Question 1

Pigments found in plants responsible for the color changes in autumn leaves are ________.

Accepted Answer

xanthopylls

Question 2

Pigments founds in plants and animals, some of which have vitamin A activity are ________.

Accepted Answer

carotenoids

Question 3

Which of the following is a light-sensitive pigment found within the retina?

Accepted Answer

A)  rhodopsin 
B)  opsin 
C)  melanin 
D)  chlorophyll 
E)  xanthophylls 
A)  rhodopsin 
B)  opsin 
C)  melanin 
D)  chlorophyll 
E)  xanthophylls A

Question 4

Which is the least toxic of the fat-soluble vitamins?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  E 
C)  K 
D)  D  2  
E)  D  3  
A)  A 
B)  E 
C)  K 
D)  D  2  
E)  D  3

Question 5

Which of the following statements about vitamin D's role in the body is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adequate intake slows the progression of Parkinson's disease. 
B)  Evidence shows supplementation has health benefits beyond correcting deficiencies. 
C)  It signals cells of the immune system to defend against infectious diseases. 
D)  Gene activity that regulates cell growth is enhanced or suppressed. 
E)  It may protect against hypertension, inflammation, and type 2 diabetes. 
A)  Adequate intake slows the progression of Parkinson's disease. 
B)  Evidence shows supplementation has health benefits beyond correcting deficiencies. 
C)  It signals cells of the immune system to defend against infectious diseases. 
D)  Gene activity that regulates cell growth is enhanced or suppressed. 
E)  It may protect against hypertension, inflammation, and type 2 diabetes.

Question 6

Vitamin D's specific role in bone health is to assist in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the secretion of calciol 
B)  the synthesis of 7-dehydrocholesterol 
C)  the synthesis of carotenoids 
D)  calcium and phosphorus absorption and calcium mobilization from bone 
E)  converting magnesium and fluoride to more readily absorbable compounds 
A)  the secretion of calciol 
B)  the synthesis of 7-dehydrocholesterol 
C)  the synthesis of carotenoids 
D)  calcium and phosphorus absorption and calcium mobilization from bone 
E)  converting magnesium and fluoride to more readily absorbable compounds

Question 7

At birth, a single dose of vitamin ________ is given by intramuscular injection.

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  D  2  
C)  D  3  
D)  E 
E)  K 
A)  A 
B)  D  2  
C)  D  3  
D)  E 
E)  K

Question 8

What happens to an animal raised on retinoic acid as its only source of vitamin A?

Accepted Answer

A)  It becomes blind. 
B)  It cannot reproduce. 
C)  Its growth is stunted. 
D)  It grows to an abnormally large size. 
E)  It produces more offspring. 
A)  It becomes blind. 
B)  It cannot reproduce. 
C)  Its growth is stunted. 
D)  It grows to an abnormally large size. 
E)  It produces more offspring.

Question 9

Which of the following is a good source of vitamin K?

Accepted Answer

A)  pumpkin seeds 
B)  bananas 
C)  corn 
D)  brussel sprouts 
E)  egg yolks 
A)  pumpkin seeds 
B)  bananas 
C)  corn 
D)  brussel sprouts 
E)  egg yolks

Question 10

Peak bone mass is developed by age ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  5 
B)  10 
C)  15 
D)  30 
E)  60 
A)  5 
B)  10 
C)  15 
D)  30 
E)  60

Question 11

Retinol-binding protein picks up vitamin A from the ________ and carries it to the blood.

Accepted Answer

A)  intestines 
B)  kidneys 
C)  liver 
D)  pancreas 
E)  gallbladder 
A)  intestines 
B)  kidneys 
C)  liver 
D)  pancreas 
E)  gallbladder

Question 12

What effect does vitamin A have on acne?

Accepted Answer

Adolescents need to know that massive do

Question 13

Risk for toxicity is greater for ______ vitamins because they are not easily _________

Accepted Answer

A)  water-soluble, absorbed 
B)  fat-soluble, excreted 
C)  B, destroyed 
D)  cooked, metabolized 
E)  uncooked, digested 
A)  water-soluble, absorbed 
B)  fat-soluble, excreted 
C)  B, destroyed 
D)  cooked, metabolized 
E)  uncooked, digested

Question 14

Which of the following proteins is responsible for transporting vitamin A from the liver to other tissues?

