Question 1

Which type(s) of plants have adapted to hot, dry conditions by minimizing photorespiration?

Accepted Answer

A) C3 only 
B) C4 only 
C) CAM only 
D) C3 and CAM 
E) C4 and CAM 
A) C3 only 
B) C4 only 
C) CAM only 
D) C3 and CAM 
E) C4 and CAM

Question 2

What are the molecular reactants for photosynthesis in plants?

Accepted Answer

A) H2O only 
B) CO2 only 
C) O2 only 
D) both CO2 and O2 
E) both CO2 and H2O 
A) H2O only 
B) CO2 only 
C) O2 only 
D) both CO2 and O2 
E) both CO2 and H2O

Question 3

Match the process to the correct description.
-noncyclic pathway

Accepted Answer

A) Rubisco attaches CO2 to RuBP. 
B) ATP and NADPH are required. 
C) Two PGALs combine to form a six-carbon product. 
D) O2, ATP, and NADPH are produced. 
E) An electron transport system produces ATP but not NADPH. 
A) Rubisco attaches CO2 to RuBP. 
B) ATP and NADPH are required. 
C) Two PGALs combine to form a six-carbon product. 
D) O2, ATP, and NADPH are produced. 
E) An electron transport system produces ATP but not NADPH.

Question 4

Match the process to the correct description.
-formation of glucose

Accepted Answer

A) Rubisco attaches CO2 to RuBP. 
B) ATP and NADPH are required. 
C) Two PGALs combine to form a six-carbon product. 
D) O2, ATP, and NADPH are produced. 
E) An electron transport system produces ATP but not NADPH. 
A) Rubisco attaches CO2 to RuBP. 
B) ATP and NADPH are required. 
C) Two PGALs combine to form a six-carbon product. 
D) O2, ATP, and NADPH are produced. 
E) An electron transport system produces ATP but not NADPH.

Question 5

Openings in leaves through which gases enter and exit are called ____.

Accepted Answer

A) mesophylls 
B) stroma 
C) rubiscos 
D) stomata 
E) photosystems 
A) mesophylls 
B) stroma 
C) rubiscos 
D) stomata 
E) photosystems

Question 6

Discrete packages of light energy are called ____.

Accepted Answer

A) pigments 
B) photons 
C) chlorophylls 
D) radioactive waves 
E) electromagnetic particles 
A) pigments 
B) photons 
C) chlorophylls 
D) radioactive waves 
E) electromagnetic particles

Question 7

The wavelength of visible light with the highest energy is ____.

Accepted Answer

A) violet 
B) blue 
C) yellow 
D) orange 
E) red 
A) violet 
B) blue 
C) yellow 
D) orange 
E) red

Question 8

How did Theodor Engelmann determine which colors of light were optimal for driving photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Engelmann used a prism to split light in

Question 9

How is the process of carbon fixation necessary for plant growth?

Accepted Answer

A) Carbon fixation extracts carbons from organic plant sugars to be used for energy. 
B) Carbon fixation incorporates carbon from PGAL into sugar molecules. 
C) Carbon fixation extracts carbon from an inorganic source (CO2) and uses it to build sugars. 
D) Carbon fixation extracts carbon from an inorganic source (CO2) to produce O2 needed for plant growth. 
E) Carbon fixation regenerates carbon to be used in the light-dependent reactions for ATP production. 
A) Carbon fixation extracts carbons from organic plant sugars to be used for energy. 
B) Carbon fixation incorporates carbon from PGAL into sugar molecules. 
C) Carbon fixation extracts carbon from an inorganic source (CO2) and uses it to build sugars. 
D) Carbon fixation extracts carbon from an inorganic source (CO2) to produce O2 needed for plant growth. 
E) Carbon fixation regenerates carbon to be used in the light-dependent reactions for ATP production.

Question 10

-According to the accompanying diagram, which letter indicates the chloroplast membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 11

​How does the cyclic pathway of light-dependent reactions differ from noncyclic reactions?

