Question 1

Match between columns
                        Premises: abnormal enlargement or bulging of a blood vessel (usually an artery)caused by damage to or weakness in the blood vessel wall

Accepted Answer

The Answer of plaque and ischemic stroke and cerebrovascular accident is...

Question 2

What feeding intervention would be most appropriate for a patient with impaired vision?

Accepted Answer

A) Help the patient assume correct posture while eating. 
B) Place foods between teeth to promote chewing. 
C) Provide plates with food guards to prevent spilling. 
D) Make sure the patient's lips and jaw are closed while chewing. 
A) Help the patient assume correct posture while eating. 
B) Place foods between teeth to promote chewing. 
C) Provide plates with food guards to prevent spilling. 
D) Make sure the patient's lips and jaw are closed while chewing.

Question 3

Dietary guidelines for the management of hypertension emphasize ____.

Accepted Answer

A) avoidance of calcium-rich foods 
B) a diet rich in fresh fruits and vegetables 
C) 6 oz. wine per day 
D) avoidance of starchy foods 
A) avoidance of calcium-rich foods 
B) a diet rich in fresh fruits and vegetables 
C) 6 oz. wine per day 
D) avoidance of starchy foods

Question 4

Hypertension caused by a known physical or metabolic disorder is termed ____ hypertension.

Accepted Answer

A) primary 
B) secondary 
C) essential 
D) regulatory 
A) primary 
B) secondary 
C) essential 
D) regulatory

Question 5

Margaret Leland is 76 years old; she is retired and lives alone. Her only daughter lives two hours away. She has a past medical history of heart attack, smoking for 20 years, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. She complains of decreased appetite and disinterest in food. Ms. Leland has developed constipation. What nutrition intervention is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A) high-calorie, high-protein diet 
B) low-sodium diet 
C) low-carbohydrate diet 
D) high-fiber diet 
A) high-calorie, high-protein diet 
B) low-sodium diet 
C) low-carbohydrate diet 
D) high-fiber diet

Question 6

Arterial macrophages engulf oxidized LDL and become ____.

Accepted Answer

A) foam cells 
B) a thrombus 
C) an embolus 
D) clots 
A) foam cells 
B) a thrombus 
C) an embolus 
D) clots

Question 7

Ms. Conley has congestive heart failure with cardiac cachexia. What should she avoid?

Accepted Answer

A) liquid supplements 
B) high-fiber foods 
C) alcohol 
D) exercise 
A) liquid supplements 
B) high-fiber foods 
C) alcohol 
D) exercise

Question 8

Following a heart attack, what type of diet would a patient most likely require?

Accepted Answer

A) low-carbohydrate diet 
B) high-protein, high-energy diet 
C) low-fiber diet 
D) sodium-restricted diet 
A) low-carbohydrate diet 
B) high-protein, high-energy diet 
C) low-fiber diet 
D) sodium-restricted diet

Question 9

Moderate-to-vigorous aerobic activity, lasting 40 minutes per session, 3 to 4 times per week can potentially result in a decrease in systolic blood pressure of ____ mm Hg. ​

Accepted Answer

A) 1-2 
B) 2-5 
C) 5-8 
D) 8-10 
A) 1-2 
B) 2-5 
C) 5-8 
D) 8-10

Question 10

Match between columns
                        Premises: sudden tissue death caused by blockages of vessels that feed the heart muscle

Accepted Answer

The Answer of hemorrhagic stroke and thrombus and plaque and is...

Question 11

Match between columns
                        Premises: an abnormal particle, like a blood clot or air bubble, that travels in the blood

Accepted Answer

The Answer of embolus and cardiac cachexia and plaque and is...

Question 12

Brian Schmidt is a 58-year-old lawyer with a history of hypertension. His blood pressure has been under fairly good control with prescription medication. His secretary notices that he had a period of confusion and difficulty speaking at a meeting. She advises him to see his doctor. Brian is stable and will be transferred to a rehabilitation center. He has developed dysphagia as a result of his stroke. What is the best way to meet his nutritional needs?

Accepted Answer

A) Apply downward pressure to the tongue with a spoon. 
B) Provide plates with food guards. 
C) Provide thickened liquids and pureed foods. 
D) Place foods in similar locations on the plate at each meal. 
A) Apply downward pressure to the tongue with a spoon. 
B) Provide plates with food guards. 
C) Provide thickened liquids and pureed foods. 
D) Place foods in similar locations on the plate at each meal.

