Question 1

Wastes are moved from blood to nephron by:

Accepted Answer

A) filtration only. 
B) reabsorption only. 
C) secretion only. 
D) filtration and secretion. 
E) filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. 
A) filtration only. 
B) reabsorption only. 
C) secretion only. 
D) filtration and secretion. 
E) filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. D

Question 2

Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed from the filtrate by the:

Accepted Answer

A) ureter. 
B) proximal tubule. 
C) distal tubule. 
D) loop of Henle. 
E) glomerulus. 
A) ureter. 
B) proximal tubule. 
C) distal tubule. 
D) loop of Henle. 
E) glomerulus. B

Question 3

The function of antidiuretic hormone is to:

Accepted Answer

A) increase the amount of urine formed. 
B) control the amount of fluid filtered from the blood. 
C) increase the permeability of the collecting tubule to water. 
D) decrease reabsorption. 
E) control the emptying of the bladder. 
A) increase the amount of urine formed. 
B) control the amount of fluid filtered from the blood. 
C) increase the permeability of the collecting tubule to water. 
D) decrease reabsorption. 
E) control the emptying of the bladder. C

Question 4

About how much urine would you expect to come out of an average adult, per urination?

Accepted Answer

A) 63 milliliters (1/4 cup) 
B) 125 milliliters (1/2 cup) 
C) 250 milliliters (1 cup) 
D) 500 milliliters (1 pint) 
E) 1,000 milliliters (1 quart) 
A) 63 milliliters (1/4 cup) 
B) 125 milliliters (1/2 cup) 
C) 250 milliliters (1 cup) 
D) 500 milliliters (1 pint) 
E) 1,000 milliliters (1 quart)

Question 5

The human kidneys are located:

Accepted Answer

A) on each side of the esophagus. 
B) in the chest cavity. 
C) at about the level of the waist. 
D) at the base of the brain. 
E) below the large intestine. 
A) on each side of the esophagus. 
B) in the chest cavity. 
C) at about the level of the waist. 
D) at the base of the brain. 
E) below the large intestine.

Question 6

The funnel-like chamber of the kidney is called the:

Accepted Answer

A) renal pelvis. 
B) cortex. 
C) medulla. 
D) smooth muscle. 
E) glomerulus. 
A) renal pelvis. 
B) cortex. 
C) medulla. 
D) smooth muscle. 
E) glomerulus.

Question 7

When a patient is on a kidney hemodialysis machine, dissolved substances move from the patient's blood to the fluid in the machine primarily by:

Accepted Answer

A) diffusion. 
B) osmosis. 
C) active transport. 
D) pressure on the blood exerted by the machine. 
E) filtration. 
A) diffusion. 
B) osmosis. 
C) active transport. 
D) pressure on the blood exerted by the machine. 
E) filtration.

Question 8

Antidiuretic hormone is released into the blood by the:

Accepted Answer

A) hypothalamus. 
B) pituitary gland. 
C) kidney. 
D) liver. 
E) small intestine. 
A) hypothalamus. 
B) pituitary gland. 
C) kidney. 
D) liver. 
E) small intestine.

Question 9

Each molecule of urea contains ________ atom(s)of nitrogen.

Accepted Answer

A) one 
B) two 
C) three 
D) four 
A) one 
B) two 
C) three 
D) four

Question 10

What is the force that drives filtration in the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A) osmosis 
B) smooth muscle contraction 
C) blood pressure 
D) salt gradients 
E) pH gradients 
A) osmosis 
B) smooth muscle contraction 
C) blood pressure 
D) salt gradients 
E) pH gradients

Question 11

All of the following are functions of the vertebrate urinary system EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) regulating water balance. 
B) maintaining pH levels. 
C) regulating temperature. 
D) secreting hormones. 
E) removing waste products. 
A) regulating water balance. 
B) maintaining pH levels. 
C) regulating temperature. 
D) secreting hormones. 
E) removing waste products.

Question 12

What happens to ADH when you drink a lot of water? What effect does that have on your urine output?

Accepted Answer

The osmotic concentration of t

Question 13

Animals produce different types of urine depending on their environment and their need to conserve water. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

What effect will an increase in the release of ADH have on blood volume?

