Question 1

The bacterium shown to be associated with the majority of gastric ulcers is:

Accepted Answer

A) Staphylococcus aureus. 
B) Escherichia coli. 
C) Streptococcus pyogenes. 
D) Helicobacter pylori. 
E) Streptococcus lactis. 
A) Staphylococcus aureus. 
B) Escherichia coli. 
C) Streptococcus pyogenes. 
D) Helicobacter pylori. 
E) Streptococcus lactis. D

Question 2

Amylase is produced by the:

Accepted Answer

A) salivary glands only. 
B) small intestine only. 
C) pancreas only. 
D) salivary glands and pancreas. 
E) salivary glands, small intestine, and pancreas. 
A) salivary glands only. 
B) small intestine only. 
C) pancreas only. 
D) salivary glands and pancreas. 
E) salivary glands, small intestine, and pancreas. D

Question 3

Which of these dietary changes should I make following surgery to remove my gallbladder? (Hint: How does the gallbladder assist in digestion?)

Accepted Answer

A) decrease my consumption of fats 
B) increase my consumption of fats 
C) decrease my consumption of protein 
D) decrease my consumption of starch 
E) increase my intake of water 
A) decrease my consumption of fats 
B) increase my consumption of fats 
C) decrease my consumption of protein 
D) decrease my consumption of starch 
E) increase my intake of water A

Question 4

You need the mineral ________ in your diet in order to make thyroid hormone.

Accepted Answer

The answer of You need the mineral ________ in your...

Question 5

If you chew on a piece of bread long enough, it will begin to taste sweet because:

Accepted Answer

A) amylase is breaking down starches into disaccharides. 
B) lipases are forming fatty acids. 
C) disaccharidases are forming glucose. 
D) proteases are forming amino acids. 
E) maltase is breaking down maltose. 
A) amylase is breaking down starches into disaccharides. 
B) lipases are forming fatty acids. 
C) disaccharidases are forming glucose. 
D) proteases are forming amino acids. 
E) maltase is breaking down maltose.

Question 6

Sodium and potassium are minerals that are important in the function of:

Accepted Answer

A) blood. 
B) hormones. 
C) nerves. 
D) bones. 
E) DNA. 
A) blood. 
B) hormones. 
C) nerves. 
D) bones. 
E) DNA.

Question 7

Based on the nutritional label in this figure, what is needed in the greatest quantity (or activity)to thoroughly digest this food?

Accepted Answer

A) bile 
B) lipases 
C) proteases 
D) peptidases 
E) carbohydrate-digesting enzymes 
A) bile 
B) lipases 
C) proteases 
D) peptidases 
E) carbohydrate-digesting enzymes

Question 8

Your roommate tells you that, because she has no time to eat healthy foods, she is taking megadoses of vitamins. You warn her that this may be dangerous. Which vitamin overdose would be most dangerous to her?

Accepted Answer

A) vitamin C 
B) thiamin 
C) folic acid 
D) vitamin D 
A) vitamin C 
B) thiamin 
C) folic acid 
D) vitamin D

Question 9

Imagine that you are examining the teeth in the skull of an unidentified animal. The incisors are flat, the canines are pointed, and molars and premolars are present. This animal was most likely a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) carnivore. 
B) omnivore. 
C) herbivore. 
D) bird. 
A) carnivore. 
B) omnivore. 
C) herbivore. 
D) bird.

Question 10

The amount of energy necessary to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1°C is called:

Accepted Answer

A) a Calorie. 
B) a calorie. 
C) the basal metabolism rate. 
D) the basal energy quotient. 
E) the RDA. 
A) a Calorie. 
B) a calorie. 
C) the basal metabolism rate. 
D) the basal energy quotient. 
E) the RDA.

Question 11

After getting up late and leaving home without any breakfast, you realize that you are late to class and begin sprinting to reach the lecture hall two blocks away. Which of the following is the most likely energy source for your activity?

Accepted Answer

A) cellulose 
B) fat 
C) protein 
D) phospholipid 
E) glycogen 
A) cellulose 
B) fat 
C) protein 
D) phospholipid 
E) glycogen

Question 12

Different species of animals have very different nutritional requirements and gastrointestinal tract (GIT)specializations, depending on their primary diets. For example, carnivorous animals have moderate-length intestines, fast gut passage rates, and high protein requirements, in accordance with the high-protein, easily digested prey they consume. Based on your knowledge of nutrition and digestion and on the example provided in this scenario, what do you conclude about ruminants, which eat low-protein, difficult-to-digest plant leaves?