Question 13

Harry has a doctor's appointment for his annual physical. The doctor has determined that he is at risk for a stroke and prescribes a(n)____.

Accepted Answer

A) anticoagulant 
B) statin 
C) diuretic 
D) low-sodium diet 
A) anticoagulant 
B) statin 
C) diuretic 
D) low-sodium diet

Question 14

Match between columns
                        Premises: the formation or presence of a blood clot in vessels

Accepted Answer

The Answer of myocardial infarction and thrombosis and heart failure is...

Question 15

What is the significance of a transient ischemic attack (TIA)? ​

Accepted Answer

A) It is a warning sign that a severe stroke will follow. 
B) It causes permanent damage to the neurological system. 
C) It requires intravenous tissue plasminogen activator. 
D) It requires frequent monitoring, but no other treatment. 
A) It is a warning sign that a severe stroke will follow. 
B) It causes permanent damage to the neurological system. 
C) It requires intravenous tissue plasminogen activator. 
D) It requires frequent monitoring, but no other treatment.

Question 16

Match between columns
                        Premises: causes injury when blood flow within brain tissue is obstructed

Accepted Answer

The Answer of cerebrovascular accident and embolism and heart failure is...

Question 17

What condition that is associated with atherosclerosis and diabetes is most likely to lead to HDL dysfunction and increased CHD risk?

Accepted Answer

A) elevated glucose levels 
B) decreased liver enzymes 
C) chronic inflammation 
D) platelet aggregation and thrombosis 
A) elevated glucose levels 
B) decreased liver enzymes 
C) chronic inflammation 
D) platelet aggregation and thrombosis

Question 18

Match between columns
                        Premises: an injury to brain tissue due to disturbed blood flow through arteries that supply blood to the brain

Accepted Answer

The Answer of embolism and cardiac cachexia and aneurysm and is...

Question 19

What is a nonmodifiable risk factor for CHD?

Accepted Answer

A) diabetes mellitus 
B) male gender 
C) alcohol overconsumption 
D) low HDL cholesterol 
A) diabetes mellitus 
B) male gender 
C) alcohol overconsumption 
D) low HDL cholesterol

Question 20

What describes the relationship of over-the-counter (OTC)fish oil supplements to the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia?

Accepted Answer

A) OTC supplements typically provide 4 grams of combined EPA and DHA. 
B) OTC supplements require 10-13 pills daily to get enough EPA and DHA. 
C) OTC supplements contain so much EPA and DHA that the patient would be at risk of toxicity. 
D) OTC supplements provide enough EPA and DHA, but they are also often contaminated and should be avoided. 
A) OTC supplements typically provide 4 grams of combined EPA and DHA. 
B) OTC supplements require 10-13 pills daily to get enough EPA and DHA. 
C) OTC supplements contain so much EPA and DHA that the patient would be at risk of toxicity. 
D) OTC supplements provide enough EPA and DHA, but they are also often contaminated and should be avoided.

Exam 27: Cardiovascular Diseases

What feeding intervention would be most appropriate for a patient with impaired vision?

Dietary guidelines for the management of hypertension emphasize ____.

Hypertension caused by a known physical or metabolic disorder is termed ____ hypertension.

Arterial macrophages engulf oxidized LDL and become ____.

Ms. Conley has congestive heart failure with cardiac cachexia. What should she avoid?

Following a heart attack, what type of diet would a patient most likely require?

Moderate-to-vigorous aerobic activity, lasting 40 minutes per session, 3 to 4 times per week can potentially result in a decrease in systolic blood pressure of ____ mm Hg. ​

Harry has a doctor's appointment for his annual physical. The doctor has determined that he is at risk for a stroke and prescribes a(n)____.

What is the significance of a transient ischemic attack (TIA)? ​

What condition that is associated with atherosclerosis and diabetes is most likely to lead to HDL dysfunction and increased CHD risk?

What is a nonmodifiable risk factor for CHD?

What describes the relationship of over-the-counter (OTC)fish oil supplements to the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia?

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugar, Starches, and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Energy Metabolism

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

Filters

Moderate-to-vigorous aerobic activity, lasting 40 minutes per session, 3 to 4 times per week can potentially result in a decrease in systolic blood pressure of ____ mm Hg.

What is the significance of a transient ischemic attack (TIA)?