Question 1

What is a function of C-reactive protein?

Accepted Answer

A)  regulating blood pressure 
B)  regulating iron metabolism 
C)  producing and releasing histamine 
D)  binding dead or dying cells to activate certain immune responses 
A)  regulating blood pressure 
B)  regulating iron metabolism 
C)  producing and releasing histamine 
D)  binding dead or dying cells to activate certain immune responses

Question 2

What best describes why weight loss and malnutrition occur in the presence of chronic respiratory diseases?

Accepted Answer

A)  Damaged lung tissues use more vitamins and minerals. 
B)  Excessive carbon dioxide in the blood causes a person to sleep more. 
C)  Labored breathing raises energy needs. 
D)  Hypoxemia causes the body to excrete excess glycogen. 
A)  Damaged lung tissues use more vitamins and minerals. 
B)  Excessive carbon dioxide in the blood causes a person to sleep more. 
C)  Labored breathing raises energy needs. 
D)  Hypoxemia causes the body to excrete excess glycogen.

Question 3

Which acute-phase protein is involved in iron metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A)  prothrombin 
B)  complement proteins 
C)  C-reactive protein 
D)  hepcidin 
A)  prothrombin 
B)  complement proteins 
C)  C-reactive protein 
D)  hepcidin

Question 4

Patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) may require ____ grams of protein per kilogram body weight daily.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.5 to 1.0 
B)  1.0 to 1.5 
C)  1.5 to 2.0 
D)  2.0 to 2.5 
A)  0.5 to 1.0 
B)  1.0 to 1.5 
C)  1.5 to 2.0 
D)  2.0 to 2.5

Question 5

What percentage of persons with COPD are affected by malnutrition?

Accepted Answer

A)  20 
B)  40 
C)  60 
D)  80 
A)  20 
B)  40 
C)  60 
D)  80

Question 6

Using the appropriate stress factor and the RMR for this patient, determine his energy intake?

Accepted Answer

A)  1873 to 2384 kcal/day 
B)  1933 to 2084 kcal/day 
C)  2003 to 2230 kcal/day 
D)  2430 to 2533 kcal/day 
A)  1873 to 2384 kcal/day 
B)  1933 to 2084 kcal/day 
C)  2003 to 2230 kcal/day 
D)  2430 to 2533 kcal/day

Question 7

Which classification of burns destroys both the epidermis and dermis and may also damage underlying tissues?

Accepted Answer

A)  1st degree 
B)  2nd degree 
C)  3rd degree 
D)  4th degree 
A)  1st degree 
B)  2nd degree 
C)  3rd degree 
D)  4th degree

Question 8

Explain the need for carbohydrate and fat intakes during acute stress.

Accepted Answer

Most of the energy required is supplied

Question 9

Which classification of burns involves both the epidermis and dermis and is characterized by redness, swelling, and blistering?

Accepted Answer

A)  1st degree 
B)  2nd degree 
C)  3rd degree 
D)  4th degree 
A)  1st degree 
B)  2nd degree 
C)  3rd degree 
D)  4th degree

Question 10

What metabolic effect is most commonly seen with inhaled corticosteroids?

Accepted Answer

A)  altered taste sensation 
B)  hypokalemia 
C)  hyperphosphatemia 
D)  exacerbated muscle loss 
A)  altered taste sensation 
B)  hypokalemia 
C)  hyperphosphatemia 
D)  exacerbated muscle loss

Question 11

Which symptom is associated with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)?

Accepted Answer

A)  abnormal body temperature 
B)  reduced heart rates 
C)  abnormal red blood cell counts 
D)  reduced respiratory rates 
A)  abnormal body temperature 
B)  reduced heart rates 
C)  abnormal red blood cell counts 
D)  reduced respiratory rates

Question 12

Burn size in adults is often estimated by dividing the body into 11 parts, with each part representing about ____ percent of the total body surface area (TBSA).

