Question 1

Root hairs develop from the

Accepted Answer

A)  epidermis. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  Casparian strip. 
D)  endodermis. 
E)  pericycle. 
A)  epidermis. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  Casparian strip. 
D)  endodermis. 
E)  pericycle.

Question 2

A plant, by opening and closing its stomata, must achieve a balance between

Accepted Answer

A)  water loss and carbon dioxide uptake. 
B)  oxygen loss and water uptake. 
C)  carbon dioxide uptake and oxygen loss. 
D)  carbon dioxide loss and sugar uptake. 
E)  sugar loss and oxygen uptake. 
A)  water loss and carbon dioxide uptake. 
B)  oxygen loss and water uptake. 
C)  carbon dioxide uptake and oxygen loss. 
D)  carbon dioxide loss and sugar uptake. 
E)  sugar loss and oxygen uptake.

Question 3

Which of these organisms helped biologists determine the contents of phloem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aphids 
B)  Grasshoppers 
C)  Ants 
D)  Termites 
E)  Leafhoppers 
A)  Aphids 
B)  Grasshoppers 
C)  Ants 
D)  Termites 
E)  Leafhoppers

Question 4

Of the major tissue systems associated with land plants, the_________ tissue system covers the outer surface of the primary plant.

Accepted Answer

A)  vascular 
B)  ground 
C)  parenchyma 
D)  dermal 
E)  meristem 
A)  vascular 
B)  ground 
C)  parenchyma 
D)  dermal 
E)  meristem

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT true of sclerenchyma tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  It dies at maturity. 
B)  It is a storage site for sugars and starches. 
C)  It provides support to strengthen the plant. 
D)  It is made up of cells with thickened cell walls. 
E)  It is associated with xylem and phloem in the vascular tissue system. 
A)  It dies at maturity. 
B)  It is a storage site for sugars and starches. 
C)  It provides support to strengthen the plant. 
D)  It is made up of cells with thickened cell walls. 
E)  It is associated with xylem and phloem in the vascular tissue system.

Question 6

Examination of a woody stem reveals that some tissues are dead at maturity. These dead tissues are

Accepted Answer

A)  vascular cambium and primary phloem. 
B)  primary phloem and periderm. 
C)  secondary xylem and secondary phloem. 
D)  sapwood and bark. 
E)  cork and heartwood. 
A)  vascular cambium and primary phloem. 
B)  primary phloem and periderm. 
C)  secondary xylem and secondary phloem. 
D)  sapwood and bark. 
E)  cork and heartwood.

Question 7

_________cells that convert sugar to starch in mature roots are part of the_________ tissue system.

Accepted Answer

A)  Periderm; dermal 
B)  Phloem; vascular 
C)  Xylem; vascular 
D)  Companion; ground 
E)  Parenchyma; ground 
A)  Periderm; dermal 
B)  Phloem; vascular 
C)  Xylem; vascular 
D)  Companion; ground 
E)  Parenchyma; ground

Question 8

When potassium ions are transported into guard cells, water

Accepted Answer

A)  is actively transported into the guard cells. 
B)  enters the guard cells by osmosis. 
C)  leaves the guard cells by osmosis. 
D)  is actively transported out of the guard cells. 
E)  moves to the edge of the guard cell. 
A)  is actively transported into the guard cells. 
B)  enters the guard cells by osmosis. 
C)  leaves the guard cells by osmosis. 
D)  is actively transported out of the guard cells. 
E)  moves to the edge of the guard cell.

Question 9

Most conifers have only tracheids. Which structural feature allows water and minerals to pass from one tracheid to the next?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sieve plates 
B)  Secondary cell walls 
C)  Stomata 
D)  Plasmodesmata 
E)  Pits 
A)  Sieve plates 
B)  Secondary cell walls 
C)  Stomata 
D)  Plasmodesmata 
E)  Pits

Question 10

Bacteria-containing nodules in the roots of legume plants aid in the utilization of

Accepted Answer

A)  trace elements. 
B)  carbon dioxide. 
C)  nitrogen. 
D)  phosphates. 
E)  water. 
A)  trace elements. 
B)  carbon dioxide. 
C)  nitrogen. 
D)  phosphates. 
E)  water.

Question 11

In the spring, when stored starches convert back to sugars and move from the root of a plant to the developing buds, the root is the sugar ___________and the bud is the sugar___________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the spring, when stored starches convert...

Question 12

Based on the figure, estimate the age of this tree in years.

Accepted Answer

A)  13 to 15 
B)  3 to 5 
C)  over 35 
D)  8 to 10 
E)  20 to 25 
A)  13 to 15 
B)  3 to 5 
C)  over 35 
D)  8 to 10 
E)  20 to 25

Question 13

Plant cells that are actively dividing are _________cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  conducting 
B)  vascular 
C)  meristem 
D)  differentiated 
E)  ground 
A)  conducting 
B)  vascular 
C)  meristem 
D)  differentiated 
E)  ground

Question 14

How does carbon dioxide enter a leaf?

