Question 1

Diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome include very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels of ____ mg/dL or higher.

Accepted Answer

A)  100 
B)  125 
C)  150 
D)  175 
A)  100 
B)  125 
C)  150 
D)  175 C

Question 2

Diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome include a fasting plasma glucose of ____ mg/dL or higher.

Accepted Answer

A)  80 
B)  90 
C)  100 
D)  110 
A)  80 
B)  90 
C)  100 
D)  110 C

Question 3

Which ethnic population has the lowest relative risk for developing type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pacific Islanders 
B)  Asian Indians 
C)  European Americans 
D)  Native Americans 
A)  Pacific Islanders 
B)  Asian Indians 
C)  European Americans 
D)  Native Americans C

Question 4

How does obesity lead to the development of hypertriglyceridemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Insulin causes adipose cells to store more triglycerides. 
B)  HDL competes with VLDL for cholesterol binding sites. 
C)  The liver produces more VLDL in response to fatty acids released by insulin-resistant adipose cells. 
D)  Fatty acids in the bloodstream resist excretion by HDL. 
A)  Insulin causes adipose cells to store more triglycerides. 
B)  HDL competes with VLDL for cholesterol binding sites. 
C)  The liver produces more VLDL in response to fatty acids released by insulin-resistant adipose cells. 
D)  Fatty acids in the bloodstream resist excretion by HDL.

Question 5

Type 1 diabetes accounts for ____ percent of diabetes cases in the United States.

Accepted Answer

A)  5 to 10 
B)  15 to 25 
C)  50 to 75 
D)  90 to 95 
A)  5 to 10 
B)  15 to 25 
C)  50 to 75 
D)  90 to 95

Question 6

Short Case-Study Questions  
Michael Fern is a 21-year-old college student majoring in electrical engineering. His medical history is unremarkable. He comes to his family doctor for the second time this month because of symptoms of lethargy, fatigue, weight loss, and frequent thirst and urination.
-The registered dietitian visits with Michael to instruct him on his diabetic diet. What is important for Michael to know about consuming alcohol?

Accepted Answer

A)  He should not consume any alcohol. 
B)  He should consume food when he ingests alcoholic beverages to avoid hypoglycemia. 
C)  He should limit his food intake prior to consuming alcohol in order to avoid hyperglycemia. 
D)  Excessive alcohol intake will likely cause severe hypoglycemia. 
A)  He should not consume any alcohol. 
B)  He should consume food when he ingests alcoholic beverages to avoid hypoglycemia. 
C)  He should limit his food intake prior to consuming alcohol in order to avoid hyperglycemia. 
D)  Excessive alcohol intake will likely cause severe hypoglycemia.

Question 7

A blood glucose level between 100 and 125 mg/dL after an 8-hour fast would be classified as ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  impaired fasting glucose 
B)  hypoglycemia 
C)  impaired glucose tolerance 
D)  normal fasting glucose 
A)  impaired fasting glucose 
B)  hypoglycemia 
C)  impaired glucose tolerance 
D)  normal fasting glucose

Question 8

The goal of diabetes treatment is an HbA  1c  value under ____ percent.

Accepted Answer

A)  5 
B)  7 
C)  9 
D)  10 
A)  5 
B)  7 
C)  9 
D)  10

Question 9

As per the carbohydrate-counting meal plan, how many grams of carbohydrates is in 2 cups of brown rice and a cup of red beans?

Accepted Answer

A)  100 grams 
B)  120 grams 
C)  150 grams 
D)  175 grams 
A)  100 grams 
B)  120 grams 
C)  150 grams 
D)  175 grams

Question 10

The newborn of a mother with diabetes is at greater risk of which metabolic condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypocalcemia 
B)  sepsis 
C)  transient tachypnea 
D)  congenital heart disease 
A)  hypocalcemia 
B)  sepsis 
C)  transient tachypnea 
D)  congenital heart disease

Question 11

About ____ percent of persons with diabetes are unaware that they have it.

Accepted Answer

A)  7 
B)  17 
C)  24 
D)  37 
A)  7 
B)  17 
C)  24 
D)  37

Question 12

Short-acting insulin begins to act ____ after it is injected.

Accepted Answer

A)  15 to 20 minutes 
B)  30 to 60 minutes 
C)  1 to 3 hours 
D)  2 to 4 hours 
A)  15 to 20 minutes 
B)  30 to 60 minutes 
C)  1 to 3 hours 
D)  2 to 4 hours

Question 13

Describe the variations in insulin preparations available for the treatment of diabetes.

