Question 1

Quinolones:

Accepted Answer

A)  must be administered parenterally and cannot be taken orally. 
B)  have no use in dentistry. 
C)  are bactericidal against most gram-negative organisms and many gram-positive organisms. 
D)  have cross-resistance with many other antimicrobial agents. 
A)  must be administered parenterally and cannot be taken orally. 
B)  have no use in dentistry. 
C)  are bactericidal against most gram-negative organisms and many gram-positive organisms. 
D)  have cross-resistance with many other antimicrobial agents.

Question 2

Which of the following antiinfective agents is bacteriostatic rather than bactericidal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cephalosporins 
B)  Metronidazole 
C)  Penicillins 
D)  Tetracyclines 
E)  Vancomycin 
A)  Cephalosporins 
B)  Metronidazole 
C)  Penicillins 
D)  Tetracyclines 
E)  Vancomycin

Question 3

Which of the following are true about sulfamethoxazole (SMX)and trimethoprim (TMP)? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  They are bactericidal. 
B)  They act by sequential inhibition of folic acid synthesis. 
C)  They are used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs). 
D)  They are often used to treat refractory periodontitis. 
A)  They are bactericidal. 
B)  They act by sequential inhibition of folic acid synthesis. 
C)  They are used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs). 
D)  They are often used to treat refractory periodontitis.

Question 4

_____ is the drug of choice for prophylaxis to prevent bacterial endocarditis before a dental procedure.

Accepted Answer

A)  Penicillin G 
B)  Penicillin V 
C)  Ampicillin 
D)  Amoxicillin 
A)  Penicillin G 
B)  Penicillin V 
C)  Ampicillin 
D)  Amoxicillin

Question 5

Antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent endocarditis is considered reasonable for which of the following dental procedures?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oral radiographs 
B)  Routine anesthetic injections through uninfected tissues 
C)  Routine prophylaxis 
D)  Shedding of deciduous teeth 
A)  Oral radiographs 
B)  Routine anesthetic injections through uninfected tissues 
C)  Routine prophylaxis 
D)  Shedding of deciduous teeth

Question 6

An erythematous rash on the face and upper body known as red man syndrome is associated with use of which of the following antimicrobial agents?

Accepted Answer

A)  Augmentin 
B)  Metronidazole 
C)  Vancomycin 
D)  Chloramphenicol 
A)  Augmentin 
B)  Metronidazole 
C)  Vancomycin 
D)  Chloramphenicol

Question 7

Which of the following combinations of three drugs are administered concurrently in all active cases of tuberculosis (TB)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pyrazinamide (PZ
A) , rifapentine, and Rifater 
B)  Isoniazid (INH), rifampin, and pyrazinamide 
C)  Ethambutol, isoniazid (INH), and Rifater 
D)  Rifampin, PZA, and streptomycin 
A)  Pyrazinamide (PZ
A) , rifapentine, and Rifater 
B)  Isoniazid (INH), rifampin, and pyrazinamide 
C)  Ethambutol, isoniazid (INH), and Rifater 
D)  Rifampin, PZA, and streptomycin

Question 8

The most common adverse reaction to the sulfonamides is:

Accepted Answer

A)  liver damage. 
B)  suppressed renal function. 
C)  an allergic skin reaction. 
D)  blood dyscrasias. 
A)  liver damage. 
B)  suppressed renal function. 
C)  an allergic skin reaction. 
D)  blood dyscrasias.

Question 9

Infective endocarditis prophylaxis with an antiinfective is indicated for patients who have had:

Accepted Answer

A)  coronary artery bypass surgery. 
B)  a prosthetic heart valve. 
C)  functional murmur. 
D)  a cardiac pacemaker. 
A)  coronary artery bypass surgery. 
B)  a prosthetic heart valve. 
C)  functional murmur. 
D)  a cardiac pacemaker.

Question 10

Which agent inhibits DNA gyrase?

Accepted Answer

A)  Penicillin G 
B)  Erythromycin 
C)  Metronidazole 
D)  Ciprofloxacin 
A)  Penicillin G 
B)  Erythromycin 
C)  Metronidazole 
D)  Ciprofloxacin

Question 11

Some studies indicate that _____% of patients receiving penicillin will have an allergic reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.05 to 0.10 
B)  0.5 to 1 
C)  5 to 10 
D)  20 to 25 
A)  0.05 to 0.10 
B)  0.5 to 1 
C)  5 to 10 
D)  20 to 25

Question 12

Which of the following antimicrobial agents is associated with ototoxicity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vancomycin 
B)  Aminoglycosides 
C)  Nitrofurantoin 
D)  Quinolones 
A)  Vancomycin 
B)  Aminoglycosides 
C)  Nitrofurantoin 
D)  Quinolones

Question 13

The possibility of superinfection can be minimized by use of the _____ specific antiinfective agent, the _____ effective course of therapy, and adequate doses.

