Question 1

Which statement about cancer defense is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Natural killer and T cytotoxic cells destroy cancer cells. 
B)  Cancer antigens stimulate a strong immune response. 
C)  Monoclonal antibodies can deliver toxic drugs to cancer cells. 
D)  T cells produce interleukins, which defend against cancer. 
E)  Macrophages produce tumor necrosis factor, which inhibits tumor growth. 
A)  Natural killer and T cytotoxic cells destroy cancer cells. 
B)  Cancer antigens stimulate a strong immune response. 
C)  Monoclonal antibodies can deliver toxic drugs to cancer cells. 
D)  T cells produce interleukins, which defend against cancer. 
E)  Macrophages produce tumor necrosis factor, which inhibits tumor growth.

Question 2

Which statement concerning pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS) is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are features of pathogens recognized by animal cells. 
B)  They trigger activation of phagocytes. 
C)  They react with specific receptors on host cells. 
D)  They are found on all microbes except viruses. 
E)  The peptidoglycan of gram-positive bacteria is an example. 
A)  They are features of pathogens recognized by animal cells. 
B)  They trigger activation of phagocytes. 
C)  They react with specific receptors on host cells. 
D)  They are found on all microbes except viruses. 
E)  The peptidoglycan of gram-positive bacteria is an example.

Question 3

Match between columns
                        Premises: Defends against inhaled and ingested pathogens

Accepted Answer

The Answer of IgA and IgG and IgE and IgM is...

Question 4

Which of the following results from the combination of antibodies and antigens?

Accepted Answer

A)  Activation of the pathogen 
B)  Formation of cytotoxic T cells 
C)  Stimulation of phagocytosis 
D)  Activation of toxins 
E)  Inactivation of the complement system 
A)  Activation of the pathogen 
B)  Formation of cytotoxic T cells 
C)  Stimulation of phagocytosis 
D)  Activation of toxins 
E)  Inactivation of the complement system

Question 5

Which cells stimulate B cells to divide and produce antibodies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mast cells 
B)  Macrophages 
C)  NK cells 
D)  TC cells 
E)  TH cells 
A)  Mast cells 
B)  Macrophages 
C)  NK cells 
D)  TC cells 
E)  TH cells

Question 6

Cell-mediated immunity is directed by:

Accepted Answer

A)  B cells, which secrete antibodies. 
B)  T cells, which secrete antibodies. 
C)  macrophages, which produce histamines. 
D)  B cells, which react with APCs. 
E)  T cells, which react with APCs. 
A)  B cells, which secrete antibodies. 
B)  T cells, which secrete antibodies. 
C)  macrophages, which produce histamines. 
D)  B cells, which react with APCs. 
E)  T cells, which react with APCs.

Question 7

What must happen in order for a donor organ to not be rejected by the recipient?

Accepted Answer

A)  The MHC complexes need to match as closely as possible. 
B)  The recipient's plasma cells will be inactivated. 
C)  The recipient's passive immunity pathway will be activated. 
D)  The NK cells of the recipient will be inactivated. 
E)  The cytotoxic T cells will be inactivated. 
A)  The MHC complexes need to match as closely as possible. 
B)  The recipient's plasma cells will be inactivated. 
C)  The recipient's passive immunity pathway will be activated. 
D)  The NK cells of the recipient will be inactivated. 
E)  The cytotoxic T cells will be inactivated.

Question 8

Protease inhibitors:

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibit the action of reverse transcriptase. 
B)  are glycoproteins found in saliva. 
C)  result in viral copies that cannot infect new cells. 
D)  can cure AIDS patients. 
E)  destroy helper T cells. 
A)  inhibit the action of reverse transcriptase. 
B)  are glycoproteins found in saliva. 
C)  result in viral copies that cannot infect new cells. 
D)  can cure AIDS patients. 
E)  destroy helper T cells.

Question 9

Natural killer cells destroy target cells by:

Accepted Answer

A)  releasing antibiotics, which break down the cell membranes. 
B)  releasing cytokines and enzymes that trigger apoptosis. 
C)  releasing histamine, which signals other blood cells to aggregate. 
D)  phagocytosis, after the cells are targeted by antibodies. 
E)  releasing lysosomal enzymes, which digest the target cells. 
A)  releasing antibiotics, which break down the cell membranes. 
B)  releasing cytokines and enzymes that trigger apoptosis. 
C)  releasing histamine, which signals other blood cells to aggregate. 
D)  phagocytosis, after the cells are targeted by antibodies. 
E)  releasing lysosomal enzymes, which digest the target cells.

