Question 1

In which region of the neuron do nerve impulses travel the fastest?

Accepted Answer

A)  Axon 
B)  Axon hillock 
C)  Cell body 
D)  Dendrites 
A)  Axon 
B)  Axon hillock 
C)  Cell body 
D)  Dendrites

Question 2

A cell was isolated from the CNS. Studies revealed that its main function was to clear cellular debris. Which of the following is the most likely cell type?

Accepted Answer

A)  Astrocyte 
B)  Ependymal cell 
C)  Microglia 
D)  Schwann cell 
A)  Astrocyte 
B)  Ependymal cell 
C)  Microglia 
D)  Schwann cell

Question 3

A neuron has a resting membrane potential of -70 mV and a threshold of 45 mV. It receives 2 EPSPs that change the membrane potential by 30 mV and 1 IPSP that changes it by 10 mV. Which of the following would occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Depolarization 
B)  Hyperpolarization 
C)  Facilitation 
D)  Action potential 
A)  Depolarization 
B)  Hyperpolarization 
C)  Facilitation 
D)  Action potential

Question 4

A 40-year-old male suffers from a head trauma that affects cranial nerve I. Which of the following symptoms would be expected?

Accepted Answer

A)  Visual disturbances 
B)  Loss of sense of smell 
C)  Loss of ability to taste 
D)  Hearing disturbances 
A)  Visual disturbances 
B)  Loss of sense of smell 
C)  Loss of ability to taste 
D)  Hearing disturbances

Question 5

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can accumulate around the brain when there is injury to the sites of CSF reabsorption, which are called the:

Accepted Answer

A)  arachnoid villi. 
B)  epidural foramina. 
C)  lateral apertures. 
D)  choroid plexuses. 
A)  arachnoid villi. 
B)  epidural foramina. 
C)  lateral apertures. 
D)  choroid plexuses.

Question 6

A cell that is involved in forming the blood-brain barrier is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  microglia. 
B)  Schwann cell. 
C)  oligodendrocyte. 
D)  astrocyte. 
A)  microglia. 
B)  Schwann cell. 
C)  oligodendrocyte. 
D)  astrocyte.

Question 7

Which of the following is not a neuroglial cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  Astrocyte 
B)  Oligodendrocyte 
C)  Neuron 
D)  Ependymal cell 
A)  Astrocyte 
B)  Oligodendrocyte 
C)  Neuron 
D)  Ependymal cell

Question 8

Which of the following transmit a nerve impulse at the highest rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Large nonmyelinated axons 
B)  Large myelinated axons 
C)  Small nonmyelinated axons 
D)  Small myelinated axons 
A)  Large nonmyelinated axons 
B)  Large myelinated axons 
C)  Small nonmyelinated axons 
D)  Small myelinated axons

Question 9

A 19-year-old male college student complains to his physician that he cannot stay awake in class regardless of how much sleep he gets. A drug that stimulates which of the following areas would best treat his problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Corpora quadrigemina 
B)  Reticular activating system 
C)  Cerebellum 
D)  Hypothalamus 
A)  Corpora quadrigemina 
B)  Reticular activating system 
C)  Cerebellum 
D)  Hypothalamus

Question 10

The _____ is a transverse fiber tract that connects the two cerebral hemispheres.

Accepted Answer

A)  peduncle 
B)  corpus callosum 
C)  basal ganglia 
D)  pons 
A)  peduncle 
B)  corpus callosum 
C)  basal ganglia 
D)  pons

Question 11

A patient presents with altered respiratory patterns following head trauma. A lesion in which of the following areas would cause these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cerebrum 
B)  Cerebellum 
C)  Midbrain 
D)  Hindbrain 
A)  Cerebrum 
B)  Cerebellum 
C)  Midbrain 
D)  Hindbrain

Question 12

Stimulation of the vagus nerve causes:

Accepted Answer

A)  increased gastrointestinal activity. 
B)  increased heart rate. 
C)  pupil constriction. 
D)  vasoconstriction. 
A)  increased gastrointestinal activity. 
B)  increased heart rate. 
C)  pupil constriction. 
D)  vasoconstriction.

