Question 1

The majority of cross-reactive alloantibodies detect HLA specificities of allelic molecules coded by the same locus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

A patient who has been presensitized to foreign HLA antigens will demonstrate if the donor tissue expresses the same antigens.

Accepted Answer

A)  graft survival 
B)  graft rejection 
C)  chimerism 
D)  ABO conversion 
A)  graft survival 
B)  graft rejection 
C)  chimerism 
D)  ABO conversion

Question 3

How many targets are required for HLA antibody screening?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  30 
D)  40 
A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  30 
D)  40

Question 4

MHC class II molecules are expressed on all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  monocytes. 
B)  endothelial cells. 
C)  B lymphocytes. 
D)  platelets. 
A)  monocytes. 
B)  endothelial cells. 
C)  B lymphocytes. 
D)  platelets.

Question 5

How is complement detected in HLA testing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Agglutination 
B)  Hemolysis 
C)  Uptake of trypan blue dye 
D)  Uptake of mitomycin-C 
A)  Agglutination 
B)  Hemolysis 
C)  Uptake of trypan blue dye 
D)  Uptake of mitomycin-C

Question 6

What kidney transplant strategy is satisfied through matching of the donor and recipient antigens?

Accepted Answer

A)  Use of immunosuppressive agents 
B)  Reduction of graft "foreignness" 
C)  Induction of tolerance 
D)  None of the above 
A)  Use of immunosuppressive agents 
B)  Reduction of graft "foreignness" 
C)  Induction of tolerance 
D)  None of the above

Question 7

In testing for the HLA-D antigens (DR, DP, DQ, etc.) typing cells of each phenotype are set up in an MLR as against the test cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  heterozygous/responders 
B)  homozygous/stimulators 
C)  heterozygous/stimulators 
D)  homozygous/responders 
A)  heterozygous/responders 
B)  homozygous/stimulators 
C)  heterozygous/stimulators 
D)  homozygous/responders

Question 8

HLA-DR typing requires a suspension.

Accepted Answer

A)  T-lymphocyte 
B)  B-lymphocyte 
C)  granulocyte 
D)  platelet 
A)  T-lymphocyte 
B)  B-lymphocyte 
C)  granulocyte 
D)  platelet

Question 9

The MHC class I region encodes for all of the following genes except:

Accepted Answer

A)  HLA-A 
B)  HLA-B 
C)  HLA-DR 
D)  HLA-C 
A)  HLA-A 
B)  HLA-B 
C)  HLA-DR 
D)  HLA-C

Question 10

The majority of HLA alloantibodies are immunoglobulins.

Accepted Answer

A)  IgM 
B)  IgG 
C)  IgE 
D)  IgA 
A)  IgM 
B)  IgG 
C)  IgE 
D)  IgA

Question 11

Kidney transplants are used to treat which disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Di Guglielmo's syndrome 
B)  End-stage renal disease 
C)  Graves' disease 
D)  Erythropoietin deficiency 
A)  Di Guglielmo's syndrome 
B)  End-stage renal disease 
C)  Graves' disease 
D)  Erythropoietin deficiency

Question 12

What is the definition of total ischemic time in heart transplantation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The amount of time there is not blood flow through the organ 
B)  The time it takes to perform the transplant 
C)  The time it takes for PO2 levels to normalize after transplant 
D)  The time it takes for CO2 levels to normalize after transplant 
A)  The amount of time there is not blood flow through the organ 
B)  The time it takes to perform the transplant 
C)  The time it takes for PO2 levels to normalize after transplant 
D)  The time it takes for CO2 levels to normalize after transplant

Question 13

Which of these is not a concern in the virtual crossmatch?

Accepted Answer

A)  Full knowledge for donor HLA type 
B)  Recent alloantibody profile of the recipient 
C)  Full knowledge for recipient HLA type 
D)  The type of organ that is being transplanted 
A)  Full knowledge for donor HLA type 
B)  Recent alloantibody profile of the recipient 
C)  Full knowledge for recipient HLA type 
D)  The type of organ that is being transplanted

Question 14

What does "HLA" stand for?

Accepted Answer

A)  Human lymphodenapathy 
B)  Human lymphocyte antibody 
C)  Human leukocyte antigen 
D)  Human liver antigen 
A)  Human lymphodenapathy 
B)  Human lymphocyte antibody 
C)  Human leukocyte antigen 
D)  Human liver antigen

Question 15

The primary indication for pancreas transplantation is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Fabry's disease. 
B)  Karposi's sarcoma. 
C)  diabetes. 
D)  Crohn's disease. 
A)  Fabry's disease. 
B)  Karposi's sarcoma. 
C)  diabetes. 
D)  Crohn's disease.

