Question 1

Which of the following agents is a potent, short-acting, parenterally administered opioid that is commonly used during general anesthesia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dynorphin 
B)  Hydromorphone 
C)  Nalmefene 
D)  Fentanyl 
E)  Tramadol 
A)  Dynorphin 
B)  Hydromorphone 
C)  Nalmefene 
D)  Fentanyl 
E)  Tramadol D

Question 2

Which of the following conditions is an adverse reaction to the opioids?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diarrhea 
B)  Miosis 
C)  CNS excitation 
D)  Hepatotoxicity 
A)  Diarrhea 
B)  Miosis 
C)  CNS excitation 
D)  Hepatotoxicity B

Question 3

Codeine activates the chemoreceptor trigger zone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

A patient who feels nauseated after taking codeine is allergic to it.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Tylenol #3 contains _____ mg of codeine.

Accepted Answer

A)  7.5 
B)  15 
C)  30 
D)  60 
A)  7.5 
B)  15 
C)  30 
D)  60

Question 6

The following statements are false of tramadol except which one?

Accepted Answer

A)  It binds to mu opioid receptors. 
B)  It inhibits reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine. 
C)  It modifies ascending pain pathways. 
D)  It causes mydriasis. 
E)  Its analgesic efficacy is equivalent to that of codeine. 
A)  It binds to mu opioid receptors. 
B)  It inhibits reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine. 
C)  It modifies ascending pain pathways. 
D)  It causes mydriasis. 
E)  Its analgesic efficacy is equivalent to that of codeine.

Question 7

Which of the following products is the most commonly used opioid in dentistry?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrocodone (Vicodin) 
B)  Morphine 
C)  Codeine 
D)  Oxymorphone 
A)  Hydrocodone (Vicodin) 
B)  Morphine 
C)  Codeine 
D)  Oxymorphone

Question 8

The following are conditions for which opioid analgesics should be used with extreme caution or not at all except which one?

Accepted Answer

A)  Head injury 
B)  Nausea 
C)  Respiratory disease 
D)  Hypertension 
E)  Near-term pregnancy 
A)  Head injury 
B)  Nausea 
C)  Respiratory disease 
D)  Hypertension 
E)  Near-term pregnancy

Question 9

Combining an opioid with a nonopioid analgesic produces an additive analgesic effect with fewer adverse reactions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Beta-endorphin is a naturally occurring peptide with opioid-like action. It possesses analgesic action but has no addiction potential.

Accepted Answer

A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second statement is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second statement is true. 
A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second statement is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Question 11

Dentists prescribed about _____% of all opioids prescribed in the United States in 2002.

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  12 
C)  22 
D)  32 
E)  42 
A)  2 
B)  12 
C)  22 
D)  32 
E)  42

Question 12

Which of the following are classified as mixed opioid? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Morphine 
B)  Pentazocine 
C)  Naloxone 
D)  Buprenorphine 
A)  Morphine 
B)  Pentazocine 
C)  Naloxone 
D)  Buprenorphine

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true concerning the pharmacokinetics of opioid analgesics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Absorption may occur through mucous membranes of the nose but is not possible through intact skin. 
B)  The opioids are bound to plasma proteins to varying degrees and distributed throughout the body. 
C)  Given orally, opioids have vastly different durations of action for analgesia, ranging from 1 to almost 12 hours. 
D)  Metabolized opioids are excreted in urine; however, the unchanged drug is not. 
A)  Absorption may occur through mucous membranes of the nose but is not possible through intact skin. 
B)  The opioids are bound to plasma proteins to varying degrees and distributed throughout the body. 
C)  Given orally, opioids have vastly different durations of action for analgesia, ranging from 1 to almost 12 hours. 
D)  Metabolized opioids are excreted in urine; however, the unchanged drug is not.

