Question 1

Which of the following agents is used in the treatment of an overdose of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Malathion 
B)  Epinephrine 
C)  Pralidoxime 
D)  Physostigmine 
A)  Malathion 
B)  Epinephrine 
C)  Pralidoxime 
D)  Physostigmine

Question 2

Which of the following conditions is not a relative contraindication or caution with the use of cholinergic agents?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bronchial asthma 
B)  Hypothyroidism 
C)  Myasthenia gravis treated with neostigmine 
D)  Peptic ulcer 
A)  Bronchial asthma 
B)  Hypothyroidism 
C)  Myasthenia gravis treated with neostigmine 
D)  Peptic ulcer

Question 3

The autonomic nervous system (ANS)functions as a(n)_____ system for many bodily functions.

Accepted Answer

A)  somatic negative feedback 
B)  somatic modulating 
C)  automatic negative feedback 
D)  automatic modulating 
A)  somatic negative feedback 
B)  somatic modulating 
C)  automatic negative feedback 
D)  automatic modulating

Question 4

Indications for the use of anticholinergic agents include:

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulation of salivary secretion for xerostomic patients 
B)  treatment of gastrointestinal disorders associated with decreased motility 
C)  treatment in combination with levodopa for patients with Parkinson disease 
D)  use as an antipsychotic 
A)  stimulation of salivary secretion for xerostomic patients 
B)  treatment of gastrointestinal disorders associated with decreased motility 
C)  treatment in combination with levodopa for patients with Parkinson disease 
D)  use as an antipsychotic

Question 5

Muscarinic receptors are found in which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Central nervous system 
B)  Sympathetic nervous system 
C)  Parasympathetic nervous system 
D)  Neuromuscular junction 
E)  Adrenal medulla 
A)  Central nervous system 
B)  Sympathetic nervous system 
C)  Parasympathetic nervous system 
D)  Neuromuscular junction 
E)  Adrenal medulla

Question 6

The primary objective of cholinergic drug therapy in the treatment of glaucoma is:

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing the convexity of the lens. 
B)  dilating the vessels of the eye. 
C)  dilating the pupil. 
D)  reducing intraocular pressure. 
E)  inhibiting cholinesterase. 
A)  increasing the convexity of the lens. 
B)  dilating the vessels of the eye. 
C)  dilating the pupil. 
D)  reducing intraocular pressure. 
E)  inhibiting cholinesterase.

Question 7

Glycopyrrolate is an a-adrenergic agonist used to produce a dry field before some dental procedures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following is true concerning the pharmacologic effects associated with cholinergic agents?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tachycardia and an increase in blood pressure and cardiac output 
B)  Stasis of intestinal motility 
C)  Miosis 
D)  An increase in intraocular pressure 
A)  Tachycardia and an increase in blood pressure and cardiac output 
B)  Stasis of intestinal motility 
C)  Miosis 
D)  An increase in intraocular pressure

Question 9

Pathways innervating smooth muscles and glands are considered afferent pathways.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The action of norepinephrine is terminated by which of the following choices?

Accepted Answer

A)  Uptake into the presynaptic nerve terminal by an amine-specific pump 
B)  Action of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) 
C)  Action of monoamine oxidase (MAO) 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Uptake into the presynaptic nerve terminal by an amine-specific pump 
B)  Action of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) 
C)  Action of monoamine oxidase (MAO) 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 11

Agents such albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin)cause bronchodilation by binding to _____ receptors.

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha 
B)  beta1 
C)  beta2 
D)  nicotinic 
A)  alpha 
B)  beta1 
C)  beta2 
D)  nicotinic

Question 12

When the SANS is stimulated, the adrenal _____ releases primarily _____ into the systemic circulation.

Accepted Answer

A)  cortex; epinephrine 
B)  cortex; acetylcholine 
C)  medulla; epinephrine 
D)  medulla; acetylcholine 
A)  cortex; epinephrine 
B)  cortex; acetylcholine 
C)  medulla; epinephrine 
D)  medulla; acetylcholine

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true concerning the organization of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (SANS)?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cell bodies that give origin to the postganglionic fibers of the SANS span from the thoracic (T1)to the lumbar (L2)portion of the spinal cord. 
B)  The preganglionic fibers exit the spinal column to enter the sympathetic chain located along each side of the vertebral column. 
C)  Once a part of the sympathetic chain, preganglionic fibers form a single synaptic connection, with postganglionic cell bodies located up and down the sympathetic chain. 
D)  Stimulation of the SANS produces a more targeted effect than stimulation of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (PANS). 
A)  The cell bodies that give origin to the postganglionic fibers of the SANS span from the thoracic (T1)to the lumbar (L2)portion of the spinal cord. 
B)  The preganglionic fibers exit the spinal column to enter the sympathetic chain located along each side of the vertebral column. 
C)  Once a part of the sympathetic chain, preganglionic fibers form a single synaptic connection, with postganglionic cell bodies located up and down the sympathetic chain. 
D)  Stimulation of the SANS produces a more targeted effect than stimulation of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (PANS).