Accepted Answer

A) It will decrease blood volume. 
B) It will increase blood volume. 
C) Only the plasma (fluid)part of the blood will decrease. 
D) It will have no effect on blood volume because ADH affects only urine output. 
A) It will decrease blood volume. 
B) It will increase blood volume. 
C) Only the plasma (fluid)part of the blood will decrease. 
D) It will have no effect on blood volume because ADH affects only urine output.

Question 15

Which of the following describes the role of urinary systems in maintaining cellular homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

A) Urinary systems ensure the delivery of the proper amount of nitrogen to the cells. 
B) Urinary systems regulate the water balance to maintain the concentration of dissolved substances for cells. 
C) Urinary systems are important for the generation of urea, which cells can use as an energy source when carbohydrates become scarce. 
D) Urinary systems filter out diseased and damaged cells that can be excreted from the body. 
A) Urinary systems ensure the delivery of the proper amount of nitrogen to the cells. 
B) Urinary systems regulate the water balance to maintain the concentration of dissolved substances for cells. 
C) Urinary systems are important for the generation of urea, which cells can use as an energy source when carbohydrates become scarce. 
D) Urinary systems filter out diseased and damaged cells that can be excreted from the body.

Question 16

Which of these is normally found in glomerular filtrate?

Accepted Answer

A) Na+ 
B) large proteins 
C) erythrocytes 
D) fat droplets 
E) white blood cells 
A) Na+ 
B) large proteins 
C) erythrocytes 
D) fat droplets 
E) white blood cells

Question 17

Describe the process of dialysis.

Accepted Answer

Blood flows through a semiperm

Question 18

Amino acids that are metabolized by the body's cells are ultimately broken down to urea by the:

Accepted Answer

A) kidney. 
B) spleen. 
C) muscles. 
D) vena cava. 
E) liver. 
A) kidney. 
B) spleen. 
C) muscles. 
D) vena cava. 
E) liver.

Question 19

All of the following are part of the nephron EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) Bowman's capsule. 
B) glomerulus. 
C) loop of Henle. 
D) renal pelvis. 
E) proximal tubule. 
A) Bowman's capsule. 
B) glomerulus. 
C) loop of Henle. 
D) renal pelvis. 
E) proximal tubule.

Question 20

Based on this figure, what pathway is used during urinary catheterization, in which a tube is inserted into a patient in order to drain urine from the bladder?

Accepted Answer

A) from the left ureter into the urinary bladder 
B) from the vena cava into the urinary bladder 
C) from the urethra into the urinary bladder 
D) from the left renal artery into the urinary bladder 
A) from the left ureter into the urinary bladder 
B) from the vena cava into the urinary bladder 
C) from the urethra into the urinary bladder 
D) from the left renal artery into the urinary bladder

Exam 35: The Urinary System

Wastes are moved from blood to nephron by:

Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed from the filtrate by the:

The function of antidiuretic hormone is to:

About how much urine would you expect to come out of an average adult, per urination?

The human kidneys are located:

The funnel-like chamber of the kidney is called the:

When a patient is on a kidney hemodialysis machine, dissolved substances move from the patient's blood to the fluid in the machine primarily by:

Antidiuretic hormone is released into the blood by the:

Each molecule of urea contains ________ atom(s)of nitrogen.

What is the force that drives filtration in the kidney?

All of the following are functions of the vertebrate urinary system EXCEPT:

What happens to ADH when you drink a lot of water? What effect does that have on your urine output?

Animals produce different types of urine depending on their environment and their need to conserve water. True or False?

What effect will an increase in the release of ADH have on blood volume?

Which of the following describes the role of urinary systems in maintaining cellular homeostasis?

Which of these is normally found in glomerular filtrate?

Describe the process of dialysis.

Amino acids that are metabolized by the body's cells are ultimately broken down to urea by the:

All of the following are part of the nephron EXCEPT:

Based on this figure, what pathway is used during urinary catheterization, in which a tube is inserted into a patient in order to drain urine from the bladder?

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amidst Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

How Do Ecosystems Work

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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