Question 14

What do aspirin, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and codeine have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are all antiinflammatory. 
B)  They are all analgesic. 
C)  They all inhibit platelet aggregation. 
D)  They are all antipyretic. 
A)  They are all antiinflammatory. 
B)  They are all analgesic. 
C)  They all inhibit platelet aggregation. 
D)  They are all antipyretic.

Question 15

_____ is usually the cause of death with an overdose of opioids.

Accepted Answer

A)  Tachycardia 
B)  Respiratory depression 
C)  Electrolyte imbalance 
D)  Cellular necrosis 
A)  Tachycardia 
B)  Respiratory depression 
C)  Electrolyte imbalance 
D)  Cellular necrosis

Question 16

Which of the following agents is the only mixed opioid available for oral use?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dezocine 
B)  Nalbuphine 
C)  Pentazocine 
D)  Butorphanol 
A)  Dezocine 
B)  Nalbuphine 
C)  Pentazocine 
D)  Butorphanol

Question 17

Which of the following choices is the drug of choice to treat a patient who has taken an overdose of an opioid?

Accepted Answer

A)  2-pralidoxime 
B)  Naloxone 
C)  N-acetylcysteine 
D)  Activated charcoal 
E)  Methadone 
A)  2-pralidoxime 
B)  Naloxone 
C)  N-acetylcysteine 
D)  Activated charcoal 
E)  Methadone

Question 18

How does adding naloxone to pentazocine reduce the addiction potential of orally administered pentazocine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Naloxone is an opioid agonist that is effective orally but not parenterally. 
B)  Naloxone is an opioid agonist that is effective parenterally but not orally. 
C)  Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that is effective orally but not parenterally. 
D)  Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that is effective parenterally but not orally. 
E)  Naloxone is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory. 
A)  Naloxone is an opioid agonist that is effective orally but not parenterally. 
B)  Naloxone is an opioid agonist that is effective parenterally but not orally. 
C)  Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that is effective orally but not parenterally. 
D)  Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that is effective parenterally but not orally. 
E)  Naloxone is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory.

Question 19

Morphine is stronger than oxycodone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which is an advantage of the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)over the opioids for the management of dental pain in an opioid addict?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are not addictive. 
B)  They are antitussive. 
C)  They are all useful if the patient is pregnant. 
D)  They cause less fluid retention (edema). 
A)  They are not addictive. 
B)  They are antitussive. 
C)  They are all useful if the patient is pregnant. 
D)  They cause less fluid retention (edema).

Exam 6: Opioid (Narcotic)Analgesics and Antagonists

Which of the following agents is a potent, short-acting, parenterally administered opioid that is commonly used during general anesthesia?

Which of the following conditions is an adverse reaction to the opioids?

Codeine activates the chemoreceptor trigger zone.

A patient who feels nauseated after taking codeine is allergic to it.

Tylenol #3 contains _____ mg of codeine.

The following statements are false of tramadol except which one?

Which of the following products is the most commonly used opioid in dentistry?

The following are conditions for which opioid analgesics should be used with extreme caution or not at all except which one?

Combining an opioid with a nonopioid analgesic produces an additive analgesic effect with fewer adverse reactions.

Beta-endorphin is a naturally occurring peptide with opioid-like action. It possesses analgesic action but has no addiction potential.

Dentists prescribed about _____% of all opioids prescribed in the United States in 2002.

Which of the following are classified as mixed opioid? (Select all that apply.)

Which of the following statements is true concerning the pharmacokinetics of opioid analgesics?

What do aspirin, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and codeine have in common?

_____ is usually the cause of death with an overdose of opioids.

Which of the following agents is the only mixed opioid available for oral use?

Which of the following choices is the drug of choice to treat a patient who has taken an overdose of an opioid?

How does adding naloxone to pentazocine reduce the addiction potential of orally administered pentazocine?

Morphine is stronger than oxycodone.

Which is an advantage of the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)over the opioids for the management of dental pain in an opioid addict?

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