Accepted Answer

The forms of insulin that are commercial

Question 14

Discuss sick-day management for people with diabetes.

Accepted Answer

Illness, infection, or injury can cause

Question 15

Short Case-Study Questions  
Michael Fern is a 21-year-old college student majoring in electrical engineering. His medical history is unremarkable. He comes to his family doctor for the second time this month because of symptoms of lethargy, fatigue, weight loss, and frequent thirst and urination.
-After 6 months, Michael's endocrinologist orders an insulin pump. Which best describes the use of an insulin pump with type 1 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hyperglycemia is not a concern with the insulin pump. 
B)  Hypoglycemia can occur with insulin treatment. 
C)  Michael does not need to follow a modified diet. 
D)  Michael no longer needs to worry about exercising. 
A)  Hyperglycemia is not a concern with the insulin pump. 
B)  Hypoglycemia can occur with insulin treatment. 
C)  Michael does not need to follow a modified diet. 
D)  Michael no longer needs to worry about exercising.

Question 16

Which antidiabetic drug is sometimes prescribed for type 2 diabetic women during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A)  glimepiride 
B)  nateglinide 
C)  repaglinide 
D)  glyburide 
A)  glimepiride 
B)  nateglinide 
C)  repaglinide 
D)  glyburide

Question 17

Emily has gestational diabetes and a BMI of 33. What nutrition recommendation should be made for Emily for weight control during her pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Strive to lose 11 to 14 lb by the end of her pregnancy. 
B)  Increase carbohydrate intake to 55 to 60% of total energy. 
C)  Reduce kcalorie intake by 30% to slow further weight gain. 
D)  Continue with a normal diet and strive to lose weight after pregnancy. 
A)  Strive to lose 11 to 14 lb by the end of her pregnancy. 
B)  Increase carbohydrate intake to 55 to 60% of total energy. 
C)  Reduce kcalorie intake by 30% to slow further weight gain. 
D)  Continue with a normal diet and strive to lose weight after pregnancy.

Question 18

Diabetic ketoacidosis can develop when blood glucose is greater than ____ mg/dL.

Accepted Answer

A)  250 
B)  450 
C)  650 
D)  700 
A)  250 
B)  450 
C)  650 
D)  700

Question 19

Inflammation of endothelial tissue, obesity, and insulin resistance can all contribute to blood clots by promoting the increased production of procoagulant proteins such as ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  hirudin 
B)  fibrinogen 
C)  dicoumarol 
D)  andexanet alfa 
A)  hirudin 
B)  fibrinogen 
C)  dicoumarol 
D)  andexanet alfa

Question 20

The oral glucose tolerance test uses a glucose load of ____ grams.

Accepted Answer

A)  25 
B)  50 
C)  75 
D)  100 
A)  25 
B)  50 
C)  75 
D)  100

Exam 26: Diabetes Mellitus

Diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome include very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels of ____ mg/dL or higher.

Diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome include a fasting plasma glucose of ____ mg/dL or higher.

Which ethnic population has the lowest relative risk for developing type 2 diabetes?

How does obesity lead to the development of hypertriglyceridemia?

Type 1 diabetes accounts for ____ percent of diabetes cases in the United States.

A blood glucose level between 100 and 125 mg/dL after an 8-hour fast would be classified as ____.

The goal of diabetes treatment is an HbA 1c value under ____ percent.

As per the carbohydrate-counting meal plan, how many grams of carbohydrates is in 2 cups of brown rice and a cup of red beans?

The newborn of a mother with diabetes is at greater risk of which metabolic condition?

About ____ percent of persons with diabetes are unaware that they have it.

Short-acting insulin begins to act ____ after it is injected.

Describe the variations in insulin preparations available for the treatment of diabetes.

Discuss sick-day management for people with diabetes.

Which antidiabetic drug is sometimes prescribed for type 2 diabetic women during pregnancy?

Emily has gestational diabetes and a BMI of 33. What nutrition recommendation should be made for Emily for weight control during her pregnancy?

Diabetic ketoacidosis can develop when blood glucose is greater than ____ mg/dL.

Inflammation of endothelial tissue, obesity, and insulin resistance can all contribute to blood clots by promoting the increased production of procoagulant proteins such as ____.

The oral glucose tolerance test uses a glucose load of ____ grams.

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugar, Starches, and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Energy Metabolism

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

Filters

The goal of diabetes treatment is an HbA _1c value under ____ percent.