Question 1

Of the types of ground tissues, ________ is/are generally most abundant.

Accepted Answer

A) parenchyma 
B) sclerenchyma 
C) collenchyma 
D) tracheids 
E) vessel elements 
A) parenchyma 
B) sclerenchyma 
C) collenchyma 
D) tracheids 
E) vessel elements

Question 2

Plants need to minimize water loss while maximizing carbon dioxide intake. How are these conflicting needs met in the structure of a plant leaf?

Accepted Answer

The cuticle acts as a waterproof barrier

Question 3

As an oak tree ages, the trunk becomes thicker and woodier due to ________ growth.

Accepted Answer

A) primary 
B) secondary 
C) tertiary 
D) meristem 
E) differentiated 
A) primary 
B) secondary 
C) tertiary 
D) meristem 
E) differentiated

Question 4

If a tree's heartwood rots out, the tree will:

Accepted Answer

A) be weaker than normal and more likely to blow over in a storm. 
B) not survive because the active phloem is destroyed. 
C) not survive because the active xylem is destroyed. 
D) replace the heartwood with sapwood to compensate for the damaged tissue. 
A) be weaker than normal and more likely to blow over in a storm. 
B) not survive because the active phloem is destroyed. 
C) not survive because the active xylem is destroyed. 
D) replace the heartwood with sapwood to compensate for the damaged tissue.

Question 5

Water loss through the stomata of leaves is called:

Accepted Answer

A) transpiration. 
B) translocation. 
C) guttation. 
D) osmosis. 
E) bulk flow. 
A) transpiration. 
B) translocation. 
C) guttation. 
D) osmosis. 
E) bulk flow.

Question 6

Which of these organisms helped biologists determine the contents of phloem?

Accepted Answer

A) ants 
B) leafhoppers 
C) aphids 
D) termites 
E) grasshoppers 
A) ants 
B) leafhoppers 
C) aphids 
D) termites 
E) grasshoppers

Question 7

Most of a carrot, a root adapted for carbohydrate storage, is:

Accepted Answer

A) phloem. 
B) xylem. 
C) cortex. 
D) endodermis. 
E) pericycle. 
A) phloem. 
B) xylem. 
C) cortex. 
D) endodermis. 
E) pericycle.

Question 8

Since most of the trunk of a tree is made of xylem cells, it is safe to say that most of the tissue in a tree is:

Accepted Answer

A) dividing rapidly. 
B) used for storage. 
C) manufacturing sugars. 
D) conducting sugars. 
E) dead. 
A) dividing rapidly. 
B) used for storage. 
C) manufacturing sugars. 
D) conducting sugars. 
E) dead.

Question 9

What would happen if water and minerals could pass between endodermal cells rather than through the endodermal cells of a plant root?

Accepted Answer

A) An increased concentration gradient of the minerals in the extracellular space of the vascular cylinder would be better maintained. 
B) Too much energy would be needed to move the minerals between endodermal cells. 
C) The minerals would enter the conduction vessels of the vascular cylinder much more rapidly. 
D) Minerals would leak back out of the extracellular space of the vascular cylinder as fast as they were pumped into it. 
E) Root hairs would lose their ability to take up minerals. 
A) An increased concentration gradient of the minerals in the extracellular space of the vascular cylinder would be better maintained. 
B) Too much energy would be needed to move the minerals between endodermal cells. 
C) The minerals would enter the conduction vessels of the vascular cylinder much more rapidly. 
D) Minerals would leak back out of the extracellular space of the vascular cylinder as fast as they were pumped into it. 
E) Root hairs would lose their ability to take up minerals.

Question 10

Which of the following characteristics helps differentiate between a monocot and a dicot?

Accepted Answer

A) presence of vascular tissue 
B) seeds covered by a fruit 
C) number of flower parts 
D) whether the plant gains length from an apical or a lateral meristem 
E) presence or absence of pollen grains 
A) presence of vascular tissue 
B) seeds covered by a fruit 
C) number of flower parts 
D) whether the plant gains length from an apical or a lateral meristem 
E) presence or absence of pollen grains

Question 11

Which of these plant structures is composed of meristem tissue?

Accepted Answer

A) cortex 
B) root cap 
C) cambium 
D) parenchyma 
E) xylem 
A) cortex 
B) root cap 
C) cambium 
D) parenchyma 
E) xylem

Question 12

Most conifers have only tracheids. Which structural feature allows water and minerals to pass from one tracheid to the next tracheid?

Accepted Answer

A) sieve plates 
B) secondary cell walls 
C) pits 
D) stomata 
E) plasmodesmata 
A) sieve plates 
B) secondary cell walls 
C) pits 
D) stomata 
E) plasmodesmata

Question 13

What type of tissue transports sugars (the product of photosynthesis)to the rest of the plant?

Accepted Answer

A) xylem 
B) mesophyll 
C) phloem 
D) parenchyma 
E) endodermis 
A) xylem 
B) mesophyll 
C) phloem 
D) parenchyma 
E) endodermis

Question 14

________ cells that convert sugar to starch in mature roots are part of the ________ tissue system.

Accepted Answer

A) Phloem; vascular 
B) Periderm; dermal 
C) Xylem; vascular 
D) Parenchyma; ground 
E) Companion; ground 
A) Phloem; vascular 
B) Periderm; dermal 
C) Xylem; vascular 
D) Parenchyma; ground 
E) Companion; ground

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT true of sclerenchyma?

Accepted Answer

A) It is found in both xylem and phloem. 
B) It is dead at maturity. 
C) It is made up of cells with thickened cell walls. 
D) It provides support to strengthen the plant. 
E) It is a storage site for sugars and starches. 
A) It is found in both xylem and phloem. 
B) It is dead at maturity. 
C) It is made up of cells with thickened cell walls. 
D) It provides support to strengthen the plant. 
E) It is a storage site for sugars and starches.

Exam 43: Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Of the types of ground tissues, ________ is/are generally most abundant.

Plants need to minimize water loss while maximizing carbon dioxide intake. How are these conflicting needs met in the structure of a plant leaf?

As an oak tree ages, the trunk becomes thicker and woodier due to ________ growth.

If a tree's heartwood rots out, the tree will:

Water loss through the stomata of leaves is called:

Which of these organisms helped biologists determine the contents of phloem?

Most of a carrot, a root adapted for carbohydrate storage, is:

Since most of the trunk of a tree is made of xylem cells, it is safe to say that most of the tissue in a tree is:

What would happen if water and minerals could pass between endodermal cells rather than through the endodermal cells of a plant root?

Which of the following characteristics helps differentiate between a monocot and a dicot?

Which of these plant structures is composed of meristem tissue?

Most conifers have only tracheids. Which structural feature allows water and minerals to pass from one tracheid to the next tracheid?

What type of tissue transports sugars (the product of photosynthesis)to the rest of the plant?

________ cells that convert sugar to starch in mature roots are part of the ________ tissue system.

Which of the following is NOT true of sclerenchyma?

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amidst Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

How Do Ecosystems Work

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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cells that convert sugar to starch in mature roots are part of the tissue system.