Question 1

A man survives for two days in Death Valley with no water to drink. His blood level of ADH will be:

Accepted Answer

A) lower than usual. 
B) higher than usual. 
C) the same as usual. 
D) zero. 
A) lower than usual. 
B) higher than usual. 
C) the same as usual. 
D) zero.

Question 2

Insect excretory systems consist of:

Accepted Answer

A) protonephridia. 
B) nephridia. 
C) protoglomeruli. 
D) flame cells. 
E) Malpighian tubules. 
A) protonephridia. 
B) nephridia. 
C) protoglomeruli. 
D) flame cells. 
E) Malpighian tubules.

Question 3

Human urine is generally isotonic (having the same osmotic pressure as the blood). True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which of the following results in more concentrated urine?

Accepted Answer

A) decrease in ADH 
B) increase in erythropoietin 
C) decrease in angiotensin 
D) decrease in permeability of the collecting duct 
E) increase in permeability of the distal tubule 
A) decrease in ADH 
B) increase in erythropoietin 
C) decrease in angiotensin 
D) decrease in permeability of the collecting duct 
E) increase in permeability of the distal tubule

Question 5

The ascending limb of the loop of Henle:

Accepted Answer

A) is permeable to water. 
B) is permeable to salt, which leaves as the filtrate becomes more dilute. 
C) draws in salt from the medulla to make the filtrate more concentrated. 
D) is the primary site of tubular secretion. 
E) reacts to ADH levels. 
A) is permeable to water. 
B) is permeable to salt, which leaves as the filtrate becomes more dilute. 
C) draws in salt from the medulla to make the filtrate more concentrated. 
D) is the primary site of tubular secretion. 
E) reacts to ADH levels.

Question 6

Flatworms have simple kidneys called nephridia. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Osmolarity is:

Accepted Answer

A) the pressure within a closed system. 
B) the pH concentration of a solution. 
C) the concentration of particles dissolved in a solution. 
D) the ratio of oxygen to carbon dioxide. 
A) the pressure within a closed system. 
B) the pH concentration of a solution. 
C) the concentration of particles dissolved in a solution. 
D) the ratio of oxygen to carbon dioxide.

Question 8

Which of these animals has the longest loops of Henle in the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A) insect 
B) beaver 
C) kangaroo rat 
D) freshwater fish 
E) human 
A) insect 
B) beaver 
C) kangaroo rat 
D) freshwater fish 
E) human

Question 9

The kidneys regulate blood pressure. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The composition of glomerular filtrate is almost identical to that of urine. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Long loops of Henle correlate with:

Accepted Answer

A) more concentrated urine. 
B) more dilute urine. 
C) urine hypotonic to the blood. 
D) urine isotonic to the blood. 
E) urine with glucose in it. 
A) more concentrated urine. 
B) more dilute urine. 
C) urine hypotonic to the blood. 
D) urine isotonic to the blood. 
E) urine with glucose in it.

Question 12

Ethanol increases urine output by altering the body's release of antidiuretic hormone. Therefore, ethanol decreases ADH release. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Mammals excrete the cellular waste products of protein digestion in the form of:

Accepted Answer

A) urea. 
B) uric acid. 
C) ammonia. 
D) amino acids. 
E) amine groups. 
A) urea. 
B) uric acid. 
C) ammonia. 
D) amino acids. 
E) amine groups.

Question 14

Which of the following can cause kidney damage?

Accepted Answer

A) a low-protein diet 
B) a low-carbohydrate diet 
C) low blood pressure 
D) diabetes and high blood pressure 
A) a low-protein diet 
B) a low-carbohydrate diet 
C) low blood pressure 
D) diabetes and high blood pressure

Question 15

Explain the connection between dietary proteins and the nitrogenous waste products in mammalian urine.

Accepted Answer

Proteins are made up of amino acids, whi

Question 16

Which of the following directly causes constriction of the arterioles?

Accepted Answer

A) erythropoietin only 
B) angiotensin only 
C) renin only 
D) erythropoietin and angiotensin 
E) angiotensin and renin 
A) erythropoietin only 
B) angiotensin only 
C) renin only 
D) erythropoietin and angiotensin 
E) angiotensin and renin

Question 17

Based on your knowledge of the differences between the male and female excretory systems, why are females at greater risk of bladder infections?

Accepted Answer

The urethra is about five times longer i

Question 18

The funnel-shaped opening of a nephridium is known as a ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The funnel-shaped opening of a nephridium is...

Question 19

________ is the process by which water and nutrients are passed from the filtrate back into the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) Tubular secretion 
B) Tubular reabsorption 
C) Filtration 
D) Tubular excretion 
E) Tubular elimination 
A) Tubular secretion 
B) Tubular reabsorption 
C) Filtration 
D) Tubular excretion 
E) Tubular elimination

Question 20

Which constituent of kidney filtrate is the most likely to be reabsorbed?

Accepted Answer

A) glucose 
B) proteins 
C) drugs 
D) uric acid 
E) ammonia 
A) glucose 
B) proteins 
C) drugs 
D) uric acid 
E) ammonia

Exam 35: The Urinary System

A man survives for two days in Death Valley with no water to drink. His blood level of ADH will be:

Insect excretory systems consist of:

Human urine is generally isotonic (having the same osmotic pressure as the blood). True or False?

Which of the following results in more concentrated urine?

The ascending limb of the loop of Henle:

Flatworms have simple kidneys called nephridia. True or False?

Osmolarity is:

Which of these animals has the longest loops of Henle in the kidney?

The kidneys regulate blood pressure. True or False?

The composition of glomerular filtrate is almost identical to that of urine. True or False?

Long loops of Henle correlate with:

Ethanol increases urine output by altering the body's release of antidiuretic hormone. Therefore, ethanol decreases ADH release. True or False?

Mammals excrete the cellular waste products of protein digestion in the form of:

Which of the following can cause kidney damage?

Explain the connection between dietary proteins and the nitrogenous waste products in mammalian urine.

Which of the following directly causes constriction of the arterioles?

Based on your knowledge of the differences between the male and female excretory systems, why are females at greater risk of bladder infections?

The funnel-shaped opening of a nephridium is known as a ________.

________ is the process by which water and nutrients are passed from the filtrate back into the blood.

Which constituent of kidney filtrate is the most likely to be reabsorbed?

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amidst Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

How Do Ecosystems Work

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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