Accepted Answer

A)  albumin 
B)  rhodopsin 
C)  retinol-binding protein 
D)  transcarotenoid protein 
E)  RBC 
A)  albumin 
B)  rhodopsin 
C)  retinol-binding protein 
D)  transcarotenoid protein 
E)  RBC

Question 15

The active vitamin E compound is ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The active vitamin E compound is ____________________....

Question 16

What is the alcohol form of vitamin A?

Accepted Answer

A)  retinal 
B)  beta-carotene 
C)  retinol 
D)  retinoic 
E)  alpha-carotene 
A)  retinal 
B)  beta-carotene 
C)  retinol 
D)  retinoic 
E)  alpha-carotene

Question 17

If a normal, healthy adult stopped eating vitamin A-containing foods, deficiency symptoms would begin to appear in about ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  6 weeks 
B)  2 to 3 months 
C)  3 to 6 months 
D)  6 months to 1 year 
E)  1 to 2 years 
A)  6 weeks 
B)  2 to 3 months 
C)  3 to 6 months 
D)  6 months to 1 year 
E)  1 to 2 years

Question 18

Which of the following accurately describes vitamin D from the sun?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sunscreens with an SPF of 8 or higher increase vitamin D synthesis. 
B)  Only about one-half of the world's population relies on sunlight to maintain adequate vitamin D nutrition. 
C)  Prolonged exposure to sunlight degrades the vitamin D precursor in skin, thus preventing vitamin D toxicity. 
D)  For someone living in Chicago, vitamin D stores from the summer months are usually sufficient to meet the needs during the winter. 
E)  Pigments in dark skins increase vitamin D synthesis. 
A)  Sunscreens with an SPF of 8 or higher increase vitamin D synthesis. 
B)  Only about one-half of the world's population relies on sunlight to maintain adequate vitamin D nutrition. 
C)  Prolonged exposure to sunlight degrades the vitamin D precursor in skin, thus preventing vitamin D toxicity. 
D)  For someone living in Chicago, vitamin D stores from the summer months are usually sufficient to meet the needs during the winter. 
E)  Pigments in dark skins increase vitamin D synthesis.

Question 19

Explain the potential difficulties in obtaining the recommended amounts of vitamin D from the sun.

Accepted Answer

Most of the world's population relies on

Question 20

Which of the following nutrients did researchers recognize first?

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin D 
B)  vitamin K 
C)  calcitriol 
D)  vitamin A 
E)  vitamin E 
A)  vitamin D 
B)  vitamin K 
C)  calcitriol 
D)  vitamin A 
E)  vitamin E

Exam 11: The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Pigments found in plants responsible for the color changes in autumn leaves are ________.

Pigments founds in plants and animals, some of which have vitamin A activity are ________.

Which of the following is a light-sensitive pigment found within the retina?

Which is the least toxic of the fat-soluble vitamins?

Which of the following statements about vitamin D's role in the body is FALSE?

Vitamin D's specific role in bone health is to assist in ________.

At birth, a single dose of vitamin ________ is given by intramuscular injection.

What happens to an animal raised on retinoic acid as its only source of vitamin A?

Which of the following is a good source of vitamin K?

Peak bone mass is developed by age ________.

Retinol-binding protein picks up vitamin A from the ________ and carries it to the blood.

What effect does vitamin A have on acne?

Risk for toxicity is greater for ______ vitamins because they are not easily _________

Which of the following proteins is responsible for transporting vitamin A from the liver to other tissues?

The active vitamin E compound is ____________________.

What is the alcohol form of vitamin A?

If a normal, healthy adult stopped eating vitamin A-containing foods, deficiency symptoms would begin to appear in about ________.

Which of the following accurately describes vitamin D from the sun?

Explain the potential difficulties in obtaining the recommended amounts of vitamin D from the sun.

Which of the following nutrients did researchers recognize first?

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugar, Starches, and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Energy Metabolism

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

Filters

Risk for toxicity is greater for vitamins because they are not easily ___