Question 1

Which of the following statements is characteristic of diffuse toxic goiter?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is also known as Plummer disease. 
B)  It is characterized by a diffusely enlarged, highly vascular thyroid gland. 
C)  It occurs primarily in older patients and usually arises from long-standing nontoxic goiter. 
D)  Both a and b are characteristics. 
E)  Both b and c are characteristics. 
A)  It is also known as Plummer disease. 
B)  It is characterized by a diffusely enlarged, highly vascular thyroid gland. 
C)  It occurs primarily in older patients and usually arises from long-standing nontoxic goiter. 
D)  Both a and b are characteristics. 
E)  Both b and c are characteristics. B

Question 2

What causes ovulation on day 14 of the menstrual cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  An increase in the rate of secretion of FSH and LH 
B)  A decrease in the rate of secretion of FSH and LH 
C)  The release of large quantities of estrogen 
D)  The release of large quantities of progesterone 
A)  An increase in the rate of secretion of FSH and LH 
B)  A decrease in the rate of secretion of FSH and LH 
C)  The release of large quantities of estrogen 
D)  The release of large quantities of progesterone A

Question 3

The posterior pituitary secretes:

Accepted Answer

A)  prolactin. 
B)  oxytocin. 
C)  corticotrophin-releasing hormone. 
D)  all of the above. 
E)  none of the above. 
A)  prolactin. 
B)  oxytocin. 
C)  corticotrophin-releasing hormone. 
D)  all of the above. 
E)  none of the above. B

Question 4

Synthetic analogs of vasopressin are used to: (1)treat pituitary diabetes insipidus, (2)treat hemophilia A and von Willebrand disease, (3)induce labor and postpartum lactation, (4)control postpartum hemorrhage.

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2, 3, 4 
B)  1, 2, 3 
C)  2, 3, 4 
D)  1, 2 
E)  3, 4 
A)  1, 2, 3, 4 
B)  1, 2, 3 
C)  2, 3, 4 
D)  1, 2 
E)  3, 4

Question 5

Estrogens are used to treat menstrual disturbances such as uterine bleeding. Estrogen is also used to reduce the symptoms of menopause.

Accepted Answer

A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second statement is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second statement is true. 
A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second statement is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Question 6

Which of the following is usually the drug of choice for treatment of hyperthyroidism in patients older than 21 years?

Accepted Answer

A)  Propylthiouracil 
B)  Methimazole 
C)  Radioactive iodide (131I) 
D)  Propranolol 
A)  Propylthiouracil 
B)  Methimazole 
C)  Radioactive iodide (131I) 
D)  Propranolol

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true of progesterone during the normal female sexual cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  Progesterone secretion declines if implantation does not occur by the end of the menstrual cycle. 
B)  If implantation takes place, the developing trophoblast secretes chorionic gonadotropin, which sustains the corpus luteum, thus maintaining progesterone and estrogen levels. 
C)  Progesterone stimulates uterine contractility. 
D)  Both a and b are true. 
E)  Both b and c are true. 
A)  Progesterone secretion declines if implantation does not occur by the end of the menstrual cycle. 
B)  If implantation takes place, the developing trophoblast secretes chorionic gonadotropin, which sustains the corpus luteum, thus maintaining progesterone and estrogen levels. 
C)  Progesterone stimulates uterine contractility. 
D)  Both a and b are true. 
E)  Both b and c are true.

Question 8

Cretins exhibit all of the following dental abnormalities except which one?

Accepted Answer

A)  Malocclusion 
B)  Large teeth 
C)  Delayed tooth eruption 
D)  Increased tendency to develop periodontal disease 
A)  Malocclusion 
B)  Large teeth 
C)  Delayed tooth eruption 
D)  Increased tendency to develop periodontal disease

Question 9

Exophthalmos is a characteristic sign of:

Accepted Answer

A)  cretinism. 
B)  hyperthyroidism. 
C)  acromegaly. 
D)  dwarfism. 
E)  hyperprolactinemia. 
A)  cretinism. 
B)  hyperthyroidism. 
C)  acromegaly. 
D)  dwarfism. 
E)  hyperprolactinemia.

