Question 1

Which traits appear in every generation of a family and occur with equal frequency in both sexes?

Accepted Answer

A) autosomal dominant 
B) autosomal recessive 
C) X-linked dominant 
D) X-linked recessive 
E) Y-linked dominant 
A) autosomal dominant 
B) autosomal recessive 
C) X-linked dominant 
D) X-linked recessive 
E) Y-linked dominant

Question 2

When a baby is born with six fingers, the doctor may explain to the parents that this trait is a genetic ____, or a rare version of a trait.

Accepted Answer

A) disorder 
B) mutation 
C) abnormality 
D) disease 
E) event 
A) disorder 
B) mutation 
C) abnormality 
D) disease 
E) event

Question 3

Individuals with Down syndrome have three copies of chromosome ____.

Accepted Answer

A) 3 
B) 5 
C) 15 
D) 19 
E) 21 
A) 3 
B) 5 
C) 15 
D) 19 
E) 21

Question 4

Fusion of a normal gamete (n) with a gamete missing a chromosome (n − 1) gives rise to a zygote with a condition called ____.

Accepted Answer

A) ​trisomy 
B) ​monosomy 
C) ​polyploidy 
D) ​monoploidy 
E) ​translocation 
A) ​trisomy 
B) ​monosomy 
C) ​polyploidy 
D) ​monoploidy 
E) ​translocation

Question 5

If both parents are heterozygous for Huntington's disease, what is the likelihood that their offspring will have Huntington's disease?

Accepted Answer

A) 100% 
B) 75% 
C) 50% 
D) 25% 
E) 0% 
A) 100% 
B) 75% 
C) 50% 
D) 25% 
E) 0%

Question 6

Any child of two carriers for an autosomal recessive trait has a _____% chance of inheriting this trait.

Accepted Answer

A) 0 
B) 25 
C) 50 
D) 75 
E) 100 
A) 0 
B) 25 
C) 50 
D) 75 
E) 100

Question 7

When studying a single-gene inherited disorder such as Huntington's disease, researchers may construct a chart called a ____ to look for family connections.

Accepted Answer

A) pedigree 
B) family history 
C) family tree 
D) linkage map 
E) trisomy 
A) pedigree 
B) family history 
C) family tree 
D) linkage map 
E) trisomy

Question 8

Most translocations are reciprocal, meaning that two ____ exchange broken parts.

Accepted Answer

A) organisms​ 
B) sister chromatids​ 
C) alleles​ 
D) nonhomologous chromosomes​ 
E) homologous chromosomes​ 
A) organisms​ 
B) sister chromatids​ 
C) alleles​ 
D) nonhomologous chromosomes​ 
E) homologous chromosomes​

Question 9

Which disorder displays an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

A) Huntington's disease 
B) phenylketonuria 
C) color blindness 
D) hemophilia 
E) albinism 
A) Huntington's disease 
B) phenylketonuria 
C) color blindness 
D) hemophilia 
E) albinism

Question 10

Red-green colorblindness is an X-linked recessive trait in humans. A colorblind woman and a man with normal vision have a son. What is the probability that the son is color blind?

Accepted Answer

A) 100% 
B) 75% 
C) 50% 
D) 25% 
E) 0% 
A) 100% 
B) 75% 
C) 50% 
D) 25% 
E) 0%

Question 11

The inheritance of a certain allele of a gene that leads to medical problems indicates a genetic ____.

Accepted Answer

A) malfunction 
B) version 
C) abnormality 
D) sickness 
E) disorder 
A) malfunction 
B) version 
C) abnormality 
D) sickness 
E) disorder

Question 12

Sometimes homologous chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis, resulting in one daughter cell with an extra chromosome and one daughter cell missing a chromosome. This failure of chromosome separation is called ____.

Accepted Answer

A) nondisjunction 
B) nonseparation 
C) disjunction 
D) homologue attachment 
E) meiosis I failure 
A) nondisjunction 
B) nonseparation 
C) disjunction 
D) homologue attachment 
E) meiosis I failure

Question 13

Amniocentesis is a ____.

Accepted Answer

A) surgical means of repairing deformities 
B) form of chemotherapy that modifies or inhibits gene expression or the function of gene products 
C) prenatal diagnostic method used to detect chromosomal abnormalities in embryos 
D) form of gene replacement therapy 
E) pre-conception test 
A) surgical means of repairing deformities 
B) form of chemotherapy that modifies or inhibits gene expression or the function of gene products 
C) prenatal diagnostic method used to detect chromosomal abnormalities in embryos 
D) form of gene replacement therapy 
E) pre-conception test

Question 14

A human X-linked recessive gene may be ____.