Accepted Answer

A) ​Photolysis is performed by photosystem II in the cyclic pathway, but by photosystem II in the noncyclic pathway. 
B) ​The noncyclic pathway uses electrons from water to produce ATP, while the cyclic pathway uses electrons from water to produce sugars. 
C) ​The noncyclic pathway evolved before the cyclic pathway and does not produce sugars. 
D) ​The cyclic pathway evolved before the noncyclic pathway and does not produce oxygen. 
E) ​Although the noncyclic reactions evolved first, carbon fixation occurs in both cyclic and noncyclic reactions. 
A) ​Photolysis is performed by photosystem II in the cyclic pathway, but by photosystem II in the noncyclic pathway. 
B) ​The noncyclic pathway uses electrons from water to produce ATP, while the cyclic pathway uses electrons from water to produce sugars. 
C) ​The noncyclic pathway evolved before the cyclic pathway and does not produce sugars. 
D) ​The cyclic pathway evolved before the noncyclic pathway and does not produce oxygen. 
E) ​Although the noncyclic reactions evolved first, carbon fixation occurs in both cyclic and noncyclic reactions.

Question 12

In Engelmann's 1882 experiment, why did bacteria cluster in areas of red or blue wavelengths of light?

Accepted Answer

A) The bacteria used light of those wavelengths for photosynthesis. 
B) Algae photosynthesized most efficiently at those wavelengths, producing needed oxygen. 
C) The bacteria produced oxygen most efficiently using red and blue light. 
D) Algae photosynthesized most efficiently at those wavelengths, producing needed carbon dioxide. 
E) The bacteria were attracted to bright light. 
A) The bacteria used light of those wavelengths for photosynthesis. 
B) Algae photosynthesized most efficiently at those wavelengths, producing needed oxygen. 
C) The bacteria produced oxygen most efficiently using red and blue light. 
D) Algae photosynthesized most efficiently at those wavelengths, producing needed carbon dioxide. 
E) The bacteria were attracted to bright light.

Question 13

The electrons that are accepted by NADP+ to form NADPH during the noncyclic pathways of the light-dependent reactions are emitted by ____.

Accepted Answer

A) photosystem I 
B) hydrogen ions 
C) glucose 
D) sunlight 
E) ATP synthase 
A) photosystem I 
B) hydrogen ions 
C) glucose 
D) sunlight 
E) ATP synthase

Question 14

Match the description to the correct photosynthetic pathway.
-In this process, rubisco attaches oxygen (instead of carbon dioxide) to RuBP.

Accepted Answer

A) light-dependent reactions in the noncyclic pathway 
B) light-dependent reactions in the cyclic pathway 
C) Calvin-Benson cycle 
D) C4 pathway 
E) photorespiration 
A) light-dependent reactions in the noncyclic pathway 
B) light-dependent reactions in the cyclic pathway 
C) Calvin-Benson cycle 
D) C4 pathway 
E) photorespiration

Question 15

Match the process to the correct description.
-cyclic pathway

Accepted Answer

A) Rubisco attaches CO2 to RuBP. 
B) ATP and NADPH are required. 
C) Two PGALs combine to form a six-carbon product. 
D) O2, ATP, and NADPH are produced. 
E) An electron transport system produces ATP but not NADPH. 
A) Rubisco attaches CO2 to RuBP. 
B) ATP and NADPH are required. 
C) Two PGALs combine to form a six-carbon product. 
D) O2, ATP, and NADPH are produced. 
E) An electron transport system produces ATP but not NADPH.

Question 16

ß-carotene ____.

