Question 1

In the cohesiontension theory, "cohesion" refers to the:

Accepted Answer

A) tendency of water molecules to be attracted to minerals in the water. 
B) process of osmosis that pulls water into the root. 
C) evaporation of water from the stomata of the leaf. 
D) use of water in photosynthesis, resulting in a shortage of water in the leaf. 
E) attraction of water molecules for one another. 
A) tendency of water molecules to be attracted to minerals in the water. 
B) process of osmosis that pulls water into the root. 
C) evaporation of water from the stomata of the leaf. 
D) use of water in photosynthesis, resulting in a shortage of water in the leaf. 
E) attraction of water molecules for one another.

Question 2

A plant, by opening and closing its stomata, must achieve a balance between:

Accepted Answer

A) oxygen loss and water uptake. 
B) carbon dioxide loss and sugar uptake. 
C) water loss and carbon dioxide uptake. 
D) sugar loss and oxygen uptake. 
E) carbon dioxide uptake and oxygen loss. 
A) oxygen loss and water uptake. 
B) carbon dioxide loss and sugar uptake. 
C) water loss and carbon dioxide uptake. 
D) sugar loss and oxygen uptake. 
E) carbon dioxide uptake and oxygen loss.

Question 3

The formation of sieve plates between phloem sieve-tube elements allows:

Accepted Answer

A) the dead phloem cells to form an empty tube. 
B) each cell to function independently. 
C) mesophyll cells to connect with xylem cells. 
D) water to transpire from each surface. 
E) adjacent cells to connect via membrane-lined channels. 
A) the dead phloem cells to form an empty tube. 
B) each cell to function independently. 
C) mesophyll cells to connect with xylem cells. 
D) water to transpire from each surface. 
E) adjacent cells to connect via membrane-lined channels.

Question 4

Which of the following bonds explains the cohesion of water molecules in the cohesiontension theory?

Accepted Answer

A) complete covalent 
B) hydrogen 
C) ionic 
D) peptide 
E) disulfide 
A) complete covalent 
B) hydrogen 
C) ionic 
D) peptide 
E) disulfide

Question 5

Root hairs develop from the:

Accepted Answer

A) cortex. 
B) endodermis. 
C) Casparian strip. 
D) epidermis. 
E) pericycle. 
A) cortex. 
B) endodermis. 
C) Casparian strip. 
D) epidermis. 
E) pericycle.

Question 6

Why can't plants use N2 directly as a nutrient?

Accepted Answer

A) Plants lack the enzymes necessary to convert N2 into NO3- or NH4+. 
B) Plant hormones are not capable of carrying out nitrogen fixation. 
C) Most soils are depleted of N2 as a nutrient. 
D) N2 diffuses out of leaves as quickly as it diffuses in, so it has to be "fixed" to remain in leaves. 
E) The N2 molecule is too large to enter the root hairs. 
A) Plants lack the enzymes necessary to convert N2 into NO3- or NH4+. 
B) Plant hormones are not capable of carrying out nitrogen fixation. 
C) Most soils are depleted of N2 as a nutrient. 
D) N2 diffuses out of leaves as quickly as it diffuses in, so it has to be "fixed" to remain in leaves. 
E) The N2 molecule is too large to enter the root hairs.

Question 7

Bacteria-containing nodules in the roots of legume plants aid in the utilization of:

Accepted Answer

A) carbon dioxide. 
B) trace elements. 
C) water. 
D) phosphates. 
E) nitrogen. 
A) carbon dioxide. 
B) trace elements. 
C) water. 
D) phosphates. 
E) nitrogen.

Question 8

On the tip of the root, the apical meristem forms the ________, which prevents the meristem from being worn away as it pushes through the soil.

Accepted Answer

A) cortex 
B) epidermis 
C) endodermis 
D) root cap 
E) pericycle 
A) cortex 
B) epidermis 
C) endodermis 
D) root cap 
E) pericycle

Question 9

All the following are TRUE of companion cells EXCEPT that they:

Accepted Answer

A) fuse together to form the sieve plates of sieve-tube elements. 
B) provide direct nourishment for sieve-tube elements. 
C) regulate the movement of sugar into and out of sieve-tube elements. 
D) repair the plasma membrane of sieve-tube elements. 
E) are connected to sieve-tube elements via plasmodesmata. 
A) fuse together to form the sieve plates of sieve-tube elements. 
B) provide direct nourishment for sieve-tube elements. 
C) regulate the movement of sugar into and out of sieve-tube elements. 
D) repair the plasma membrane of sieve-tube elements. 
E) are connected to sieve-tube elements via plasmodesmata.

Question 10

Mycorrhizae are associated with a plant's:

Accepted Answer

A) leaf. 
B) stem. 
C) root. 
D) flower. 
E) seed. 
A) leaf. 
B) stem. 
C) root. 
D) flower. 
E) seed.

