Question 1

Which type of medication would most likely be administered to a patient with cirrhosis to control ascites?

Accepted Answer

A)  diuretics 
B)  anti-inflammatories 
C)  antibiotics 
D)  pancreatic enzyme supplements 
A)  diuretics 
B)  anti-inflammatories 
C)  antibiotics 
D)  pancreatic enzyme supplements A

Question 2

The characteristic yellowing of the skin associated with jaundice is caused by the accumulation of ____ in the blood.

Accepted Answer

A)  bilirubin 
B)  bile 
C)  triglycerides 
D)  alkaline phosphatase 
A)  bilirubin 
B)  bile 
C)  triglycerides 
D)  alkaline phosphatase A

Question 3

In what ways do immunosuppressant drugs given after liver transplant impact nutrition?

Accepted Answer

A)  by increasing sodium excretion 
B)  by causing gastroparesis 
C)  by causing abdominal pain and mouth sores 
D)  by altering calcium absorption 
A)  by increasing sodium excretion 
B)  by causing gastroparesis 
C)  by causing abdominal pain and mouth sores 
D)  by altering calcium absorption C

Question 4

Which clinical feature is associated with severe hepatic encephalopathy?

Accepted Answer

A)  somnolence 
B)  shortened attention span 
C)  slight tremor 
D)  mood changes 
A)  somnolence 
B)  shortened attention span 
C)  slight tremor 
D)  mood changes

Question 5

Normal blood ammonia levels are ____ µg/dL.

Accepted Answer

A)  15 to 45 
B)  45 to 60 
C)  60 to 75 
D)  >75 
A)  15 to 45 
B)  45 to 60 
C)  60 to 75 
D)  >75

Question 6

The dietitian evaluates a patient whose status is post-liver transplant. In addition to a high-kcalorie, high-protein diet, the nutrition education plan should include information on ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  food safety 
B)  blood glucose monitoring 
C)  portion control 
D)  hepatitis information 
A)  food safety 
B)  blood glucose monitoring 
C)  portion control 
D)  hepatitis information

Question 7

Which factor places Ms. Riley-O'Brien most at risk for gallstones?

Accepted Answer

A)  African American race 
B)  relatively young age 
C)  recent pregnancy 
D)  normal weight 
A)  African American race 
B)  relatively young age 
C)  recent pregnancy 
D)  normal weight

Question 8

Match between columns
                        Premises: loss of consciousness resulting from severe liver disease
advanced stage of liver disease in which extensive scarring replaces healthy liver tissue
the small capillary-like passages that carry blood through liver tissue
accumulation of triglycerides in the liver
a procedure that uses small incisions and video camera
a semisolid mass made up of mucus, cholesterol crystals, and bilirubin granules
crystalline deposits that form in the gallbladder primarily from cholesterol
condition characterized by altered neurological functioning, including personality changes, reduced mental abilities, and disturbances in motor function due to elevated ammonia levels
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity
yellow discoloration of skin and eyes due to an accumulation of bilirubin
inflammation of the liver
removal of excess fluid with a surgical puncture and aspirator
surgical removal of the gallbladder
inflammation of the gallbladder
elevated blood pressure in the portal vein often caused by obstructed blood flow through the liver
blood vessels that enlarge in order to allow an alternate pathway for diverted blood
abnormally dilated blood vessels
formation of gallstones

Accepted Answer

The Answer of varices and cholelithiasis and ascites and cirrhosis is...

Question 9

The blood loss associated with ruptured varices in patients with cirrhosis is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  rarely serious 
B)  common but rarely clinically important 
C)  less problematic given current treatment regimens 
D)  exacerbated by the liver's reduced production of clotting factors 
A)  rarely serious 
B)  common but rarely clinically important 
C)  less problematic given current treatment regimens 
D)  exacerbated by the liver's reduced production of clotting factors

Question 10

Within 10 years after the onset of cirrhosis, approximately ____ percent of patients will develop ascites.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  35 
C)  50 
D)  80 
A)  10 
B)  35 
C)  50 
D)  80

Question 11

Isabella is being evaluated for liver transplant surgery. The dietitian finds it difficult to assess her anthropometric values in order to evaluate nutritional needs because ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  she may have edema or ascites 
B)  her intake may be inadequate due to esophageal varices 
C)  she is receiving nutrients via parenteral nutrition 
D)  she is suffering from steatorrhea 
A)  she may have edema or ascites 
B)  her intake may be inadequate due to esophageal varices 
C)  she is receiving nutrients via parenteral nutrition 
D)  she is suffering from steatorrhea

Question 12

Outbreaks of hepatitis ____ are often associated with natural disasters such as floods.

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D

Question 13

In patients with cirrhosis, the restricted blood flow within the liver stimulates the release of ____ in nearby arterioles, which leads to a greater volume of portal blood.

