Question 1

Platelets are transfused to play which role in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Maintenance of vascular integrity 
B)  Initial arrest of bleeding by platelet plug formation 
C)  Stabilization of the hemostatic plug 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Maintenance of vascular integrity 
B)  Initial arrest of bleeding by platelet plug formation 
C)  Stabilization of the hemostatic plug 
D)  All of the above

Question 2

What factors are known to influence platelet metabolism and function?

Accepted Answer

A)  Storage temperature 
B)  Initial pH 
C)  Platelet count 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Storage temperature 
B)  Initial pH 
C)  Platelet count 
D)  All of the above

Question 3

Regarding loss of RBC membrane deformability, all of the following are true except:

Accepted Answer

A)  increase in ATP level. 
B)  decrease in ATP level. 
C)  increase in calcium level. 
D)  decrease in spectrin phosphorylation level. 
A)  increase in ATP level. 
B)  decrease in ATP level. 
C)  increase in calcium level. 
D)  decrease in spectrin phosphorylation level.

Question 4

Which red blood cell preservative has a storage time of 35 days?

Accepted Answer

A)  ACD 
B)  CPDA-1 
C)  AS-1 
D)  CPD 
A)  ACD 
B)  CPDA-1 
C)  AS-1 
D)  CPD

Question 5

When is the corrected count increment (CCI) of platelets is usually determined?

Accepted Answer

A)  Immediately prior to transfusion. 
B)  During the transfusion procedure. 
C)  Ten to 60 minutes after transfusion. 
D)  One to two days after transfusion. 
A)  Immediately prior to transfusion. 
B)  During the transfusion procedure. 
C)  Ten to 60 minutes after transfusion. 
D)  One to two days after transfusion.

Question 6

What is the primary function of hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Iron metabolism 
B)  Porphyrin synthesis 
C)  Oxygen transport 
D)  Signal transduction 
A)  Iron metabolism 
B)  Porphyrin synthesis 
C)  Oxygen transport 
D)  Signal transduction

Question 7

In order to maintain ATP levels in stored blood, can be added to CPD to extend the shelf-life of stored RBCs from 21 days to 35 days. This new preservative is designated as CPDA-1.

Accepted Answer

A)  mannitol 
B)  adenine saline 
C)  adenine and glucose 
D)  Rejuvenix 
A)  mannitol 
B)  adenine saline 
C)  adenine and glucose 
D)  Rejuvenix

Question 8

What effect does storage have on platelets?

Accepted Answer

A)  Shrinking 
B)  Lysis 
C)  Repulsion 
D)  All of these. 
A)  Shrinking 
B)  Lysis 
C)  Repulsion 
D)  All of these.

Question 9

How is stroma-free hemoglobin solution prepared?

Accepted Answer

A)  Outdated red blood cells are concentrated, and stroma is removed. 
B)  Outdated red blood cells are diluted with saline, and stroma is removed. 
C)  Outdated red blood cells are lysed, and stroma is removed. 
D)  None of the above 
A)  Outdated red blood cells are concentrated, and stroma is removed. 
B)  Outdated red blood cells are diluted with saline, and stroma is removed. 
C)  Outdated red blood cells are lysed, and stroma is removed. 
D)  None of the above

Question 10

Rejuvenated RBCs may be prepared up to three days after expiration when stored in all of these EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  ACD 
B)  AS-1 
C)  CPD 
D)  CPDA-1 
A)  ACD 
B)  AS-1 
C)  CPD 
D)  CPDA-1

Question 11

What cryoprotective agent is added to red blood cells upon freezing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dextrose 
B)  Adsol 
C)  Glycerol 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Dextrose 
B)  Adsol 
C)  Glycerol 
D)  All of the above

Question 12

Which of the following events does not occur while RBCs are stored?

Accepted Answer

A)  2,3-DPG levels increase. 
B)  Potassium levels increase. 
C)  Hgb has a decreased affinity for oxygen carrying capacity. 
D)  2,3-DPG and potassium levels increase. 
A)  2,3-DPG levels increase. 
B)  Potassium levels increase. 
C)  Hgb has a decreased affinity for oxygen carrying capacity. 
D)  2,3-DPG and potassium levels increase.

Question 13

All of the following are consistent with a "shift to the right" of the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve except:

Accepted Answer

A)  increased 2,3-DPG. 
B)  50% O2 saturation to tissues. 
C)  decreased 2,3-DPG. 
D)  decreased hemoglobin affinity for O2. 
A)  increased 2,3-DPG. 
B)  50% O2 saturation to tissues. 
C)  decreased 2,3-DPG. 
D)  decreased hemoglobin affinity for O2.

Question 14

If platelets are to be stored for 5 days on a rotator, what is the optimal storage temperature?

Accepted Answer

A)  1°C to 6°C 
B)  20°C to 24°C 
C)  35°C to 37°C 
D)  1°C to 10°C 
A)  1°C to 6°C 
B)  20°C to 24°C 
C)  35°C to 37°C 
D)  1°C to 10°C

Question 15

Generally, the quality control measurements required by various accreditation organizations for platelet concentrates include:

Accepted Answer

A)  platelet concentrate volume and platelet count. 
B)  leukocyte count if claims of leukoreduction are made. 
C)  pH of the unit. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  platelet concentrate volume and platelet count. 
B)  leukocyte count if claims of leukoreduction are made. 
C)  pH of the unit. 
D)  All of the above

Question 16

FDA-approved rejuvenation solution contains all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  adenine 
B)  glycerin 
C)  inosine 
D)  phosphate 
A)  adenine 
B)  glycerin 
C)  inosine 
D)  phosphate

Question 17

A standing order of platelets was shipped to your facility by your supplier. It was inadvertently left in the corner of the department until discovered 36 hours later. What would the appropriate action be for the blood banker?