Accepted Answer

A)  CO2 passes through openings called stomata on the leaf surface. 
B)  Dissolved CO2 is transported from roots to leaves in the xylem. 
C)  CO2 is moved by active transport into the leaf by special cells called guard cells. 
D)  Atmospheric pressure forces CO2 through pits on the leaf surface. 
E)  CO2 diffuses through the epidermis into the mesophyll. 
A)  CO2 passes through openings called stomata on the leaf surface. 
B)  Dissolved CO2 is transported from roots to leaves in the xylem. 
C)  CO2 is moved by active transport into the leaf by special cells called guard cells. 
D)  Atmospheric pressure forces CO2 through pits on the leaf surface. 
E)  CO2 diffuses through the epidermis into the mesophyll.

Question 15

Because most of the trunk of a tree is made of xylem, it is safe to say that most of the tissue in a tree is

Accepted Answer

A)  manufacturing sugars. 
B)  conducting sugars. 
C)  used for storage. 
D)  dead. 
E)  dividing rapidly. 
A)  manufacturing sugars. 
B)  conducting sugars. 
C)  used for storage. 
D)  dead. 
E)  dividing rapidly.

Question 16

Periderm consists of mostly

Accepted Answer

A)  undifferentiated cells. 
B)  endodermis. 
C)  cork cells. 
D)  lateral meristem. 
E)  epidermis. 
A)  undifferentiated cells. 
B)  endodermis. 
C)  cork cells. 
D)  lateral meristem. 
E)  epidermis.

Question 17

Why canʹt plants use N2 directly as a nutrient?

Accepted Answer

A)  N2 diffuses out of leaves as quickly as it diffuses in, so it has to be ʺfixedʺ to remain in leaves. 
B)  Plants lack the enzymes necessary to convert N2 into NO3−or NH4+. 
C)  Most soils are depleted of N2 as a nutrient. 
D)  Plants must use NO3− to carry out nitrogen fixation. 
E)  The N2 molecule is too large to enter the stomata. 
A)  N2 diffuses out of leaves as quickly as it diffuses in, so it has to be ʺfixedʺ to remain in leaves. 
B)  Plants lack the enzymes necessary to convert N2 into NO3−or NH4+. 
C)  Most soils are depleted of N2 as a nutrient. 
D)  Plants must use NO3− to carry out nitrogen fixation. 
E)  The N2 molecule is too large to enter the stomata.

Question 18

During the spring, newly emerging leaves are sugar___________ and tree roots are sugar ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  sinks; sinks 
B)  sinks; sources 
C)  sources; sources 
D)  sources; sinks 
A)  sinks; sinks 
B)  sinks; sources 
C)  sources; sources 
D)  sources; sinks

Question 19

Plants need to minimize water loss while maximizing carbon dioxide intake. With respect to plant leaf structure, how are these conflicting needs met?

Accepted Answer

The cuticle acts as a waterproof barrier

Question 20

The guard cells shown in this figure have

Accepted Answer

A)  lost most of their water. 
B)  eliminated all potassium ions. 
C)  accumulated potassium ions. 
D)  lost potassium ions. 
A)  lost most of their water. 
B)  eliminated all potassium ions. 
C)  accumulated potassium ions. 
D)  lost potassium ions.

Exam 44: Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Root hairs develop from the

A plant, by opening and closing its stomata, must achieve a balance between

Which of these organisms helped biologists determine the contents of phloem?

Of the major tissue systems associated with land plants, the_________ tissue system covers the outer surface of the primary plant.

Which of the following is NOT true of sclerenchyma tissue?

Examination of a woody stem reveals that some tissues are dead at maturity. These dead tissues are

_________cells that convert sugar to starch in mature roots are part of the_________ tissue system.

When potassium ions are transported into guard cells, water

Most conifers have only tracheids. Which structural feature allows water and minerals to pass from one tracheid to the next?

Bacteria-containing nodules in the roots of legume plants aid in the utilization of

In the spring, when stored starches convert back to sugars and move from the root of a plant to the developing buds, the root is the sugar ___________and the bud is the sugar___________.

Based on the figure, estimate the age of this tree in years.

Plant cells that are actively dividing are _________cells.

How does carbon dioxide enter a leaf?

Because most of the trunk of a tree is made of xylem, it is safe to say that most of the tissue in a tree is

Periderm consists of mostly

Why canʹt plants use N2 directly as a nutrient?

During the spring, newly emerging leaves are sugar___________ and tree roots are sugar ___________.

Plants need to minimize water loss while maximizing carbon dioxide intake. With respect to plant leaf structure, how are these conflicting needs met?

The guard cells shown in this figure have

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

Filters

_cells that convert sugar to starch in mature roots are part of the_ tissue system.

In the spring, when stored starches convert back to sugars and move from the root of a plant to the developing buds, the root is the sugar _and the bud is the sugar_.

During the spring, newly emerging leaves are sugar_ and tree roots are sugar _.