Question 1

The sulfonamides competitively inhibit the bacterial enzyme that incorporates para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA)into an immediate precursor of:

Accepted Answer

A)  biotin. 
B)  thiamine. 
C)  folic acid. 
D)  riboflavin. 
A)  biotin. 
B)  thiamine. 
C)  folic acid. 
D)  riboflavin.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true regarding penicillinase-resistant penicillins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Penicillinase-resistant penicillins should be reserved for use against only penicillinase-producing staphylococci. 
B)  Penicillinase-resistant penicillins are more effective against penicillin G-sensitive organisms when compared with penicillin G. 
C)  Penicillinase-resistant penicillins produce fewer side effects when compared with penicillin G. 
D)  Patients allergic to penicillin are not also allergic to the penicillinase-resistant penicillins. 
A)  Penicillinase-resistant penicillins should be reserved for use against only penicillinase-producing staphylococci. 
B)  Penicillinase-resistant penicillins are more effective against penicillin G-sensitive organisms when compared with penicillin G. 
C)  Penicillinase-resistant penicillins produce fewer side effects when compared with penicillin G. 
D)  Patients allergic to penicillin are not also allergic to the penicillinase-resistant penicillins.

Question 3

Dental caries is caused by an infection with:

Accepted Answer

A)  Porphyromonas gingivalis. 
B)  Eikenella corrodens. 
C)  Streptococcus mutans. 
D)  Fusobacterium. 
A)  Porphyromonas gingivalis. 
B)  Eikenella corrodens. 
C)  Streptococcus mutans. 
D)  Fusobacterium.

Question 4

_____ are the first orally active agents against certain Pseudomonas species.

Accepted Answer

A)  Aminoglycosides 
B)  Sulfonamides 
C)  Quinolones 
D)  Tetracyclines 
A)  Aminoglycosides 
B)  Sulfonamides 
C)  Quinolones 
D)  Tetracyclines

Question 5

Daily activities, such as toothbrushing, are more likely to produce infective endocarditis than dental procedures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true concerning antibiotic resistance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Natural resistance occurs when an organism that was previously sensitive to an antimicrobial agent develops resistance. 
B)  An increase in the use of an antibiotic in a given population decreases the proportion of resistant organisms in that population. 
C)  Bacterial resistance can occur by the transfer of deoxyribonucleic acid (DN
A) genetic material from one organism to another. 
D)  The transfer of genetic material from one organism to another may only occur among organism of the same species. 
A)  Natural resistance occurs when an organism that was previously sensitive to an antimicrobial agent develops resistance. 
B)  An increase in the use of an antibiotic in a given population decreases the proportion of resistant organisms in that population. 
C)  Bacterial resistance can occur by the transfer of deoxyribonucleic acid (DN
A) genetic material from one organism to another. 
D)  The transfer of genetic material from one organism to another may only occur among organism of the same species.

Question 7

Which of the following is the most common adverse reaction to administration of metronidazole?

Accepted Answer

A)  Central nervous system effects 
B)  Gastrointestinal effects 
C)  Renal toxicity 
D)  Oral effects 
A)  Central nervous system effects 
B)  Gastrointestinal effects 
C)  Renal toxicity 
D)  Oral effects

Question 8

A cephalosporin would be most closely related to which of the following agents?

Accepted Answer

A)  Penicillin VK 
B)  Clarithromycin 
C)  Ciprofloxacin 
D)  Doxycycline 
E)  Clindamycin 
A)  Penicillin VK 
B)  Clarithromycin 
C)  Ciprofloxacin 
D)  Doxycycline 
E)  Clindamycin

Question 9

Which of the following agents is bacteriostatic in action?

Accepted Answer

A)  Amoxicillin 
B)  Streptomycin 
C)  Vancomycin 
D)  Trimethoprim 
A)  Amoxicillin 
B)  Streptomycin 
C)  Vancomycin 
D)  Trimethoprim

Question 10

Clavulanic acid is used to fight infections with which of the following resistance mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased permeability to the agent 
B)  Production of drug-inactivating enzymes 
C)  Alteration in the site of action 
D)  Any of the above 
A)  Decreased permeability to the agent 
B)  Production of drug-inactivating enzymes 
C)  Alteration in the site of action 
D)  Any of the above

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true of the tetracyclines?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are bactericidal. 
B)  Tetracyclines interfere with the synthesis of bacterial protein by binding at the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes. 
C)  In the study of sensitivity or organisms isolated from dental infections, one-fifth to two-fifths of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)were found to be resistant to tetracycline. 
D)  Tetracyclines are not prone to enterohepatic circulation. 
A)  They are bactericidal. 
B)  Tetracyclines interfere with the synthesis of bacterial protein by binding at the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes. 
C)  In the study of sensitivity or organisms isolated from dental infections, one-fifth to two-fifths of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)were found to be resistant to tetracycline. 
D)  Tetracyclines are not prone to enterohepatic circulation.