Question 16

How is induction of tolerance achieved in kidney transplantation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Administration of cytokines prior to transplant 
B)  Blood transfusions after transplant 
C)  Blood transfusions before transplant 
D)  None of the above 
A)  Administration of cytokines prior to transplant 
B)  Blood transfusions after transplant 
C)  Blood transfusions before transplant 
D)  None of the above

Question 17

How might platelet survival be improved in a patient receiving platelets despite a near perfect HLA match between recipient and donor?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wash the platelets before transfusion 
B)  Remove red blood cells from the donor unit 
C)  Remove leukocytes from the donor unit 
D)  Transfuse using a blood warmer 
A)  Wash the platelets before transfusion 
B)  Remove red blood cells from the donor unit 
C)  Remove leukocytes from the donor unit 
D)  Transfuse using a blood warmer

Question 18

How is histocompatibility testing different from RBC testing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Known serum is used to type antigens on test cells. 
B)  Recipient serum is screened for the presence of antibodies. 
C)  Crossmatch of donor cells and recipient serum is performed to determine compatibility. 
D)  None of the above 
A)  Known serum is used to type antigens on test cells. 
B)  Recipient serum is screened for the presence of antibodies. 
C)  Crossmatch of donor cells and recipient serum is performed to determine compatibility. 
D)  None of the above

Question 19

Which of these is NOT the purpose of the virtual crossmatch?

Accepted Answer

A)  Selecting donor-recipient pairs 
B)  Finding a match based on known HLA types 
C)  Eliminating the serologic testing process 
D)  Directing organs to the most likely compatible matches 
A)  Selecting donor-recipient pairs 
B)  Finding a match based on known HLA types 
C)  Eliminating the serologic testing process 
D)  Directing organs to the most likely compatible matches

Question 20

Which of the following is acceptable for cytotoxicity techniques?

Accepted Answer

A)  EDTA 
B)  ACD 
C)  Serum 
D)  CPDA-1 
A)  EDTA 
B)  ACD 
C)  Serum 
D)  CPDA-1

Exam 23: The Hla System

The majority of cross-reactive alloantibodies detect HLA specificities of allelic molecules coded by the same locus.

A patient who has been presensitized to foreign HLA antigens will demonstrate if the donor tissue expresses the same antigens.

How many targets are required for HLA antibody screening?

MHC class II molecules are expressed on all of the following except:

How is complement detected in HLA testing?

What kidney transplant strategy is satisfied through matching of the donor and recipient antigens?

In testing for the HLA-D antigens (DR, DP, DQ, etc.) typing cells of each phenotype are set up in an MLR as against the test cells.

HLA-DR typing requires a suspension.

The MHC class I region encodes for all of the following genes except:

The majority of HLA alloantibodies are immunoglobulins.

Kidney transplants are used to treat which disease?

What is the definition of total ischemic time in heart transplantation?

Which of these is not a concern in the virtual crossmatch?

What does "HLA" stand for?

The primary indication for pancreas transplantation is:

How is induction of tolerance achieved in kidney transplantation?

How might platelet survival be improved in a patient receiving platelets despite a near perfect HLA match between recipient and donor?

How is histocompatibility testing different from RBC testing?

Which of these is NOT the purpose of the virtual crossmatch?

Which of the following is acceptable for cytotoxicity techniques?

Red Blood Cells and Platelet Preservation: Historical Perspectives and Current Trends

Basic Genetics

Fundamentals of Immunology

Concepts in Molecular Biology

The Antiglobulin Test

The Abo Blood Group System

The Rh Blood Group System

Blood Group Terminology and Common Blood Groups

Uncommon Blood Groups

Detection and Identification of Antibodies

Pre-Transfusion Testing

Blood Bank Technologies and Automation

Donor Selection

Transfusion-Transmitted Diseases

Component Preparation

Transfusion Therapy

Adverse Effects of Blood Transfusion

Apheresis

Cellular Therapy in the Transplant Setting

Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn

Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemias

Tissue Banking As Part of the Transfusion Service

Relationship Testing

Quality Management

Patient Blood Management

Transfusion Safety and Federal Regulatory Requirements

Laboratory Information Systems in the Blood Bank

Medicolegal and Ethical Aspects of Providing Blood Collection and Transfusion Services

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