Question 11

The ________ theory explains the movement of water and minerals through xylem.

Accepted Answer

A) pressure-flow theory 
B) translocation theory 
C) bulk-flow theory 
D) cohesiontension theory 
E) assisted diffusion theory 
A) pressure-flow theory 
B) translocation theory 
C) bulk-flow theory 
D) cohesiontension theory 
E) assisted diffusion theory

Question 12

Which of the following is plant tissue derived from a lateral meristem?

Accepted Answer

A) flower bud 
B) leaf bud 
C) stem branch 
D) bark 
E) primary xylem 
A) flower bud 
B) leaf bud 
C) stem branch 
D) bark 
E) primary xylem

Question 13

Periderm consists of mostly:

Accepted Answer

A) epidermis. 
B) cork cells. 
C) lateral meristem. 
D) undifferentiated cells. 
E) endodermis. 
A) epidermis. 
B) cork cells. 
C) lateral meristem. 
D) undifferentiated cells. 
E) endodermis.

Question 14

Water and minerals are mainly absorbed through the:

Accepted Answer

A) root cap. 
B) apical meristem. 
C) lateral branch buds. 
D) epidermis of large woody roots. 
E) root hairs. 
A) root cap. 
B) apical meristem. 
C) lateral branch buds. 
D) epidermis of large woody roots. 
E) root hairs.

Question 15

Parenchyma cells are located in all of the following structures EXCEPT the:

Accepted Answer

A) cortex. 
B) central cylinder. 
C) mesophyll. 
D) pith. 
E) cuticle. 
A) cortex. 
B) central cylinder. 
C) mesophyll. 
D) pith. 
E) cuticle.

Question 16

In a dicot stem, the ________ is between the vascular cambium and the cork cambium.

Accepted Answer

A) vascular cambium 
B) vascular cylinder 
C) xylem 
D) phloem 
E) cork 
A) vascular cambium 
B) vascular cylinder 
C) xylem 
D) phloem 
E) cork

Question 17

The flowering plants are commonly called:

Accepted Answer

A) angiosperms. 
B) gymnosperms. 
C) florasperms. 
D) anthocyanins. 
A) angiosperms. 
B) gymnosperms. 
C) florasperms. 
D) anthocyanins.

Question 18

The guard cells shown in this figure have:

Accepted Answer

A) accumulated potassium ions. 
B) lost potassium ions. 
C) eliminated all potassium ions. 
D) lost most of their water. 
A) accumulated potassium ions. 
B) lost potassium ions. 
C) eliminated all potassium ions. 
D) lost most of their water.

Question 19

Mycorrhizae are:

Accepted Answer

A) commensal relationships between a fungus and the leaves of a land plant. 
B) parasitic relationships between bacteria and the roots of a land plant. 
C) mutualistic relationships between a fungus and an alga. 
D) symbiotic relationships between a fungus and the roots of a land plant. 
E) symbiotic relationships between bacteria and the roots of a land plant. 
A) commensal relationships between a fungus and the leaves of a land plant. 
B) parasitic relationships between bacteria and the roots of a land plant. 
C) mutualistic relationships between a fungus and an alga. 
D) symbiotic relationships between a fungus and the roots of a land plant. 
E) symbiotic relationships between bacteria and the roots of a land plant.

Question 20

Trees are among the largest and oldest living things on Earth. Like all life on Earth, the majority of a tree's biomass is carbon based. What is the source of this carbon?

Accepted Answer

A) water 
B) crushed rock and water 
C) the organic layer of the soil 
D) air 
E) fertilizers 
A) water 
B) crushed rock and water 
C) the organic layer of the soil 
D) air 
E) fertilizers

Exam 43: Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

In the cohesiontension theory, "cohesion" refers to the:

A plant, by opening and closing its stomata, must achieve a balance between:

The formation of sieve plates between phloem sieve-tube elements allows:

Which of the following bonds explains the cohesion of water molecules in the cohesiontension theory?

Root hairs develop from the:

Why can't plants use N2 directly as a nutrient?

Bacteria-containing nodules in the roots of legume plants aid in the utilization of:

On the tip of the root, the apical meristem forms the ________, which prevents the meristem from being worn away as it pushes through the soil.

All the following are TRUE of companion cells EXCEPT that they:

Mycorrhizae are associated with a plant's:

The ________ theory explains the movement of water and minerals through xylem.

Which of the following is plant tissue derived from a lateral meristem?

Periderm consists of mostly:

Water and minerals are mainly absorbed through the:

Parenchyma cells are located in all of the following structures EXCEPT the:

In a dicot stem, the ________ is between the vascular cambium and the cork cambium.

The flowering plants are commonly called:

The guard cells shown in this figure have:

Mycorrhizae are:

Trees are among the largest and oldest living things on Earth. Like all life on Earth, the majority of a tree's biomass is carbon based. What is the source of this carbon?

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amidst Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

How Do Ecosystems Work

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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