Question 1

In the final three-dimensional structure of a protein, ________ amino acids are more likely to be found in the interior of the molecule.

Accepted Answer

hydrophobic

Question 2

The "backbone" of a nucleic acid molecule is made of:

Accepted Answer

A) nitrogenous bases. 
B) sugar and phosphate groups. 
C) ATP molecules. 
D) NAD+ and FAD. 
E) amino acids. 
A) nitrogenous bases. 
B) sugar and phosphate groups. 
C) ATP molecules. 
D) NAD+ and FAD. 
E) amino acids. B

Question 3

Think about a hamburger with "the works." What biological molecules are predominant in the meat? Which are abundant in the bun? Which are found in the lettuce and tomato? Which are found in all of these?

Accepted Answer

The burger contains proteins and fats, the bun contains carbohydrates, and the lettuce and tomato contain carbohydrates. Nucleic acids are found in all components.

Question 4

What are the two main functions of carbohydrates in a living system? Give an example of each.

Accepted Answer

energy storage (gluc

Question 5

Which of the following correctly matches an organic polymer with its monomers, respectively?

Accepted Answer

A) protein, amino acids 
B) carbohydrate, polysaccharides 
C) hydrocarbon, monosaccharides 
D) lipid, steroids 
E) DNA, ATP 
A) protein, amino acids 
B) carbohydrate, polysaccharides 
C) hydrocarbon, monosaccharides 
D) lipid, steroids 
E) DNA, ATP

Question 6

The fiber in your diet is actually:

Accepted Answer

A) protein. 
B) ATP. 
C) starch. 
D) glycogen. 
E) cellulose. 
A) protein. 
B) ATP. 
C) starch. 
D) glycogen. 
E) cellulose.

Question 7

Describe the differences between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Which is most likely to be solid at room temperature? Why?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fats have only single CC bond

Question 8

In a biological membrane, the phospholipids are arranged with the fatty acid chains facing the interior of the membrane. As a result, the interior of the membrane is:

Accepted Answer

A) hydrophobic. 
B) hydrophilic. 
C) charged. 
D) polar. 
E) filled with water. 
A) hydrophobic. 
B) hydrophilic. 
C) charged. 
D) polar. 
E) filled with water.

Question 9

You have curly hair and your brother has straight hair. Describe how the proteins of your curly hair are different from the proteins of his straight hair.

Accepted Answer

The keratin proteins in your curly hair

Question 10

Which of the following reactions requires the removal of water to form a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A) glycogen → glucose subunits 
B) peptide → alanine + glycine 
C) cellulose → glucose 
D) glucose + galactose → lactose 
E) fat → fatty acids + glycerol 
A) glycogen → glucose subunits 
B) peptide → alanine + glycine 
C) cellulose → glucose 
D) glucose + galactose → lactose 
E) fat → fatty acids + glycerol

Question 11

What type of amino acid side chain would you expect to find on the surface of a protein embedded in a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) cysteine 
B) hydrophobic 
C) hydrophilic 
D) charged 
E) polar, but not charged 
A) cysteine 
B) hydrophobic 
C) hydrophilic 
D) charged 
E) polar, but not charged

Question 12

Suppose you have discovered a new virus and have isolated its nucleic acids. What feature could you look for to determine whether the nucleic acids of this virus are RNA or DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) If it is RNA, it will contain ribose. 
B) If is RNA, it will contain deoxyribose. 
C) If it is DNA, the virus will not contain proteins. 
D) If it is RNA, there will be no adenine. 
A) If it is RNA, it will contain ribose. 
B) If is RNA, it will contain deoxyribose. 
C) If it is DNA, the virus will not contain proteins. 
D) If it is RNA, there will be no adenine.

Question 13

Which of the following biological molecules are composed of amino acid subunits?

Accepted Answer

A) proteins 
B) carbohydrates 
C) lipids 
D) nucleic acids 
A) proteins 
B) carbohydrates 
C) lipids 
D) nucleic acids

Question 14

Which type of lipid is most important in biological membranes?

