Question 1

A drug with anticholinergic side effects might exhibit all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  mydriasis. 
B)  salivation. 
C)  tachycardia. 
D)  constipation. 
A)  mydriasis. 
B)  salivation. 
C)  tachycardia. 
D)  constipation. B

Question 2

Sympathomimetic agents will stimulate salivary flow from which of the following salivary glands: (1)parotid, (2)submandibular, (3)sublingual?

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2, 3 
B)  1, 2 
C)  1, 3 
D)  2, 3 
A)  1, 2, 3 
B)  1, 2 
C)  1, 3 
D)  2, 3 D

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true concerning the organization of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?

Accepted Answer

A)  All body tissues are innervated by the ANS. 
B)  All organs receive both parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation. 
C)  If a tissue receives both innervations, the response will be equal to the sum of excitatory and inhibitory influences of the two divisions of the ANS. 
D)  Sensory fibers in one division cannot influence the motor fibers in the other. 
A)  All body tissues are innervated by the ANS. 
B)  All organs receive both parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation. 
C)  If a tissue receives both innervations, the response will be equal to the sum of excitatory and inhibitory influences of the two divisions of the ANS. 
D)  Sensory fibers in one division cannot influence the motor fibers in the other. C

Question 4

A combination of pralidoxime and atropine is used to treat an overdose of _____ inhibitors.

Accepted Answer

A)  acetylcholine 
B)  cholinesterase 
C)  epinephrine 
D)  norepinephrine 
A)  acetylcholine 
B)  cholinesterase 
C)  epinephrine 
D)  norepinephrine

Question 5

The neurotransmitter released from a preganglionic neuron in the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)is:

Accepted Answer

A)  epinephrine. 
B)  norepinephrine. 
C)  dopamine. 
D)  acetylcholine. 
A)  epinephrine. 
B)  norepinephrine. 
C)  dopamine. 
D)  acetylcholine.

Question 6

Sarin was used on a subway in Japan to poison riders. Sarin is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  sympathomimetic. 
B)  anticholinergic. 
C)  anticholinesterase. 
D)  sympatholytic. 
A)  sympathomimetic. 
B)  anticholinergic. 
C)  anticholinesterase. 
D)  sympatholytic.

Question 7

Which of the following is a catecholamine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Isoproterenol 
B)  Norepinephrine 
C)  Epinephrine 
D)  Both b and c 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Isoproterenol 
B)  Norepinephrine 
C)  Epinephrine 
D)  Both b and c 
E)  All of the above

Question 8

Stimulation of β₂-receptors results in:

Accepted Answer

A)  vasoconstriction of skin and skeletal muscle. 
B)  increase in heart rate and force of contraction. 
C)  smooth-muscle relaxation. 
D)  bronchoconstriction. 
A)  vasoconstriction of skin and skeletal muscle. 
B)  increase in heart rate and force of contraction. 
C)  smooth-muscle relaxation. 
D)  bronchoconstriction.

Question 9

Which of the following statements is true concerning direct- and indirect-acting cholinergic agents?

Accepted Answer

A)  A direct agent causes release of neurotransmitter and an indirect agent acts on the receptor. 
B)  The indirect-acting agents include the choline derivatives and pilocarpine. 
C)  The indirect-acting cholinesterase inhibitors act by stimulating release of acetylcholine. 
D)  Inhibiting the enzyme that normally destroys acetylcholine results in stimulation of the PANS. 
A)  A direct agent causes release of neurotransmitter and an indirect agent acts on the receptor. 
B)  The indirect-acting agents include the choline derivatives and pilocarpine. 
C)  The indirect-acting cholinesterase inhibitors act by stimulating release of acetylcholine. 
D)  Inhibiting the enzyme that normally destroys acetylcholine results in stimulation of the PANS.

Question 10

Which of the following categories of autonomic nervous system (ANS)agents can cause an acute rise in intraocular blood pressure in patients with narrow-angle glaucoma?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cholinergic 
B)  Anticholinergic 
C)  Adrenergic 
D)  Antiadrenergic 
A)  Cholinergic 
B)  Anticholinergic 
C)  Adrenergic 
D)  Antiadrenergic

Question 11

The parasympathetic fibers originate in the nuclei of the _____ segments of the spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

A)  sacral and lumbar 
B)  cranial nerves and sacral 
C)  cranial nerves and lumbar 
D)  thoracic and lumbar 
E)  None of the above are correct. 
A)  sacral and lumbar 
B)  cranial nerves and sacral 
C)  cranial nerves and lumbar 
D)  thoracic and lumbar 
E)  None of the above are correct.