Question 13

A 45-year-old male was previously diagnosed with Parkinson disease. He has impaired fine repetitive motor movements. Which of the following areas is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

A)  Basal ganglia 
B)  Prefrontal area 
C)  Hippocampus 
D)  Temporal lobe 
A)  Basal ganglia 
B)  Prefrontal area 
C)  Hippocampus 
D)  Temporal lobe

Question 14

A 20-year-old male was brought to the ER for severe burns. He requested something for the excruciating pain he was experiencing. Blocking which of the following neurotransmitters would reduce his pain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Enkephalin 
B)  Dopamine 
C)  Acetylcholine 
D)  Substance P 
A)  Enkephalin 
B)  Dopamine 
C)  Acetylcholine 
D)  Substance P

Question 15

If a neuron's membrane potential is held close to the threshold potential by EPSPs, the neuron is said to be:

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperpolarized. 
B)  facilitated. 
C)  integrated. 
D)  inhibited. 
A)  hyperpolarized. 
B)  facilitated. 
C)  integrated. 
D)  inhibited.

Question 16

The membrane that separates the cerebellum from the cerebrum is known as the:

Accepted Answer

A)  tentorium cerebelli. 
B)  falx cerebri. 
C)  arachnoid membrane. 
D)  falx cerebelli. 
A)  tentorium cerebelli. 
B)  falx cerebri. 
C)  arachnoid membrane. 
D)  falx cerebelli.

Question 17

Which of the following neurons have the capacity for regeneration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Unmyelinated neurons in the brain 
B)  Myelinated neurons in the spinal cord 
C)  Myelinated peripheral neurons 
D)  Postganglionic motor neurons 
A)  Unmyelinated neurons in the brain 
B)  Myelinated neurons in the spinal cord 
C)  Myelinated peripheral neurons 
D)  Postganglionic motor neurons

Question 18

The convolutions on the surface of the cerebrum are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  sulci. 
B)  fissures. 
C)  reticular formations. 
D)  gyri. 
A)  sulci. 
B)  fissures. 
C)  reticular formations. 
D)  gyri.

Question 19

The primary visual cortex is located in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  frontal lobe. 
B)  temporal lobe. 
C)  occipital lobe. 
D)  parietal lobe. 
A)  frontal lobe. 
B)  temporal lobe. 
C)  occipital lobe. 
D)  parietal lobe.

Exam 12: Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

In which region of the neuron do nerve impulses travel the fastest?

A cell was isolated from the CNS. Studies revealed that its main function was to clear cellular debris. Which of the following is the most likely cell type?

A neuron has a resting membrane potential of -70 mV and a threshold of 45 mV. It receives 2 EPSPs that change the membrane potential by 30 mV and 1 IPSP that changes it by 10 mV. Which of the following would occur?

A 40-year-old male suffers from a head trauma that affects cranial nerve I. Which of the following symptoms would be expected?

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can accumulate around the brain when there is injury to the sites of CSF reabsorption, which are called the:

A cell that is involved in forming the blood-brain barrier is the:

Which of the following is not a neuroglial cell?

Which of the following transmit a nerve impulse at the highest rate?

A 19-year-old male college student complains to his physician that he cannot stay awake in class regardless of how much sleep he gets. A drug that stimulates which of the following areas would best treat his problem?

The _____ is a transverse fiber tract that connects the two cerebral hemispheres.

A patient presents with altered respiratory patterns following head trauma. A lesion in which of the following areas would cause these symptoms?

Stimulation of the vagus nerve causes:

A 45-year-old male was previously diagnosed with Parkinson disease. He has impaired fine repetitive motor movements. Which of the following areas is most likely damaged?

A 20-year-old male was brought to the ER for severe burns. He requested something for the excruciating pain he was experiencing. Blocking which of the following neurotransmitters would reduce his pain?

If a neuron's membrane potential is held close to the threshold potential by EPSPs, the neuron is said to be:

The membrane that separates the cerebellum from the cerebrum is known as the:

Which of the following neurons have the capacity for regeneration?

The convolutions on the surface of the cerebrum are called:

The primary visual cortex is located in the:

Cellular Biology

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Innate Defenses: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Hypersensitivities, Infection, and Immune Deficiencies

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer and Tumor Spread

Cancer Epidemiology, Manifestations, and Treatment

Cancer in Children

Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Concepts of Neurologic Dysfunction

Alterations of Neurologic Function

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Hematologic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems, Including Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

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