Question 1

You are NOT likely to find a nucleus in

Accepted Answer

A)  parenchyma cells. 
B)  companion cells. 
C)  collenchyma cells. 
D)  sclerenchyma cells. 
E)  cells of a carrot root. 
A)  parenchyma cells. 
B)  companion cells. 
C)  collenchyma cells. 
D)  sclerenchyma cells. 
E)  cells of a carrot root.

Question 2

In a dicot stem, the_________ is between the vascular cambium and the cork cambium.

Accepted Answer

A)  apical meristem 
B)  pith 
C)  xylem 
D)  phloem 
E)  cork 
A)  apical meristem 
B)  pith 
C)  xylem 
D)  phloem 
E)  cork

Question 3

In summer, when plant roots are converting sugar to store as starch, the root is the sugar___________ and the leaves are the sugar ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  sink; sink 
B)  sink; source 
C)  sink; source or sink 
D)  source; source 
E)  source; sink 
A)  sink; sink 
B)  sink; source 
C)  sink; source or sink 
D)  source; source 
E)  source; sink

Question 4

Several chemical pollutants from a paper mill are released into the nearby environment. Compound A is rich in calcium and magnesium. Compound B binds tightly to all free polypeptides and proteins in the soil. Compound C is structurally similar to abscisic acid. Based on this scenario, which compound will most likely harm the surrounding vegetation, and what effect(s) will it have on the plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Compound C, because abscisic acid inhibits the active transport of potassium ions and thus closes the stomata, which will interfere with CO2 uptake and H2O transport. 
B)  Compound A, because these minerals will act as toxins to the plant as they are absorbed through the roots. 
C)  Compound B, because it ties up free polypeptides and proteins in the soil, preventing their uptake by plants, which is critical for plant growth. 
A)  Compound C, because abscisic acid inhibits the active transport of potassium ions and thus closes the stomata, which will interfere with CO2 uptake and H2O transport. 
B)  Compound A, because these minerals will act as toxins to the plant as they are absorbed through the roots. 
C)  Compound B, because it ties up free polypeptides and proteins in the soil, preventing their uptake by plants, which is critical for plant growth.

Question 5

The concentration of nutrients in plants is approximately the same as the concentration of nutrients in the surrounding soil.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

What type of cell activity occurs in the meristem regions of plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Photosynthesis 
B)  Mitosis 
C)  Storage of sugar 
D)  Increased water uptake of cells 
E)  Secondary growth 
A)  Photosynthesis 
B)  Mitosis 
C)  Storage of sugar 
D)  Increased water uptake of cells 
E)  Secondary growth

Question 7

Mycorrhizae are symbiotic associations between fungi and plant

Accepted Answer

A)  seeds. 
B)  roots. 
C)  leaves. 
D)  stems. 
E)  flowers. 
A)  seeds. 
B)  roots. 
C)  leaves. 
D)  stems. 
E)  flowers.

Question 8

An opening in the epidermis of the leaf through which water evaporates is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  guard cell. 
B)  pit. 
C)  stoma. 
D)  sieve plate. 
E)  plasmodesmata. 
A)  guard cell. 
B)  pit. 
C)  stoma. 
D)  sieve plate. 
E)  plasmodesmata.

Question 9

The___________ mechanism explains the movement of water and minerals through xylem.

Accepted Answer

A)  bulk-flow 
B)  pressure-flow 
C)  assisted diffusion 
D)  translocation 
E)  cohesion-tension 
A)  bulk-flow 
B)  pressure-flow 
C)  assisted diffusion 
D)  translocation 
E)  cohesion-tension

Question 10

All the following are true of companion cells EXCEPT that they

Accepted Answer

A)  are connected to sieve-tube elements via plasmodesmata. 
B)  cooperate with sieve-tube elements in conducting sugar-rich solutions. 
C)  supply materials to repair the plasma membrane of sieve-tube elements. 
D)  fuse together to form the sieve plates of sieve-tube elements. 
E)  provide proteins and ATP to sieve-tube elements. 
A)  are connected to sieve-tube elements via plasmodesmata. 
B)  cooperate with sieve-tube elements in conducting sugar-rich solutions. 
C)  supply materials to repair the plasma membrane of sieve-tube elements. 
D)  fuse together to form the sieve plates of sieve-tube elements. 
E)  provide proteins and ATP to sieve-tube elements.

Question 11

Parenchyma cells are located in all of the following structures EXCEPT the

Accepted Answer

A)  cuticle. 
B)  vascular tissues. 
C)  pith. 
D)  mesophyll. 
E)  cortex. 
A)  cuticle. 
B)  vascular tissues. 
C)  pith. 
D)  mesophyll. 
E)  cortex.

Question 12

Water-conducting cells that have a small diameter and tapered ends are called

Accepted Answer

A)  collenchyma cells. 
B)  tracheids. 
C)  companion cells. 
D)  sieve-tube elements. 
E)  vessel elements. 
A)  collenchyma cells. 
B)  tracheids. 
C)  companion cells. 
D)  sieve-tube elements. 
E)  vessel elements.