Accepted Answer

A)  If the temperature in the box was 22 ± 2°C and the platelet swirl seemed OK, it would be OK to accept the unit into inventory. 
B)  The platelets have fallen outside the supplier's quality assurance. The unit should be discarded because the pH has probably dropped too low and platelet activation has been compromised. 
C)  If the temperature was 1°C to 6°C and the platelet swirl seemed OK, it would be OK to accept the unit into inventory. 
D)  If the platelets appeared OK and passed the platelet swirl test after being placed on the agitator, they could be accepted into the inventory. 
A)  If the temperature in the box was 22 ± 2°C and the platelet swirl seemed OK, it would be OK to accept the unit into inventory. 
B)  The platelets have fallen outside the supplier's quality assurance. The unit should be discarded because the pH has probably dropped too low and platelet activation has been compromised. 
C)  If the temperature was 1°C to 6°C and the platelet swirl seemed OK, it would be OK to accept the unit into inventory. 
D)  If the platelets appeared OK and passed the platelet swirl test after being placed on the agitator, they could be accepted into the inventory.

Question 18

A unit of blood was returned to the blood bank before it was spiked. Apparently the patient's IV failed. The unit of blood was outside the blood bank for 35 minutes. Which of the statements below is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  The unit of blood should be discarded immediately. 
B)  The unit of blood can be returned to inventory. 
C)  The unit of blood must be transfused within 4 hours or be discarded at the end of that time. 
D)  The unit of blood must be transfused with 24 hours. 
A)  The unit of blood should be discarded immediately. 
B)  The unit of blood can be returned to inventory. 
C)  The unit of blood must be transfused within 4 hours or be discarded at the end of that time. 
D)  The unit of blood must be transfused with 24 hours.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes "integral" membrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reside at the cytoplasmic surface of membrane 
B)  Span the entire membrane surface 
C)  Form the red blood cell cytoskeleton 
D)  None of the above 
A)  Reside at the cytoplasmic surface of membrane 
B)  Span the entire membrane surface 
C)  Form the red blood cell cytoskeleton 
D)  None of the above

Question 20

In the normal hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve, what percentage of oxygen is released to the tissues when PO2 averages 40 mm Hg?

Accepted Answer

A)  75% 
B)  25% 
C)  100% 
D)  50% 
A)  75% 
B)  25% 
C)  100% 
D)  50%

Exam 1: Red Blood Cells and Platelet Preservation: Historical Perspectives and Current Trends

Platelets are transfused to play which role in hemostasis?

What factors are known to influence platelet metabolism and function?

Regarding loss of RBC membrane deformability, all of the following are true except:

Which red blood cell preservative has a storage time of 35 days?

When is the corrected count increment (CCI) of platelets is usually determined?

What is the primary function of hemoglobin?

In order to maintain ATP levels in stored blood, can be added to CPD to extend the shelf-life of stored RBCs from 21 days to 35 days. This new preservative is designated as CPDA-1.

What effect does storage have on platelets?

How is stroma-free hemoglobin solution prepared?

Rejuvenated RBCs may be prepared up to three days after expiration when stored in all of these EXCEPT:

What cryoprotective agent is added to red blood cells upon freezing?

Which of the following events does not occur while RBCs are stored?

All of the following are consistent with a "shift to the right" of the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve except:

If platelets are to be stored for 5 days on a rotator, what is the optimal storage temperature?

Generally, the quality control measurements required by various accreditation organizations for platelet concentrates include:

FDA-approved rejuvenation solution contains all of the following EXCEPT:

A standing order of platelets was shipped to your facility by your supplier. It was inadvertently left in the corner of the department until discovered 36 hours later. What would the appropriate action be for the blood banker?

A unit of blood was returned to the blood bank before it was spiked. Apparently the patient's IV failed. The unit of blood was outside the blood bank for 35 minutes. Which of the statements below is most accurate?

Which of the following best describes "integral" membrane proteins?

In the normal hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve, what percentage of oxygen is released to the tissues when PO2 averages 40 mm Hg?

Basic Genetics

Fundamentals of Immunology

Concepts in Molecular Biology

The Antiglobulin Test

The Abo Blood Group System

The Rh Blood Group System

Blood Group Terminology and Common Blood Groups

Uncommon Blood Groups

Detection and Identification of Antibodies

Pre-Transfusion Testing

Blood Bank Technologies and Automation

Donor Selection

Transfusion-Transmitted Diseases

Component Preparation

Transfusion Therapy

Adverse Effects of Blood Transfusion

Apheresis

Cellular Therapy in the Transplant Setting

Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn

Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemias

Tissue Banking As Part of the Transfusion Service

The Hla System

Relationship Testing

Quality Management

Patient Blood Management

Transfusion Safety and Federal Regulatory Requirements

Laboratory Information Systems in the Blood Bank

Medicolegal and Ethical Aspects of Providing Blood Collection and Transfusion Services

Filters

In the normal hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve, what percentage of oxygen is released to the tissues when PO₂ averages 40 mm Hg?