Accepted Answer

A)  least; shortest 
B)  least; longest 
C)  most; shortest 
D)  most; longest 
A)  least; shortest 
B)  least; longest 
C)  most; shortest 
D)  most; longest

Question 14

Which of the following agents is the drug of choice for an early dental infection unless the patient is allergic to it?

Accepted Answer

A)  Erythromycin 
B)  Clindamycin 
C)  Penicillin 
D)  Metronidazole 
A)  Erythromycin 
B)  Clindamycin 
C)  Penicillin 
D)  Metronidazole

Question 15

Metronidazole has antiinflammatory activity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The disease-producing power of the microorganism is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  resistance. 
B)  superinfection. 
C)  infection. 
D)  virulence. 
A)  resistance. 
B)  superinfection. 
C)  infection. 
D)  virulence.

Question 17

Azithromycin and clarithromycin:

Accepted Answer

A)  cause lysis of the bacterial cell wall. 
B)  are not effective against anaerobes. 
C)  have a higher incidence of adverse reactions than erythromycin. 
D)  may be used as alternative antibiotics for the prophylaxis of endocarditis and prosthetic joint infections. 
A)  cause lysis of the bacterial cell wall. 
B)  are not effective against anaerobes. 
C)  have a higher incidence of adverse reactions than erythromycin. 
D)  may be used as alternative antibiotics for the prophylaxis of endocarditis and prosthetic joint infections.

Question 18

Penicillinase inactivates the penicillin moiety by:

Accepted Answer

A)  sublimation. 
B)  desiccation. 
C)  cleaving the b-lactam ring. 
D)  cleaving the S-containing thiazolidine ring. 
A)  sublimation. 
B)  desiccation. 
C)  cleaving the b-lactam ring. 
D)  cleaving the S-containing thiazolidine ring.

Question 19

Antiinfective agents can potentiate the effect of oral anticoagulants by interfering with the production of vitamin:

Accepted Answer

A)  A. 
B)  D. 
C)  E. 
D)  K. 
A)  A. 
B)  D. 
C)  E. 
D)  K.

Question 20

The drug whose future use may include organisms found in periodontal disease is:

Accepted Answer

A)  ofloxacin. 
B)  sulfamethoxazole. 
C)  macrodantin. 
D)  streptomycin. 
A)  ofloxacin. 
B)  sulfamethoxazole. 
C)  macrodantin. 
D)  streptomycin.

Exam 7: Antiinfective Agents

Quinolones:

Which of the following antiinfective agents is bacteriostatic rather than bactericidal?

Which of the following are true about sulfamethoxazole (SMX)and trimethoprim (TMP)? (Select all that apply.)

_____ is the drug of choice for prophylaxis to prevent bacterial endocarditis before a dental procedure.

Antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent endocarditis is considered reasonable for which of the following dental procedures?

An erythematous rash on the face and upper body known as red man syndrome is associated with use of which of the following antimicrobial agents?

Which of the following combinations of three drugs are administered concurrently in all active cases of tuberculosis (TB)?

The most common adverse reaction to the sulfonamides is:

Infective endocarditis prophylaxis with an antiinfective is indicated for patients who have had:

Which agent inhibits DNA gyrase?

Some studies indicate that _____% of patients receiving penicillin will have an allergic reaction.

Which of the following antimicrobial agents is associated with ototoxicity?

The possibility of superinfection can be minimized by use of the _____ specific antiinfective agent, the _____ effective course of therapy, and adequate doses.

Which of the following agents is the drug of choice for an early dental infection unless the patient is allergic to it?

Metronidazole has antiinflammatory activity.

The disease-producing power of the microorganism is called:

Azithromycin and clarithromycin:

Penicillinase inactivates the penicillin moiety by:

Antiinfective agents can potentiate the effect of oral anticoagulants by interfering with the production of vitamin:

The drug whose future use may include organisms found in periodontal disease is:

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The possibility of superinfection can be minimized by use of the _ specific antiinfective agent, the _ effective course of therapy, and adequate doses.