Question 13

The location of the pericycle is best described as

Accepted Answer

A)  between layers of primary xylem and primary phloem. 
B)  a band wrapped around cells of the endodermis. 
C)  the outermost layer of the root vascular cylinder. 
D)  just beneath the epidermis. 
E)  adjacent to the shoot apical meristem. 
A)  between layers of primary xylem and primary phloem. 
B)  a band wrapped around cells of the endodermis. 
C)  the outermost layer of the root vascular cylinder. 
D)  just beneath the epidermis. 
E)  adjacent to the shoot apical meristem.

Question 14

What are plasmodesmata?

Accepted Answer

A)  Organelles that manufacture ATP in roots 
B)  Transport channels for sugars 
C)  Pores that connect the cytosol of neighboring cells 
D)  Root hairs that are adapted for mineral transport 
E)  Nutrients that can be used only by plants 
A)  Organelles that manufacture ATP in roots 
B)  Transport channels for sugars 
C)  Pores that connect the cytosol of neighboring cells 
D)  Root hairs that are adapted for mineral transport 
E)  Nutrients that can be used only by plants

Question 15

You discover several woody bushes growing in your yard. Is it safe to assume that they are perennials? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

Yes; woody secondary

Question 16

Cells that are alive, have thickened cell walls, and support the plant body are

Accepted Answer

A)  parenchyma cells. 
B)  vessel elements. 
C)  collenchyma cells. 
D)  sclerenchyma cells. 
E)  tracheids. 
A)  parenchyma cells. 
B)  vessel elements. 
C)  collenchyma cells. 
D)  sclerenchyma cells. 
E)  tracheids.

Question 17

All of the following are major functions of roots EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  interacting with soil fungi. 
B)  carrying out photosynthesis. 
C)  transporting water and minerals. 
D)  producing hormones. 
E)  storing excess sugars. 
A)  interacting with soil fungi. 
B)  carrying out photosynthesis. 
C)  transporting water and minerals. 
D)  producing hormones. 
E)  storing excess sugars.

Question 18

Which of the following bonds explains the cohesion of water molecules in the cohesion-tension mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Peptide 
B)  Hydrogen 
C)  Disulfide 
D)  Covalent 
E)  Ionic 
A)  Peptide 
B)  Hydrogen 
C)  Disulfide 
D)  Covalent 
E)  Ionic

Question 19

Which of these pathways best summarizes the route of a mineral that is absorbed by a plant?

Accepted Answer

A)  Root hairs → endodermis → cortex → pericycle → xylem 
B)  Root hairs → pericycle → endodermis → endodermis → cortex → xylem 
C)  Root hairs → cortex → epidermis → phloem → xylem 
D)  Root hairs → epidermis → cortex → endodermis → pericycle → xylem 
E)  Root hairs → epidermis → endodermis → cortex → xylem 
A)  Root hairs → endodermis → cortex → pericycle → xylem 
B)  Root hairs → pericycle → endodermis → endodermis → cortex → xylem 
C)  Root hairs → cortex → epidermis → phloem → xylem 
D)  Root hairs → epidermis → cortex → endodermis → pericycle → xylem 
E)  Root hairs → epidermis → endodermis → cortex → xylem

Question 20

Parenchyma tissue is a component of the_________ tissue system.

Accepted Answer

A)  dermal 
B)  ground 
C)  epidermal 
D)  vascular 
E)  phloem 
A)  dermal 
B)  ground 
C)  epidermal 
D)  vascular 
E)  phloem

Exam 44: Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

You are NOT likely to find a nucleus in

In a dicot stem, the_________ is between the vascular cambium and the cork cambium.

In summer, when plant roots are converting sugar to store as starch, the root is the sugar___________ and the leaves are the sugar ___________.

The concentration of nutrients in plants is approximately the same as the concentration of nutrients in the surrounding soil.

What type of cell activity occurs in the meristem regions of plants?

Mycorrhizae are symbiotic associations between fungi and plant

An opening in the epidermis of the leaf through which water evaporates is called a

The___________ mechanism explains the movement of water and minerals through xylem.

All the following are true of companion cells EXCEPT that they

Parenchyma cells are located in all of the following structures EXCEPT the

Water-conducting cells that have a small diameter and tapered ends are called

The location of the pericycle is best described as

What are plasmodesmata?

You discover several woody bushes growing in your yard. Is it safe to assume that they are perennials? Why or why not?

Cells that are alive, have thickened cell walls, and support the plant body are

All of the following are major functions of roots EXCEPT

Which of the following bonds explains the cohesion of water molecules in the cohesion-tension mechanism?

Which of these pathways best summarizes the route of a mineral that is absorbed by a plant?

Parenchyma tissue is a component of the_________ tissue system.

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

Filters

In summer, when plant roots are converting sugar to store as starch, the root is the sugar_ and the leaves are the sugar _.