Question 1

Which of the following is consistent with a low probability of paternity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only 1 POG and 1 MOG were found to exist in the Rh system. 
B)  More than 3 POGs were found in the HLA and MNS groups. 
C)  The POG had a gene frequency of 0.0004 in the random population. 
D)  None of the above 
A)  Only 1 POG and 1 MOG were found to exist in the Rh system. 
B)  More than 3 POGs were found in the HLA and MNS groups. 
C)  The POG had a gene frequency of 0.0004 in the random population. 
D)  None of the above

Question 2

All of the following factors are considered when selecting genetic systems to use for relationship testing EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Inheritance patterns should be well established. 
B)  The mutation rate should be known and should be low. 
C)  Multiethnic databases of allele frequencies should be available. 
D)  Each genetic system should be known to be genetically dependent. 
A)  Inheritance patterns should be well established. 
B)  The mutation rate should be known and should be low. 
C)  Multiethnic databases of allele frequencies should be available. 
D)  Each genetic system should be known to be genetically dependent.

Question 3

Which of these is NOT one of the immunoglobulin allotypes used in classic parentage testing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Am 
B)  Gm 
C)  Km 
D)  Pm 
A)  Am 
B)  Gm 
C)  Km 
D)  Pm

Question 4

When can false direct exclusions occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mutations occur that alter the final product. 
B)  There is a lack of precursor substance. 
C)  There is suppressor activity at a locus unlinked to the one tested. 
D)  All of these 
A)  Mutations occur that alter the final product. 
B)  There is a lack of precursor substance. 
C)  There is suppressor activity at a locus unlinked to the one tested. 
D)  All of these

Question 5

What technology NOT is used to demonstrate the presence of DNA polymorphisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ion-exchange chromatography 
B)  Polymerase chain reaction 
C)  Restriction fragment length 
D)  Southern blot 
A)  Ion-exchange chromatography 
B)  Polymerase chain reaction 
C)  Restriction fragment length 
D)  Southern blot

Question 6

A child was found to express the M+N+ phenotype. The mother's phenotype was M+N-, as was the father's. What type of exclusion is evident in this case?

Accepted Answer

A)  Direct 
B)  Indirect 
C)  No exclusion 
D)  None of the above 
A)  Direct 
B)  Indirect 
C)  No exclusion 
D)  None of the above

Question 7

Which system has the highest probability of exclusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  ABO 
B)  HLA 
C)  MNSs 
D)  Rh 
A)  ABO 
B)  HLA 
C)  MNSs 
D)  Rh

Question 8

Which of these is a restatement of the weight of the evidence for relatedness, expressed in percentage form?

Accepted Answer

A)  The probability of exclusion (P
E)  
B)  The posterior probability of parentage (PP) 
C)  The relationship index (RI) 
D)  None of these 
A)  The probability of exclusion (P
E)  
B)  The posterior probability of parentage (PP) 
C)  The relationship index (RI) 
D)  None of these

Question 9

How is DNA testing advantageous to paternity cases?

Accepted Answer

A)  It provides cloning capabilities in xenographic studies. 
B)  It provides visual insight into genetically inherited differences among individuals. 
C)  It provides insight into approximate time of conception. 
D)  It establishes a means of stem cell transplantation for related individuals. 
A)  It provides cloning capabilities in xenographic studies. 
B)  It provides visual insight into genetically inherited differences among individuals. 
C)  It provides insight into approximate time of conception. 
D)  It establishes a means of stem cell transplantation for related individuals.

Question 10

Which of the following factors are considered when selecting genetic systems to use for relationship testing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Testing methodology should be reliable, reproducible, and available in more than one laboratory. 
B)  Markers tested should be stable and not affected by environmental factors, age, disease, reagents, or methodology employed. 
C)  Allelic distributions should provide a high probability of excluding an alleged father. 
D)  All of these 
A)  Testing methodology should be reliable, reproducible, and available in more than one laboratory. 
B)  Markers tested should be stable and not affected by environmental factors, age, disease, reagents, or methodology employed. 
C)  Allelic distributions should provide a high probability of excluding an alleged father. 
D)  All of these

Question 11

CODIS stands for:

Accepted Answer

A)  Convicted Offender Digital Identifying System 
B)  Combined Offender DNA Index System 
C)  Combined Operation Digital Index System 
D)  None of the above 
A)  Convicted Offender Digital Identifying System 
B)  Combined Offender DNA Index System 
C)  Combined Operation Digital Index System 
D)  None of the above

Question 12

The goals of relationship testing of inherited genetic markers include all of these EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  confirm an alleged biological relationship between two or more individuals whose relationship is in question. 
B)  refute an alleged biological relationship between two or more individuals whose relationship is in question. 
C)  include all falsely accused men of being related to a child in question. 
D)  provide compelling inclusionary evidence if a man is not excluded from being related to a child in question. 
A)  confirm an alleged biological relationship between two or more individuals whose relationship is in question. 
B)  refute an alleged biological relationship between two or more individuals whose relationship is in question. 
C)  include all falsely accused men of being related to a child in question. 
D)  provide compelling inclusionary evidence if a man is not excluded from being related to a child in question.

Question 13

When can false indirect exclusions occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Secondarily in the presence of silent alleles. 
B)  Mutations occur that alter the final product. 
C)  There is a lack of precursor substance. 
D)  All of these 
A)  Secondarily in the presence of silent alleles. 
B)  Mutations occur that alter the final product. 
C)  There is a lack of precursor substance. 
D)  All of these

Exam 24: Relationship Testing

Which of the following is consistent with a low probability of paternity?

All of the following factors are considered when selecting genetic systems to use for relationship testing EXCEPT:

Which of these is NOT one of the immunoglobulin allotypes used in classic parentage testing?

When can false direct exclusions occur?

What technology NOT is used to demonstrate the presence of DNA polymorphisms?

A child was found to express the M+N+ phenotype. The mother's phenotype was M+N-, as was the father's. What type of exclusion is evident in this case?

Which system has the highest probability of exclusion?

Which of these is a restatement of the weight of the evidence for relatedness, expressed in percentage form?

How is DNA testing advantageous to paternity cases?

Which of the following factors are considered when selecting genetic systems to use for relationship testing?

CODIS stands for:

The goals of relationship testing of inherited genetic markers include all of these EXCEPT:

When can false indirect exclusions occur?

Red Blood Cells and Platelet Preservation: Historical Perspectives and Current Trends

Basic Genetics

Fundamentals of Immunology

Concepts in Molecular Biology

The Antiglobulin Test

The Abo Blood Group System

The Rh Blood Group System

Blood Group Terminology and Common Blood Groups

Uncommon Blood Groups

Detection and Identification of Antibodies

Pre-Transfusion Testing

Blood Bank Technologies and Automation

Donor Selection

Transfusion-Transmitted Diseases

Component Preparation

Transfusion Therapy

Adverse Effects of Blood Transfusion

Apheresis

Cellular Therapy in the Transplant Setting

Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn

Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemias

Tissue Banking As Part of the Transfusion Service

The Hla System

Quality Management

Patient Blood Management

Transfusion Safety and Federal Regulatory Requirements

Laboratory Information Systems in the Blood Bank

Medicolegal and Ethical Aspects of Providing Blood Collection and Transfusion Services

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