Question 12

The anatomy of what system contains long preganglionic nerves and short postganglionic nerves?

Accepted Answer

A)  Parasympathetic autonomic 
B)  Sympathetic autonomic 
C)  Somatic 
D)  Sensory afferent 
A)  Parasympathetic autonomic 
B)  Sympathetic autonomic 
C)  Somatic 
D)  Sensory afferent

Question 13

On administration of an agent, heart rate increases because of a direct effect on the heart. However, total peripheral resistance decreases dramatically. As a consequence, systolic blood pressure increases only slightly, and mean arterial pressure typically falls. This agent is:

Accepted Answer

A)  epinephrine. 
B)  norepinephrine. 
C)  phenylephrine. 
D)  isoproterenol. 
A)  epinephrine. 
B)  norepinephrine. 
C)  phenylephrine. 
D)  isoproterenol.

Question 14

The direct effect of acetylcholine on the heart is _____ chronotropic and _____ inotropic.

Accepted Answer

A)  negative; negative 
B)  positive; positive 
C)  negative; positive 
D)  positive; negative 
E)  None of the above are correct. 
A)  negative; negative 
B)  positive; positive 
C)  negative; positive 
D)  positive; negative 
E)  None of the above are correct.

Question 15

Which of the following agents is being used to produce methamphetamine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phenylephrine 
B)  Pseudoephedrine 
C)  Dopamine 
D)  Dipivefrin 
A)  Phenylephrine 
B)  Pseudoephedrine 
C)  Dopamine 
D)  Dipivefrin

Question 16

Sympathomimetic agents should be used with caution in patients with (1)angina, (2)hypertension, (3)hypothyroidism.

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2, 3 
B)  1, 2 
C)  1, 3 
D)  2, 3 
A)  1, 2, 3 
B)  1, 2 
C)  1, 3 
D)  2, 3

Question 17

Tertiary (ammonium)agents cross the blood-brain barrier better than quaternary (ammonium)agents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Salivation, lacrimation, urination, and defecation refer to toxic effects seen with adrenergic agents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following agents is known to deplete endogenous norepinephrine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Propranolol 
B)  Reserpine 
C)  Phentolamine 
D)  Yohimbine 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Propranolol 
B)  Reserpine 
C)  Phentolamine 
D)  Yohimbine 
E)  None of the above

Question 20

Patients pretreated with _____ agents are prone to epinephrine reversal.

Accepted Answer

A)  cholinergic 
B)  anticholinergic 
C)  a-adrenergic 
D)  a-adrenergic blocking 
A)  cholinergic 
B)  anticholinergic 
C)  a-adrenergic 
D)  a-adrenergic blocking

Exam 4: Autonomic Drugs

A drug with anticholinergic side effects might exhibit all of the following except:

Sympathomimetic agents will stimulate salivary flow from which of the following salivary glands: (1)parotid, (2)submandibular, (3)sublingual?

Which of the following statements is true concerning the organization of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?

A combination of pralidoxime and atropine is used to treat an overdose of _____ inhibitors.

The neurotransmitter released from a preganglionic neuron in the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)is:

Sarin was used on a subway in Japan to poison riders. Sarin is a(n):

Which of the following is a catecholamine?

Stimulation of β₂-receptors results in:

Which of the following statements is true concerning direct- and indirect-acting cholinergic agents?

Which of the following categories of autonomic nervous system (ANS)agents can cause an acute rise in intraocular blood pressure in patients with narrow-angle glaucoma?

The parasympathetic fibers originate in the nuclei of the _____ segments of the spinal cord.

The anatomy of what system contains long preganglionic nerves and short postganglionic nerves?

On administration of an agent, heart rate increases because of a direct effect on the heart. However, total peripheral resistance decreases dramatically. As a consequence, systolic blood pressure increases only slightly, and mean arterial pressure typically falls. This agent is:

The direct effect of acetylcholine on the heart is _____ chronotropic and _____ inotropic.

Which of the following agents is being used to produce methamphetamine?

Sympathomimetic agents should be used with caution in patients with (1)angina, (2)hypertension, (3)hypothyroidism.

Tertiary (ammonium)agents cross the blood-brain barrier better than quaternary (ammonium)agents.

Salivation, lacrimation, urination, and defecation refer to toxic effects seen with adrenergic agents.

Which of the following agents is known to deplete endogenous norepinephrine?

Patients pretreated with _____ agents are prone to epinephrine reversal.

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The direct effect of acetylcholine on the heart is _ chronotropic and _ inotropic.