useful antibiotics. 
D)  The organisms have coalesced into one area. 
A)  Most patients will require the use of antibiotics. 
B)  The infection contains both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. 
C)  Clindamycin and metronidazole are useful antibiotics. 
D)  The organisms have coalesced into one area.

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true concerning a culture and sensitivity test?

Accepted Answer

A)  An antibiotic disk with a zone around it shows sensitivity. 
B)  An antibiotic disk with no zone around it shows sensitivity. 
C)  Antibiotic therapy should not be initiated until the results of the test are available. 
D)  One to two weeks are required before the results of this test are available. 
A)  An antibiotic disk with a zone around it shows sensitivity. 
B)  An antibiotic disk with no zone around it shows sensitivity. 
C)  Antibiotic therapy should not be initiated until the results of the test are available. 
D)  One to two weeks are required before the results of this test are available.

Question 20

Which of the following salts of penicillin G produces the most rapid and highest blood level?

Accepted Answer

A)  Potassium salt given intravenously 
B)  Potassium salt given intramuscularly 
C)  Benzathine salt given intramuscularly 
D)  Procaine salt intramuscularly 
A)  Potassium salt given intravenously 
B)  Potassium salt given intramuscularly 
C)  Benzathine salt given intramuscularly 
D)  Procaine salt intramuscularly

Exam 7: Antiinfective Agents

If an infection is just beginning, the organisms most likely to be present are:

Aminoglycosides:

Which of the following statements is true concerning clindamycin?

When a patient with a stage 1 infection is allergic to penicillin V, the best alternative would be:

Which of the following conditions is the most common adverse reaction from the administration of erythromycin?

Which of the following antibiotics is associated with pseudomembranous colitis?

Which of the following agents is the drug of first choice against infections caused by aerobic microorganisms in penicillin-allergic patients?

The usual adult dose of penicillin V for treatment of an infection is:

Which of the following statements is true concerning infection and host resistance?

Which of these agents do not inhibit bacterial cell-wall synthesis?

Clavulanic acid is:

Antiinfectives are not needed in oral cavity infections if drainage of the infected area can be established.

Which of the following choices is the dental hygienist's biggest dental problem in the adult patient?

Which of the following statements is true concerning the pharmacokinetics of erythromycin?

Which of the following statements is true of the cephalosporins?

Superinfection is more often caused by _____-spectrum antibiotics and increases when taken for a _____ time period.

Administration of metronidazole for dental infections during pregnancy is:

Which of the following are true of a stage 3 infection? (Select all that apply.)

Which of the following statements is true concerning a culture and sensitivity test?

Which of the following salts of penicillin G produces the most rapid and highest blood level?

Information Sources, Regulatory Agencies, Drug Legislation, and Prescription Writing

Drug Action and Handling

Adverse Reactions

Autonomic Drugs

Nonopioid (Nonnarcotic)Analgesics

Opioid (Narcotic)Analgesics and Antagonists

Antifungal and Antiviral Agents

Local Anesthetics

General Anesthetics

Antianxiety Agents

Oral Conditions and Their Treatment

Hygiene-Related Oral Disorders

Drugs for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease

Drugs for the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Disorders

Drugs for the Treatment of Seizure Disorders

Drugs for the Treatment of Central Nervous System Disorders

Adrenocorticosteroids

Drugs for the Treatment of Respiratory Disorders

Drugs for the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis

Drugs for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

Drugs for the Treatment of Other Endocrine Disorders

Antineoplastic Drugs

Emergency Drugs

Pregnancy and Breast Feeding

Drug Abuse

Natural/Herbal Products and Dietary Supplements

Filters

Superinfection is more often caused by _-spectrum antibiotics and increases when taken for a _ time period.