Accepted Answer

A) absorbs yellow and orange light 
B) is the major pigment found in plant cells 
C) and chlorophyll a absorb light of the same wavelength 
D) is an accessory pigment 
E) reflects green light 
A) absorbs yellow and orange light 
B) is the major pigment found in plant cells 
C) and chlorophyll a absorb light of the same wavelength 
D) is an accessory pigment 
E) reflects green light

Question 17

What role(s) do ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions play in the conversion of PGA to PGAL in the Calvin-Benson cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP donates a phosphate group and NADPH donates electrons and hydrogen. 
B) ATP and NADPH both donate phosphate groups. 
C) ATP provides electrons and NADPH provides a phosphate group. 
D) ATP provides a carbon source and NADPH donates electrons and hydrogen. 
E) ATP donates a phosphate group and NADPH provides a carbon source. 
A) ATP donates a phosphate group and NADPH donates electrons and hydrogen. 
B) ATP and NADPH both donate phosphate groups. 
C) ATP provides electrons and NADPH provides a phosphate group. 
D) ATP provides a carbon source and NADPH donates electrons and hydrogen. 
E) ATP donates a phosphate group and NADPH provides a carbon source.

Question 18

During times of high sugar production, some PGAL molecules that remain in the chloroplast ____.

Accepted Answer

A) ​undergo carbon fixation by ATP synthase 
B) ​are assembled into lipid molecules 
C) ​are assembled into starch molecules 
D) ​are used to produce sucrose 
E) ​are exported to the plant's vascular tissue 
A) ​undergo carbon fixation by ATP synthase 
B) ​are assembled into lipid molecules 
C) ​are assembled into starch molecules 
D) ​are used to produce sucrose 
E) ​are exported to the plant's vascular tissue

Question 19

Why might a photosynthetic algal species living in deep ocean water have a different combination of pigments than a tree living above sea level?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthetic species are ada

Question 20

Chlorophyll a, the most common photosynthetic pigment in plants, ____, giving plants their green color.

Accepted Answer

A) absorbs light of low wavelengths (400-500 nm) 
B) reflects green light 
C) absorbs yellow and blue light 
D) absorbs green light 
E) reflects red and yellow light 
A) absorbs light of low wavelengths (400-500 nm) 
B) reflects green light 
C) absorbs yellow and blue light 
D) absorbs green light 
E) reflects red and yellow light

Exam 6: Where It Starts-Photosynthesis

Which type(s) of plants have adapted to hot, dry conditions by minimizing photorespiration?

What are the molecular reactants for photosynthesis in plants?

Match the process to the correct description. -noncyclic pathway

Match the process to the correct description. -formation of glucose

Openings in leaves through which gases enter and exit are called ____.

Discrete packages of light energy are called ____.

The wavelength of visible light with the highest energy is ____.

How did Theodor Engelmann determine which colors of light were optimal for driving photosynthesis?

How is the process of carbon fixation necessary for plant growth?

-According to the accompanying diagram, which letter indicates the chloroplast membrane?

​How does the cyclic pathway of light-dependent reactions differ from noncyclic reactions?

In Engelmann's 1882 experiment, why did bacteria cluster in areas of red or blue wavelengths of light?

The electrons that are accepted by NADP+ to form NADPH during the noncyclic pathways of the light-dependent reactions are emitted by ____.

Match the description to the correct photosynthetic pathway. -In this process, rubisco attaches oxygen (instead of carbon dioxide) to RuBP.

Match the process to the correct description. -cyclic pathway

ß-carotene ____.

What role(s) do ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions play in the conversion of PGA to PGAL in the Calvin-Benson cycle?

During times of high sugar production, some PGAL molecules that remain in the chloroplast ____.

Why might a photosynthetic algal species living in deep ocean water have a different combination of pigments than a tree living above sea level?

Chlorophyll a, the most common photosynthetic pigment in plants, ____, giving plants their green color.

The Science of Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Releasing Chemical Energy

DNA Structure and Function

From DNA to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Patterns in Inherited Traits

Human Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Lifes Origin and Early Evolution

Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea

The Protists

Plant Evolution

Fungi

Animals I: Major Invertebrate Groups

Animals Ii: the Chordates

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Effects on the Biosphere

Filters

How does the cyclic pathway of light-dependent reactions differ from noncyclic reactions?

The electrons that are accepted by NADP⁺ to form NADPH during the noncyclic pathways of the light-dependent reactions are emitted by ____.