Question 10

Which of the following medications is indicated for the palliative treatment of advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clomiphene 
B)  Leuprolide 
C)  Tamoxifen 
D)  Danazol 
A)  Clomiphene 
B)  Leuprolide 
C)  Tamoxifen 
D)  Danazol

Question 11

In most homeostatic systems the hormone released has a negative feedback effect on the secretion of the hormone stimulating substance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland secretes growth hormone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following conditions is a contraindication for the use of oral contraceptives?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 
B)  Type II diabetes 
C)  Carcinoma of the breast 
D)  Splenectomy 
A)  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 
B)  Type II diabetes 
C)  Carcinoma of the breast 
D)  Splenectomy

Question 14

Some antibiotics are thought to reduce the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives by:

Accepted Answer

A)  preventing absorption across the membrane surface of the enteric plexus. 
B)  suppressing intestinal flora. 
C)  chelation to form insoluble byproducts. 
D)  forcing progesterone levels to be maintained. 
A)  preventing absorption across the membrane surface of the enteric plexus. 
B)  suppressing intestinal flora. 
C)  chelation to form insoluble byproducts. 
D)  forcing progesterone levels to be maintained.

Question 15

Hormones from the opposite sex are often used to manage prostate, breast, and uterine cancers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

No treatment should be initiated for any patient with a visible goiter, exophthalmos, or a history of taking antithyroid drugs until approval is obtained from the patient's physician.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Hypopituitarism can produce:

Accepted Answer

A)  goiter. 
B)  acromegaly. 
C)  diabetes insipidus. 
D)  giantism. 
A)  goiter. 
B)  acromegaly. 
C)  diabetes insipidus. 
D)  giantism.

Question 18

Estrogen therapy may promote endometrial carcinoma in postmenopausal women.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following agents is used for the treatment of cancer of the prostate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Methyltestosterone 
B)  Clomiphene 
C)  Finasteride 
D)  Tamoxifen 
E)  Mifepristone 
A)  Methyltestosterone 
B)  Clomiphene 
C)  Finasteride 
D)  Tamoxifen 
E)  Mifepristone

Question 20

The increase in gingival inflammation may occur even with a decrease in the amount of plaque. This circumstance may be a result of increased levels of prostaglandin E (PGE), estradiol, and progesterone in the saliva.

Accepted Answer

A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second statement is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second statement is true. 
A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second statement is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Exam 22: Drugs for the Treatment of Other Endocrine Disorders

Which of the following statements is characteristic of diffuse toxic goiter?

What causes ovulation on day 14 of the menstrual cycle?

The posterior pituitary secretes:

Synthetic analogs of vasopressin are used to: (1)treat pituitary diabetes insipidus, (2)treat hemophilia A and von Willebrand disease, (3)induce labor and postpartum lactation, (4)control postpartum hemorrhage.

Estrogens are used to treat menstrual disturbances such as uterine bleeding. Estrogen is also used to reduce the symptoms of menopause.

Which of the following is usually the drug of choice for treatment of hyperthyroidism in patients older than 21 years?

Which of the following statements is true of progesterone during the normal female sexual cycle?

Cretins exhibit all of the following dental abnormalities except which one?

Exophthalmos is a characteristic sign of:

Which of the following medications is indicated for the palliative treatment of advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women?

In most homeostatic systems the hormone released has a negative feedback effect on the secretion of the hormone stimulating substance.

The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland secretes growth hormone.

Which of the following conditions is a contraindication for the use of oral contraceptives?

Some antibiotics are thought to reduce the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives by:

Hormones from the opposite sex are often used to manage prostate, breast, and uterine cancers.

No treatment should be initiated for any patient with a visible goiter, exophthalmos, or a history of taking antithyroid drugs until approval is obtained from the patient's physician.

Hypopituitarism can produce:

Estrogen therapy may promote endometrial carcinoma in postmenopausal women.

Which of the following agents is used for the treatment of cancer of the prostate?

The increase in gingival inflammation may occur even with a decrease in the amount of plaque. This circumstance may be a result of increased levels of prostaglandin E (PGE), estradiol, and progesterone in the saliva.

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