Accepted Answer

A) found on the Y chromosome 
B) passed to daughters from their fathers 
C) passed to sons from their fathers 
D) expressed more commonly among females 
E) passed to daughters and sons from their fathers 
A) found on the Y chromosome 
B) passed to daughters from their fathers 
C) passed to sons from their fathers 
D) expressed more commonly among females 
E) passed to daughters and sons from their fathers

Question 15

The condition that occurs when an organism has a full set of chromosomes (2n) plus an additional chromosome is known as ____.

Accepted Answer

A) monosomy 
B) trisomy 
C) polyploidy 
D) haploidy 
E) diploidy 
A) monosomy 
B) trisomy 
C) polyploidy 
D) haploidy 
E) diploidy

Question 16

About 70% of flowering plant species are ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) ​trisomic 
B) ​aneuploid 
C) diploid​ 
D) monoploid​ 
E) polyploid​ 
A) ​trisomic 
B) ​aneuploid 
C) diploid​ 
D) monoploid​ 
E) polyploid​

Question 17

The human X and Y chromosomes ____.

Accepted Answer

A) developed from two homologous chromosomes that diverged during evolution​ 
B) both contain the SRY gene​ 
C) are the same size​ 
D) are homologous along their entire lengths​ 
E) cross over mostly in their shared middle regions​ 
A) developed from two homologous chromosomes that diverged during evolution​ 
B) both contain the SRY gene​ 
C) are the same size​ 
D) are homologous along their entire lengths​ 
E) cross over mostly in their shared middle regions​

Question 18

Symptoms of phenylketonuria (PKU) may be minimized or suppressed by a diet low in ____.

Accepted Answer

A) serine 
B) glycine 
C) phenylalanine 
D) proline 
E) glutamic acid 
A) serine 
B) glycine 
C) phenylalanine 
D) proline 
E) glutamic acid

Question 19

The sex chromosome composition of a person with Klinefelter syndrome is ____.

Accepted Answer

A) XXX 
B) XO 
C) XXY 
D) XYY 
E) XY 
A) XXX 
B) XO 
C) XXY 
D) XYY 
E) XY

Question 20

Which X-linked recessive trait affects an individual's blood clotting ability?

Accepted Answer

A) red-green colorblindness 
B) hemophilia A 
C) Duchenne muscular dystrophy 
D) X-linked anhidrotic dysplasia 
E) androgen insensitivity syndrome 
A) red-green colorblindness 
B) hemophilia A 
C) Duchenne muscular dystrophy 
D) X-linked anhidrotic dysplasia 
E) androgen insensitivity syndrome

Exam 14: Human Inheritance

Which traits appear in every generation of a family and occur with equal frequency in both sexes?

When a baby is born with six fingers, the doctor may explain to the parents that this trait is a genetic ____, or a rare version of a trait.

Individuals with Down syndrome have three copies of chromosome ____.

Fusion of a normal gamete (n) with a gamete missing a chromosome (n − 1) gives rise to a zygote with a condition called ____.

If both parents are heterozygous for Huntington's disease, what is the likelihood that their offspring will have Huntington's disease?

Any child of two carriers for an autosomal recessive trait has a _____% chance of inheriting this trait.

When studying a single-gene inherited disorder such as Huntington's disease, researchers may construct a chart called a ____ to look for family connections.

Most translocations are reciprocal, meaning that two ____ exchange broken parts.

Which disorder displays an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance?

Red-green colorblindness is an X-linked recessive trait in humans. A colorblind woman and a man with normal vision have a son. What is the probability that the son is color blind?

The inheritance of a certain allele of a gene that leads to medical problems indicates a genetic ____.

Sometimes homologous chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis, resulting in one daughter cell with an extra chromosome and one daughter cell missing a chromosome. This failure of chromosome separation is called ____.

Amniocentesis is a ____.

A human X-linked recessive gene may be ____.

The condition that occurs when an organism has a full set of chromosomes (2n) plus an additional chromosome is known as ____.

About 70% of flowering plant species are ____.​

The human X and Y chromosomes ____.

Symptoms of phenylketonuria (PKU) may be minimized or suppressed by a diet low in ____.

The sex chromosome composition of a person with Klinefelter syndrome is ____.

Which X-linked recessive trait affects an individual's blood clotting ability?

The Science of Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Starts-Photosynthesis

Releasing Chemical Energy

DNA Structure and Function

From DNA to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Patterns in Inherited Traits

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Lifes Origin and Early Evolution

Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea

The Protists

Plant Evolution

Fungi

Animals I: Major Invertebrate Groups

Animals Ii: the Chordates

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Effects on the Biosphere

Filters

About 70% of flowering plant species are ____.