Accepted Answer

A)  9 
B)  12 
C)  15 
D)  19 
A)  9 
B)  12 
C)  15 
D)  19

Question 13

In response to metabolic and respiratory stress, the body experiences ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  hypometabolism 
B)  a breakdown of muscle mass 
C)  a decrease in carbon dioxide in the blood 
D)  only minor complications 
A)  hypometabolism 
B)  a breakdown of muscle mass 
C)  a decrease in carbon dioxide in the blood 
D)  only minor complications

Question 14

Which substance is the precursor for the eicosanoids?

Accepted Answer

A)  amino acids 
B)  fatty acids 
C)  thiamin 
D)  vitamin D 
A)  amino acids 
B)  fatty acids 
C)  thiamin 
D)  vitamin D

Question 15

Describe nutrition care for patients with respiratory failure; include estimation of energy needs and fluids for nutrition support.

Accepted Answer

Patients with lung injuries or acute res

Question 16

In what way do blood transfusions contribute to development of MODS?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blood transfusions are immunosuppressive. 
B)  Transfusion reactions cause severe muscle loss. 
C)  Blood transfusions raise the patient's temperature. 
D)  The transfusion process requires more energy. 
A)  Blood transfusions are immunosuppressive. 
B)  Transfusion reactions cause severe muscle loss. 
C)  Blood transfusions raise the patient's temperature. 
D)  The transfusion process requires more energy.

Question 17

The primary risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  smoking 
B)  vehicle exhaust 
C)  genetic factors 
D)  pollution from coal-fired power plants 
A)  smoking 
B)  vehicle exhaust 
C)  genetic factors 
D)  pollution from coal-fired power plants

Question 18

List the common therapies that are used to treat multiple organ failure and the function of each therapy.

Accepted Answer

Once multiple organ dysfunction syndrome

Question 19

Case Study Questions  
Forty-three-year-old Joseph Delgado is an electrician for a utility company. His medical history is unremarkable, with no problems. He is admitted to the ICU (intensive care unit) with severe electrical burns to his hands, arms, and chest (20 to 30% of body surface area).
-Having burns increases Joseph's risk for what condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  osteoporosis 
B)  intestinal ileus 
C)  bronchitis 
D)  overhydration 
A)  osteoporosis 
B)  intestinal ileus 
C)  bronchitis 
D)  overhydration

Question 20

A patient with severe respiratory failure and on fluid restrictions would require nutrient-dense enteral formulas of ____ kcal/mL.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.5 to 1.0 
B)  1.0 to 1.2 
C)  1.2 to 1.5 
D)  1.5 to 2.0 
A)  0.5 to 1.0 
B)  1.0 to 1.2 
C)  1.2 to 1.5 
D)  1.5 to 2.0

Exam 22: Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

What is a function of C-reactive protein?

What best describes why weight loss and malnutrition occur in the presence of chronic respiratory diseases?

Which acute-phase protein is involved in iron metabolism?

Patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) may require ____ grams of protein per kilogram body weight daily.

What percentage of persons with COPD are affected by malnutrition?

Using the appropriate stress factor and the RMR for this patient, determine his energy intake?

Which classification of burns destroys both the epidermis and dermis and may also damage underlying tissues?

Explain the need for carbohydrate and fat intakes during acute stress.

Which classification of burns involves both the epidermis and dermis and is characterized by redness, swelling, and blistering?

What metabolic effect is most commonly seen with inhaled corticosteroids?

Which symptom is associated with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)?

Burn size in adults is often estimated by dividing the body into 11 parts, with each part representing about ____ percent of the total body surface area (TBSA).

In response to metabolic and respiratory stress, the body experiences ____.

Which substance is the precursor for the eicosanoids?

Describe nutrition care for patients with respiratory failure; include estimation of energy needs and fluids for nutrition support.

In what way do blood transfusions contribute to development of MODS?

The primary risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is ____.

List the common therapies that are used to treat multiple organ failure and the function of each therapy.

A patient with severe respiratory failure and on fluid restrictions would require nutrient-dense enteral formulas of ____ kcal/mL.

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugar, Starches, and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Energy Metabolism

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

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