Question 12

Which of the following antibiotics would be the best choice to attack the anaerobes in a stage 2 infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clindamycin or metronidazole 
B)  Ampicillin or amoxicillin 
C)  Amoxicillin or augmentin 
D)  Ciprofloxacin 
A)  Clindamycin or metronidazole 
B)  Ampicillin or amoxicillin 
C)  Amoxicillin or augmentin 
D)  Ciprofloxacin

Question 13

_____ has the highest incidence of gastrointestinal complaints of any of the antibiotics.

Accepted Answer

A)  Penicillin 
B)  Erythromycin 
C)  Clindamycin 
D)  Cephalosporin 
A)  Penicillin 
B)  Erythromycin 
C)  Clindamycin 
D)  Cephalosporin

Question 14

Which of the following antibiotics is associated with photosensitivity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Erythromycin 
B)  Tetracycline 
C)  Metronidazole 
D)  Aminoglycosides (e.g., streptomycin) 
A)  Erythromycin 
B)  Tetracycline 
C)  Metronidazole 
D)  Aminoglycosides (e.g., streptomycin)

Question 15

Which of the following agents allows the use of amoxicillin to treat penicillinase-producing organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clavulanic acid 
B)  Divalent cations 
C)  Corticosteroids 
D)  Disulfiram 
A)  Clavulanic acid 
B)  Divalent cations 
C)  Corticosteroids 
D)  Disulfiram

Question 16

Oral-cavity infections are generally understood to advance through three stages. The three stages are (1)mixed aerobic and anaerobic infection, (2)aerobic infection, and (3)anaerobic infection. In what order do these stages occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2, 3 
B)  1, 3, 2 
C)  2, 1, 3 
D)  3, 1, 2 
E)  3, 2, 1 
A)  1, 2, 3 
B)  1, 3, 2 
C)  2, 1, 3 
D)  3, 1, 2 
E)  3, 2, 1

Question 17

If a person with active TB seeks oral health care:

Accepted Answer

A)  use standard precautions and treat him or her just as everyone else is treated. 
B)  schedule him or her as the last patient of the day. 
C)  contact that person's physician and delay health care until the disease is no longer in the active state. 
D)  refer the patient to a hospital with a dental suite for treatment. 
A)  use standard precautions and treat him or her just as everyone else is treated. 
B)  schedule him or her as the last patient of the day. 
C)  contact that person's physician and delay health care until the disease is no longer in the active state. 
D)  refer the patient to a hospital with a dental suite for treatment.

Question 18

The standard antibiotic drug regimen prior to dental procedures requiring immunoprophylaxis in a patient with no allergies to penicillin or amoxicillin is _____ g of amoxicillin _____ hour(s)before the procedure.

Accepted Answer

A)  1; 1 
B)  1; 2 
C)  2; 1 
D)  2; 2 
A)  1; 1 
B)  1; 2 
C)  2; 1 
D)  2; 2

Question 19

An _____ agent is a chemical substance produced by a microorganism that has the capacity, in dilute solutions, to destroy or suppress the growth or multiplication of organisms or to suppress their action.

Accepted Answer

A)  antiinfective 
B)  antibacterial 
C)  antibiotic 
D)  antimicrobial 
A)  antiinfective 
B)  antibacterial 
C)  antibiotic 
D)  antimicrobial

Question 20

Which of the following antibiotics are not associated with any teratogenicity and are often used in pregnant women?

Accepted Answer

A)  Penicillin 
B)  Tetracyclines 
C)  Erythromycin 
D)  Metronidazole 
E)  Both a and c 
A)  Penicillin 
B)  Tetracyclines 
C)  Erythromycin 
D)  Metronidazole 
E)  Both a and c

Exam 7: Antiinfective Agents

The sulfonamides competitively inhibit the bacterial enzyme that incorporates para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA)into an immediate precursor of:

Which of the following statements is true regarding penicillinase-resistant penicillins?

Dental caries is caused by an infection with:

_____ are the first orally active agents against certain Pseudomonas species.

Daily activities, such as toothbrushing, are more likely to produce infective endocarditis than dental procedures.

Which of the following statements is true concerning antibiotic resistance?

Which of the following is the most common adverse reaction to administration of metronidazole?

A cephalosporin would be most closely related to which of the following agents?

Which of the following agents is bacteriostatic in action?

Clavulanic acid is used to fight infections with which of the following resistance mechanisms?

Which of the following statements is true of the tetracyclines?

Which of the following antibiotics would be the best choice to attack the anaerobes in a stage 2 infection?

_____ has the highest incidence of gastrointestinal complaints of any of the antibiotics.

Which of the following antibiotics is associated with photosensitivity?

Which of the following agents allows the use of amoxicillin to treat penicillinase-producing organisms?

Oral-cavity infections are generally understood to advance through three stages. The three stages are (1)mixed aerobic and anaerobic infection, (2)aerobic infection, and (3)anaerobic infection. In what order do these stages occur?

If a person with active TB seeks oral health care:

The standard antibiotic drug regimen prior to dental procedures requiring immunoprophylaxis in a patient with no allergies to penicillin or amoxicillin is _____ g of amoxicillin _____ hour(s)before the procedure.

An _____ agent is a chemical substance produced by a microorganism that has the capacity, in dilute solutions, to destroy or suppress the growth or multiplication of organisms or to suppress their action.

Which of the following antibiotics are not associated with any teratogenicity and are often used in pregnant women?

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The standard antibiotic drug regimen prior to dental procedures requiring immunoprophylaxis in a patient with no allergies to penicillin or amoxicillin is _ g of amoxicillin _ hour(s)before the procedure.