Accepted Answer

A)  vasodilators 
B)  bile acids 
C)  insulin 
D)  pancreatic enzymes 
A)  vasodilators 
B)  bile acids 
C)  insulin 
D)  pancreatic enzymes

Question 14

The nonsurgical procedure that uses high-amplitude sound waves to fragment gallstones or kidney stones is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  colectomy 
B)  lithotripsy 
C)  cholecystectomy 
D)  cholecystitis 
A)  colectomy 
B)  lithotripsy 
C)  cholecystectomy 
D)  cholecystitis

Question 15

One of the role of stem cells in the bone marrow is ________

Accepted Answer

A)  to differentiate into red blood cells 
B)  to secrete erythropoietin 
C)  to aid in the production of additional vitamin B  12  
D)  to carry hemoglobin and oxygen to body tissues 
A)  to differentiate into red blood cells 
B)  to secrete erythropoietin 
C)  to aid in the production of additional vitamin B  12  
D)  to carry hemoglobin and oxygen to body tissues

Question 16

The primary treatment for fatty liver is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  eliminating causative factors that are responsible for the fatty liver disease 
B)  surgically resecting the damaged portions of the liver 
C)  administering anti-inflammatory drugs 
D)  administering frequent transfusions of packed red blood cells 
A)  eliminating causative factors that are responsible for the fatty liver disease 
B)  surgically resecting the damaged portions of the liver 
C)  administering anti-inflammatory drugs 
D)  administering frequent transfusions of packed red blood cells

Question 17

A patient who has undergone cholecystectomy is at risk for ____ owing to an increased amount of bile in the large intestine.

Accepted Answer

A)  constipation 
B)  dyspepsia 
C)  diarrhea 
D)  jaundice 
A)  constipation 
B)  dyspepsia 
C)  diarrhea 
D)  jaundice

Question 18

What type of dietary interaction has been seen with the appetite stimulants dronabinol?

Accepted Answer

A)  Licorice root interferes with its effects. 
B)  It potentiates the effects of alcohol. 
C)  Grapefruit juice can raise its concentrations. 
D)  Its effectiveness may be reduced by calcium and magnesium supplements. 
A)  Licorice root interferes with its effects. 
B)  It potentiates the effects of alcohol. 
C)  Grapefruit juice can raise its concentrations. 
D)  Its effectiveness may be reduced by calcium and magnesium supplements.

Question 19

Liver inflammation associated with fatty liver disease is known as ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  hepatomegaly 
B)  steatohepatitis 
C)  steatorrhea 
D)  hepatic encephalopathy 
A)  hepatomegaly 
B)  steatohepatitis 
C)  steatorrhea 
D)  hepatic encephalopathy

Question 20

Advanced cirrhosis is usually associated with malnutrition. It can disrupt functions of which of the following organs?

Accepted Answer

A)  heart, spleen, and pancreas 
B)  kidney, lungs, and brain 
C)  gallbladder, heart, and appendix 
D)  colon, stomach, and rectum 
A)  heart, spleen, and pancreas 
B)  kidney, lungs, and brain 
C)  gallbladder, heart, and appendix 
D)  colon, stomach, and rectum

Exam 25: Liver Disease and Gallstones

Which type of medication would most likely be administered to a patient with cirrhosis to control ascites?

The characteristic yellowing of the skin associated with jaundice is caused by the accumulation of ____ in the blood.

In what ways do immunosuppressant drugs given after liver transplant impact nutrition?

Which clinical feature is associated with severe hepatic encephalopathy?

Normal blood ammonia levels are ____ µg/dL.

The dietitian evaluates a patient whose status is post-liver transplant. In addition to a high-kcalorie, high-protein diet, the nutrition education plan should include information on ____.

Which factor places Ms. Riley-O'Brien most at risk for gallstones?

The blood loss associated with ruptured varices in patients with cirrhosis is ____.

Within 10 years after the onset of cirrhosis, approximately ____ percent of patients will develop ascites.

Isabella is being evaluated for liver transplant surgery. The dietitian finds it difficult to assess her anthropometric values in order to evaluate nutritional needs because ____.

Outbreaks of hepatitis ____ are often associated with natural disasters such as floods.

In patients with cirrhosis, the restricted blood flow within the liver stimulates the release of ____ in nearby arterioles, which leads to a greater volume of portal blood.

The nonsurgical procedure that uses high-amplitude sound waves to fragment gallstones or kidney stones is called ______.

One of the role of stem cells in the bone marrow is ________

The primary treatment for fatty liver is ____.

A patient who has undergone cholecystectomy is at risk for ____ owing to an increased amount of bile in the large intestine.

What type of dietary interaction has been seen with the appetite stimulants dronabinol?

Liver inflammation associated with fatty liver disease is known as ____.

Advanced cirrhosis is usually associated with malnutrition. It can disrupt functions of which of the following organs?

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugar, Starches, and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Energy Metabolism

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

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