Question 1

Which is necessary for a process to be spontaneous?

Accepted Answer

A)  ΔHsys sys > 0 
C)  ΔSsurr univ > 0 
E)  ΔGsys = 0 
A)  ΔHsys sys > 0 
C)  ΔSsurr univ > 0 
E)  ΔGsys = 0

Question 2

When a sky diver free-falls through the air, the process is

Accepted Answer

A)  nonspontaneous because he is accelerating due to the force applied by gravity. 
B)  nonspontaneous because he is losing potential energy. 
C)  nonspontaneous because he had planned the jump for two weeks. 
D)  spontaneous. 
E)  in equilibrium. 
A)  nonspontaneous because he is accelerating due to the force applied by gravity. 
B)  nonspontaneous because he is losing potential energy. 
C)  nonspontaneous because he had planned the jump for two weeks. 
D)  spontaneous. 
E)  in equilibrium.

Question 3

The temperature at which the following process reaches equilibrium at 1.0 atm is the normal boiling point of hydrogen peroxide. (R = 8.314 J/K • mol) H2O2(l)   H2O2(g)
Use the following thermodynamic information at 298 K to estimate this temperature.

Accepted Answer

A)  120°C 
B)  144°C 
C)  196°C 
D)  418°C 
E)  585°C 
A)  120°C 
B)  144°C 
C)  196°C 
D)  418°C 
E)  585°C

Question 4

Which is always true for an exothermic process?

Accepted Answer

A) qsys > 0, ΔSsurr sys surr > 0 C) qsys surr sys > 0, ΔSsurr > 0 E) w < 0 A) qsys > 0, ΔSsurr sys surr > 0 C) qsys surr sys > 0, ΔSsurr > 0 E) w < 0

Question 5

Which response includes all of the following processes that are accompanied by an increase in entropy? 1. I2(s) → I2(g)
2) 2I(g) → I2(g)
3) 2NH3(g) → N2(g) + 3H2(g)
4) Mg2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) → Mg(OH)2(s)

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2 
B)  1, 3 
C)  3, 4 
D)  3 
E)  2, 4 
A)  1, 2 
B)  1, 3 
C)  3, 4 
D)  3 
E)  2, 4

Question 6

Calculate ΔG°rxn for the following reaction of ammonia with fluorine. 2NH3(g) + 5F2(g) → N2F4(g) + 6HF(g)

Accepted Answer

A)  179.1 kJ/mol 
B)  -179.1 kJ/mol 
C)  1539.7 kJ/mol 
D)  -1539.7 kJ/mol 
E)  -211.9 kJ/mol 
A)  179.1 kJ/mol 
B)  -179.1 kJ/mol 
C)  1539.7 kJ/mol 
D)  -1539.7 kJ/mol 
E)  -211.9 kJ/mol

Question 7

ΔSuniv = -1 for a spontaneous reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Which is necessary for a process to be spontaneous?

When a sky diver free-falls through the air, the process is

The temperature at which the following process reaches equilibrium at 1.0 atm is the normal boiling point of hydrogen peroxide. (R = 8.314 J/K • mol) H₂O₂(l) H₂O₂(g) Use the following thermodynamic information at 298 K to estimate this temperature.

Which is always true for an exothermic process?

Which response includes all of the following processes that are accompanied by an increase in entropy? 1. I₂(s) → I₂(g) 2) 2I(g) → I₂(g) 3) 2NH₃(g) → N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) 4) Mg²⁺(aq) + 2OH^-(aq) → Mg(OH)₂(s)

Calculate ΔG°_rxn for the following reaction of ammonia with fluorine. 2NH₃(g) + 5F₂(g) → N₂F₄(g) + 6HF(g)

ΔS_univ = -1 for a spontaneous reaction.

Chemistry: the Central Science

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Stoichiometry: Ratios of Combination

Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

Thermochemistry

Quantum Theory and the Electronic Structure of Atoms

Electron Configuration and the Periodic Table

Chemical Bonding I: Basic Concepts

Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories

Gases

Intermolecular Forces and the Physical Properties of Liquids and Solids

Modern Materials

Physical Properties of Solutions

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Acid-Base Equilibria and Solubility Equilibria

Electrochemistry

Nuclear Chemistry

Environmental Chemistry

Coordination Chemistry

Metallurgy and the Chemistry of Metals

Nonmetallic Elements and Their Compounds

Organic Chemistry

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Exam 18: Entropy, Free Energy, and Equilibrium

Which is necessary for a process to be spontaneous?

When a sky diver free-falls through the air, the process is

The temperature at which the following process reaches equilibrium at 1.0 atm is the normal boiling point of hydrogen peroxide. (R = 8.314 J/K • mol) H2O2(l) H2O2(g) Use the following thermodynamic information at 298 K to estimate this temperature.

Which is always true for an exothermic process?

Which response includes all of the following processes that are accompanied by an increase in entropy? 1. I2(s) → I2(g) 2) 2I(g) → I2(g) 3) 2NH3(g) → N2(g) + 3H2(g) 4) Mg2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) → Mg(OH)2(s)

Calculate ΔG°rxn for the following reaction of ammonia with fluorine. 2NH3(g) + 5F2(g) → N2F4(g) + 6HF(g)

ΔSuniv = -1 for a spontaneous reaction.

Chemistry: the Central Science

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Stoichiometry: Ratios of Combination

Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

Thermochemistry

Quantum Theory and the Electronic Structure of Atoms

Electron Configuration and the Periodic Table

Chemical Bonding I: Basic Concepts

Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories

Gases

Intermolecular Forces and the Physical Properties of Liquids and Solids

Modern Materials

Physical Properties of Solutions

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Acid-Base Equilibria and Solubility Equilibria

Electrochemistry

Nuclear Chemistry

Environmental Chemistry

Coordination Chemistry

Metallurgy and the Chemistry of Metals

Nonmetallic Elements and Their Compounds

Organic Chemistry

Filters

The temperature at which the following process reaches equilibrium at 1.0 atm is the normal boiling point of hydrogen peroxide. (R = 8.314 J/K • mol) H₂O₂(l) H₂O₂(g) Use the following thermodynamic information at 298 K to estimate this temperature.

Which response includes all of the following processes that are accompanied by an increase in entropy? 1. I₂(s) → I₂(g) 2) 2I(g) → I₂(g) 3) 2NH₃(g) → N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) 4) Mg²⁺(aq) + 2OH^-(aq) → Mg(OH)₂(s)

Calculate ΔG°_rxn for the following reaction of ammonia with fluorine. 2NH₃(g) + 5F₂(g) → N₂F₄(g) + 6HF(g)

ΔS_univ = -1 for a spontaneous reaction.