Accepted Answer

A) They have similar GITs and nutritional requirements as carnivores, and they must also eat some animal prey to obtain enough dietary protein. 
B) They have normal nutritional requirements but extremely short GITs and fast gut passage rates to maximize the amount of food passing through their GIT. 
C) They have reduced protein requirements, long GITs, and slow gut passage rates to extract as much nutrition from their diet as possible. 
D) They have reduced protein requirements but GITs and gut passage rates similar to those of carnivores. 
A) They have similar GITs and nutritional requirements as carnivores, and they must also eat some animal prey to obtain enough dietary protein. 
B) They have normal nutritional requirements but extremely short GITs and fast gut passage rates to maximize the amount of food passing through their GIT. 
C) They have reduced protein requirements, long GITs, and slow gut passage rates to extract as much nutrition from their diet as possible. 
D) They have reduced protein requirements but GITs and gut passage rates similar to those of carnivores.

Question 13

Humans are able to synthesize all the lipids they need. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Wolves, seals, and cats are all:

Accepted Answer

A) omnivores. 
B) carnivores. 
C) ruminants. 
D) herbivores. 
A) omnivores. 
B) carnivores. 
C) ruminants. 
D) herbivores.

Question 15

Cellulose is the most abundant carbohydrate on Earth. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In humans, all essential fatty acids:

Accepted Answer

A) are required for the synthesis of phospholipids. 
B) are necessary for the formation of cell membranes. 
C) must be supplied by the diet. 
D) must be produced by plants. 
A) are required for the synthesis of phospholipids. 
B) are necessary for the formation of cell membranes. 
C) must be supplied by the diet. 
D) must be produced by plants.

Question 17

________ is the molecule used by animals as a source of quick energy.

Accepted Answer

A) Triglyceride 
B) Protein 
C) Glycogen 
D) Phospholipid 
E) Starch 
A) Triglyceride 
B) Protein 
C) Glycogen 
D) Phospholipid 
E) Starch

Question 18

The symptoms of pellagra are due to a lack of:

Accepted Answer

A) thiamin. 
B) riboflavin. 
C) niacin. 
D) pyridoxine. 
E) pantothenic acid. 
A) thiamin. 
B) riboflavin. 
C) niacin. 
D) pyridoxine. 
E) pantothenic acid.

Question 19

A deficiency of ________ has been associated with birth defects.

Accepted Answer

A) choline 
B) vitamin C 
C) folic acid 
D) biotin 
E) vitamin K 
A) choline 
B) vitamin C 
C) folic acid 
D) biotin 
E) vitamin K

Question 20

Which of these groups is the most concentrated energy source?

Accepted Answer

A) lipids 
B) carbohydrates 
C) proteins 
D) minerals 
E) vitamins 
A) lipids 
B) carbohydrates 
C) proteins 
D) minerals 
E) vitamins

Exam 34: Nutrition and Digestion

The bacterium shown to be associated with the majority of gastric ulcers is:

Amylase is produced by the:

Which of these dietary changes should I make following surgery to remove my gallbladder? (Hint: How does the gallbladder assist in digestion?)

You need the mineral ________ in your diet in order to make thyroid hormone.

If you chew on a piece of bread long enough, it will begin to taste sweet because:

Sodium and potassium are minerals that are important in the function of:

Based on the nutritional label in this figure, what is needed in the greatest quantity (or activity)to thoroughly digest this food?

Your roommate tells you that, because she has no time to eat healthy foods, she is taking megadoses of vitamins. You warn her that this may be dangerous. Which vitamin overdose would be most dangerous to her?

Imagine that you are examining the teeth in the skull of an unidentified animal. The incisors are flat, the canines are pointed, and molars and premolars are present. This animal was most likely a(n):

The amount of energy necessary to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1°C is called:

After getting up late and leaving home without any breakfast, you realize that you are late to class and begin sprinting to reach the lecture hall two blocks away. Which of the following is the most likely energy source for your activity?

Humans are able to synthesize all the lipids they need. True or False?

Wolves, seals, and cats are all:

Cellulose is the most abundant carbohydrate on Earth. True or False?

In humans, all essential fatty acids:

________ is the molecule used by animals as a source of quick energy.

The symptoms of pellagra are due to a lack of:

A deficiency of ________ has been associated with birth defects.

Which of these groups is the most concentrated energy source?

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amidst Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

How Do Ecosystems Work

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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