Question 10

T cells that react with self-antigens are destroyed through:

Accepted Answer

A)  cytokinesis. 
B)  macrophages. 
C)  perforins. 
D)  apoptosis. 
E)  receptor mediated endocytosis. 
A)  cytokinesis. 
B)  macrophages. 
C)  perforins. 
D)  apoptosis. 
E)  receptor mediated endocytosis.

Question 11

Which of the following are active against tumor cells and cells infected with some types of viruses?

Accepted Answer

A)  Natural killer cells 
B)  Plasma cells 
C)  Macrophages 
D)  T helper cells 
E)  Cytotoxic T cells 
A)  Natural killer cells 
B)  Plasma cells 
C)  Macrophages 
D)  T helper cells 
E)  Cytotoxic T cells

Question 12

Which regulatory protein is mismatched with its function?

Accepted Answer

A)  Type I interferons-inhibit viral replication 
B)  interleukin-1-resets body's thermostat, resulting in fever 
C)  tumor necrosis factor-kills tumor cells 
D)  cytokines-secrete antibodies 
E)  Type II interferons-stimulate macrophages to destroy tumor cells 
A)  Type I interferons-inhibit viral replication 
B)  interleukin-1-resets body's thermostat, resulting in fever 
C)  tumor necrosis factor-kills tumor cells 
D)  cytokines-secrete antibodies 
E)  Type II interferons-stimulate macrophages to destroy tumor cells

Question 13

Nonspecific cell responses depend on the actions of lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Each T cytotoxic cell expresses CD8 and 50,000 identical T cell receptors on its surface.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Match between columns
                        Premises: Transferred from mother to fetus

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Artificially induced passive and Naturally induced active is...

Question 16

During a specific defense, the process of increasing the numbers of the selected cells is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  mitotic expansion. 
B)  clonal selection. 
C)  divisional activation. 
D)  lymphocytic activation. 
E)  memory establishment. 
A)  mitotic expansion. 
B)  clonal selection. 
C)  divisional activation. 
D)  lymphocytic activation. 
E)  memory establishment.

Question 17

Animal cells recognize common types of pathogen-associated molecules and activate the production of antimicrobial peptides.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Fever helps the body fight infection in which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased body temperature decreases phagocytosis. 
B)  Fever causes the creation of lysosomes. 
C)  Fever inhibits the growth of some microorganisms. 
D)  Fever reduces lymphocyte activity. 
E)  Fever increases capillary permeability. 
A)  Increased body temperature decreases phagocytosis. 
B)  Fever causes the creation of lysosomes. 
C)  Fever inhibits the growth of some microorganisms. 
D)  Fever reduces lymphocyte activity. 
E)  Fever increases capillary permeability.

Question 19

Which of the following binds with receptors on phagocytes and other cells of the immune system, and also binds with molecules of the complement system?

Accepted Answer

A)  IgG 
B)  IgM 
C)  Heavy chain 
D)  Light chain 
E)  Fc fragment 
A)  IgG 
B)  IgM 
C)  Heavy chain 
D)  Light chain 
E)  Fc fragment

Question 20

The lymphocytes that are involved in nonspecifically killing altered self-cells, such as tumor cells and virus infected cells, are the:

Accepted Answer

A)  monocytes 
B)  natural killer cells 
C)  neutrophils 
D)  B cells 
E)  eosinophils 
A)  monocytes 
B)  natural killer cells 
C)  neutrophils 
D)  B cells 
E)  eosinophils

Exam 45: The Immune System: Internal Defense

Which statement about cancer defense is FALSE?

Which statement concerning pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS) is FALSE?

Which of the following results from the combination of antibodies and antigens?

Which cells stimulate B cells to divide and produce antibodies?

Cell-mediated immunity is directed by:

What must happen in order for a donor organ to not be rejected by the recipient?

Protease inhibitors:

Natural killer cells destroy target cells by:

T cells that react with self-antigens are destroyed through:

Which of the following are active against tumor cells and cells infected with some types of viruses?

Which regulatory protein is mismatched with its function?

Nonspecific cell responses depend on the actions of lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells.

Each T cytotoxic cell expresses CD8 and 50,000 identical T cell receptors on its surface.

During a specific defense, the process of increasing the numbers of the selected cells is called:

Animal cells recognize common types of pathogen-associated molecules and activate the production of antimicrobial peptides.

Fever helps the body fight infection in which of the following ways?

Which of the following binds with receptors on phagocytes and other cells of the immune system, and also binds with molecules of the complement system?

The lymphocytes that are involved in nonspecifically killing altered self-cells, such as tumor cells and virus infected cells, are the:

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

DNA: The Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

DNA Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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