Question 14

Which of the following agents is an indirect-acting sympathetic agonist?

Accepted Answer

A)  Albuterol 
B)  Pseudoephedrine 
C)  Amphetamine 
D)  Physostigmine 
E)  Epinephrine 
A)  Albuterol 
B)  Pseudoephedrine 
C)  Amphetamine 
D)  Physostigmine 
E)  Epinephrine

Question 15

Ipratropium is a(n)_____ found in an inhaler used to treat asthma.

Accepted Answer

A)  cholinergic 
B)  anticholinergic 
C)  adrenergic 
D)  antiadrenergic 
A)  cholinergic 
B)  anticholinergic 
C)  adrenergic 
D)  antiadrenergic

Question 16

In the autonomic nervous system (ANS), the target organ is innervated by the _____ neuron.

Accepted Answer

A)  preganglionic afferent 
B)  preganglionic efferent 
C)  postganglionic afferent 
D)  postganglionic efferent 
A)  preganglionic afferent 
B)  preganglionic efferent 
C)  postganglionic afferent 
D)  postganglionic efferent

Question 17

The fight-or-flight response refers to activation of the parasympathetic nervous system in response to stress.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which drug would be best to treat xerostomia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Atropine 
B)  Propranolol 
C)  Pilocarpine 
D)  Pseudoephedrine 
A)  Atropine 
B)  Propranolol 
C)  Pilocarpine 
D)  Pseudoephedrine

Question 19

Anticholinergic agents prevent the action of acetylcholine at the _____ endings.

Accepted Answer

A)  preganglionic sympathetic 
B)  postganglionic parasympathetic 
C)  preganglionic sympathetic. 
D)  postganglionic parasympathetic. 
A)  preganglionic sympathetic 
B)  postganglionic parasympathetic 
C)  preganglionic sympathetic. 
D)  postganglionic parasympathetic.

Question 20

Anticholinergics:

Accepted Answer

A)  accelerate gastric emptying. 
B)  decrease esophageal and gastric motility. 
C)  cause miosis. 
D)  do not have an effect on heart rate. 
A)  accelerate gastric emptying. 
B)  decrease esophageal and gastric motility. 
C)  cause miosis. 
D)  do not have an effect on heart rate.

Exam 4: Autonomic Drugs

Which of the following agents is used in the treatment of an overdose of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors?

Which of the following conditions is not a relative contraindication or caution with the use of cholinergic agents?

The autonomic nervous system (ANS)functions as a(n)_____ system for many bodily functions.

Indications for the use of anticholinergic agents include:

Muscarinic receptors are found in which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

The primary objective of cholinergic drug therapy in the treatment of glaucoma is:

Glycopyrrolate is an a-adrenergic agonist used to produce a dry field before some dental procedures.

Which of the following is true concerning the pharmacologic effects associated with cholinergic agents?

Pathways innervating smooth muscles and glands are considered afferent pathways.

The action of norepinephrine is terminated by which of the following choices?

Agents such albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin)cause bronchodilation by binding to _____ receptors.

When the SANS is stimulated, the adrenal _____ releases primarily _____ into the systemic circulation.

Which of the following statements is true concerning the organization of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (SANS)?

Which of the following agents is an indirect-acting sympathetic agonist?

Ipratropium is a(n)_____ found in an inhaler used to treat asthma.

In the autonomic nervous system (ANS), the target organ is innervated by the _____ neuron.

The fight-or-flight response refers to activation of the parasympathetic nervous system in response to stress.

Which drug would be best to treat xerostomia?

Anticholinergic agents prevent the action of acetylcholine at the _____ endings.

Anticholinergics:

Information Sources, Regulatory Agencies, Drug Legislation, and Prescription Writing

Drug Action and Handling

Adverse Reactions

Nonopioid (Nonnarcotic)Analgesics

Opioid (Narcotic)Analgesics and Antagonists

Antiinfective Agents

Antifungal and Antiviral Agents

Local Anesthetics

General Anesthetics

Antianxiety Agents

Oral Conditions and Their Treatment

Hygiene-Related Oral Disorders

Drugs for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease

Drugs for the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Disorders

Drugs for the Treatment of Seizure Disorders

Drugs for the Treatment of Central Nervous System Disorders

Adrenocorticosteroids

Drugs for the Treatment of Respiratory Disorders

Drugs for the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis

Drugs for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

Drugs for the Treatment of Other Endocrine Disorders

Antineoplastic Drugs

Emergency Drugs

Pregnancy and Breast Feeding

Drug Abuse

Natural/Herbal Products and Dietary Supplements

Filters

When the SANS is stimulated, the adrenal _ releases primarily _ into the systemic circulation.