Question 1

Sapwood develops from:

Accepted Answer

A)  secondary xylem. 
B)  secondary phloem. 
C)  primary phloem. 
D)  primary xylem. 
E)  cork parenchyma. 
A)  secondary xylem. 
B)  secondary phloem. 
C)  primary phloem. 
D)  primary xylem. 
E)  cork parenchyma.

Question 2

The thin layer of meristematic cells located between xylem and phloem is referred to as the:

Accepted Answer

A)  apical meristem. 
B)  collenchyma. 
C)  cork cambium. 
D)  vascular cambium. 
E)  pith. 
A)  apical meristem. 
B)  collenchyma. 
C)  cork cambium. 
D)  vascular cambium. 
E)  pith.

Question 3

Figure 35-1 ​
 
In the accompanying figure, the structure labeled as 2 is:

Accepted Answer

A)  known as wood. 
B)  produced by cork cambium (not shown). 
C)  composed largely of secondary tissue. 
D)  composed largely of cells that are alive at maturity. 
E)  commonly called scales. 
A)  known as wood. 
B)  produced by cork cambium (not shown). 
C)  composed largely of secondary tissue. 
D)  composed largely of cells that are alive at maturity. 
E)  commonly called scales.

Question 4

In a monocot stem, vascular bundles are arranged in a circle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Monocots such as palms and bamboo achieve considerable increase in girth by:

Accepted Answer

A)  a modified form of secondary growth in which parenchyma cells divide and enlarge. 
B)  primary growth. 
C)  a modified form of primary growth in which parenchyma cells divide and enlarge. 
D)  enlargement of primary xylem. 
E)  enlargement of primary phloem. 
A)  a modified form of secondary growth in which parenchyma cells divide and enlarge. 
B)  primary growth. 
C)  a modified form of primary growth in which parenchyma cells divide and enlarge. 
D)  enlargement of primary xylem. 
E)  enlargement of primary phloem.

Question 6

Hardwood is the wood of _____ and softwood is the wood of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  flowering plants; conifers 
B)  conifers; flowering plants 
C)  conifers; bryophytes 
D)  flowering plants; bryophytes 
E)  conifers; ferns 
A)  flowering plants; conifers 
B)  conifers; flowering plants 
C)  conifers; bryophytes 
D)  flowering plants; bryophytes 
E)  conifers; ferns

Question 7

Match between columns
                        Premises: Attraction of water molecules

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Water potential and Transpiration and Tension-cohesion model is...

Question 8

Match between columns
                        Premises: Attraction among water molecules

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Tension-cohesion model and Water potential and Root is...

Question 9

Periderm is the functional replacement of the bark.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Guttation results from:

Accepted Answer

A)  water pressure. 
B)  transpiration pull. 
C)  osmotic pressure. 
D)  root pressure. 
E)  sink-to-source transport. 
A)  water pressure. 
B)  transpiration pull. 
C)  osmotic pressure. 
D)  root pressure. 
E)  sink-to-source transport.

Question 11

Springwood has narrower conducting cells and many fibers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Lenticels function to:

Accepted Answer

A)  protect undeveloped embryonic shoots. 
B)  permit gas exchange through the periderm. 
C)  support leaves and flowers. 
D)  absorb water and dissolved nutrient minerals. 
E)  anchor a plant in the ground. 
A)  protect undeveloped embryonic shoots. 
B)  permit gas exchange through the periderm. 
C)  support leaves and flowers. 
D)  absorb water and dissolved nutrient minerals. 
E)  anchor a plant in the ground.

Question 13

Functional secondary xylem that conducts water and dissolved minerals is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  softwood. 
B)  springwood. 
C)  hardwood. 
D)  sapwood. 
E)  heartwood. 
A)  softwood. 
B)  springwood. 
C)  hardwood. 
D)  sapwood. 
E)  heartwood.

Question 14

In a plant, most water is transported vertically by being pushed to the top.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The transport of sucrose from companion cells into sieve tube elements depends upon ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion 
B)  pump 
C)  cotransport 
D)  antitransport 
E)  osmosis 
A)  diffusion 
B)  pump 
C)  cotransport 
D)  antitransport 
E)  osmosis

Question 16

Sugar is translocated in phloem from a ______, an area of high sugar concentration, to a ______, an area of low sugar concentration.

Accepted Answer

A)  root; leaf 
B)  source; sink 
C)  sink; root 
D)  leaf; source 
E)  sink; source 
A)  root; leaf 
B)  source; sink 
C)  sink; root 
D)  leaf; source 
E)  sink; source

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the cortex is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It secretes a protective layer of cutin. 
B)  It is at the core of the herbaceous eudicot stem. 
C)  It is filled with cork cells. 
D)  It translocates sugar by means of a pressure gradient. 
E)  It may contain collenchyma and sclerenchyma. 
A)  It secretes a protective layer of cutin. 
B)  It is at the core of the herbaceous eudicot stem. 
C)  It is filled with cork cells. 
D)  It translocates sugar by means of a pressure gradient. 
E)  It may contain collenchyma and sclerenchyma.

Question 18

The outermost cell layer of herbaceous stems is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  bark. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  endodermis. 
D)  epidermis. 
E)  periderm. 
A)  bark. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  endodermis. 
D)  epidermis. 
E)  periderm.

Question 19

Match between columns
                        Premises: Explains the rise of water in all plants including tall ones

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Cohesion and Root pressure and Water potential is...

Question 20

Match between columns
                        Premises: Drives flow of materials between source and sink

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Translocation and Pressure-flow model and Osmosis and is...

Exam 35: Stem Structure and Transport

Sapwood develops from:

The thin layer of meristematic cells located between xylem and phloem is referred to as the:

Figure 35-1 ​ In the accompanying figure, the structure labeled as 2 is:

In a monocot stem, vascular bundles are arranged in a circle.

Monocots such as palms and bamboo achieve considerable increase in girth by:

Hardwood is the wood of _____ and softwood is the wood of ____.

Periderm is the functional replacement of the bark.

Guttation results from:

Springwood has narrower conducting cells and many fibers.

Lenticels function to:

Functional secondary xylem that conducts water and dissolved minerals is known as:

In a plant, most water is transported vertically by being pushed to the top.

The transport of sucrose from companion cells into sieve tube elements depends upon ______.

Sugar is translocated in phloem from a ______, an area of high sugar concentration, to a ______, an area of low sugar concentration.

Which of the following statements about the cortex is true?

The outermost cell layer of herbaceous stems is the:

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

DNA: The Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

DNA Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

Figure 35-1 In the accompanying figure, the structure labeled as 2 is:

Hardwood is the wood of _ and softwood is the wood of .

Sugar is translocated in phloem from a , an area of high sugar concentration, to a , an area of low sugar concentration.