Accepted Answer

A) fats 
B) steroids 
C) phospholipids 
D) oils 
E) trans fats 
A) fats 
B) steroids 
C) phospholipids 
D) oils 
E) trans fats

Question 15

Chitin is an example of a:

Accepted Answer

A) monomer. 
B) polysaccharide. 
C) nucleic acid. 
D) peptide. 
E) triglyceride. 
A) monomer. 
B) polysaccharide. 
C) nucleic acid. 
D) peptide. 
E) triglyceride.

Question 16

Triglycerides are:

Accepted Answer

A) polymers of amino acids. 
B) always composed of carbon rings. 
C) lacking carboxyl groups (COOH). 
D) nonpolar and hydrophobic. 
E) made from glycerol and nucleic acids. 
A) polymers of amino acids. 
B) always composed of carbon rings. 
C) lacking carboxyl groups (COOH). 
D) nonpolar and hydrophobic. 
E) made from glycerol and nucleic acids.

Question 17

Phospholipids have hydrophilic tail regions and hydrophobic head regions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Dehydration synthesis involves the removal of a hydrogen ion and a hydroxyl ion. What happens next?

Accepted Answer

A) A large polymer is split apart into small monomers. 
B) The hydrogen and hydroxyl ions interact to form water. 
C) A polysaccharide is released from a monosaccharide. 
D) The hydrogen ion becomes an isotope. 
A) A large polymer is split apart into small monomers. 
B) The hydrogen and hydroxyl ions interact to form water. 
C) A polysaccharide is released from a monosaccharide. 
D) The hydrogen ion becomes an isotope.

Question 19

Which of the following biological molecules possess large nonpolar regions, making them insoluble in water?

Accepted Answer

A) proteins 
B) carbohydrates 
C) lipids 
D) nucleic acids 
A) proteins 
B) carbohydrates 
C) lipids 
D) nucleic acids

Question 20

An example of a structural polysaccharide is:

Accepted Answer

A) maltose. 
B) chitin. 
C) starch. 
D) glucose. 
E) glycogen. 
A) maltose. 
B) chitin. 
C) starch. 
D) glucose. 
E) glycogen.

Exam 3: Biological Molecules

In the final three-dimensional structure of a protein, ________ amino acids are more likely to be found in the interior of the molecule.

The "backbone" of a nucleic acid molecule is made of:

Think about a hamburger with "the works." What biological molecules are predominant in the meat? Which are abundant in the bun? Which are found in the lettuce and tomato? Which are found in all of these?

What are the two main functions of carbohydrates in a living system? Give an example of each.

Which of the following correctly matches an organic polymer with its monomers, respectively?

The fiber in your diet is actually:

Describe the differences between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Which is most likely to be solid at room temperature? Why?

In a biological membrane, the phospholipids are arranged with the fatty acid chains facing the interior of the membrane. As a result, the interior of the membrane is:

You have curly hair and your brother has straight hair. Describe how the proteins of your curly hair are different from the proteins of his straight hair.

Which of the following reactions requires the removal of water to form a covalent bond?

What type of amino acid side chain would you expect to find on the surface of a protein embedded in a cell membrane?

Suppose you have discovered a new virus and have isolated its nucleic acids. What feature could you look for to determine whether the nucleic acids of this virus are RNA or DNA?

Which of the following biological molecules are composed of amino acid subunits?

Which type of lipid is most important in biological membranes?

Chitin is an example of a:

Triglycerides are:

Phospholipids have hydrophilic tail regions and hydrophobic head regions.

Dehydration synthesis involves the removal of a hydrogen ion and a hydroxyl ion. What happens next?

Which of the following biological molecules possess large nonpolar regions, making them insoluble in water?

An example of a structural polysaccharide is:

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amidst Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

How Do Ecosystems Work

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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