Question 1

Maintenance of homeostasis and instinctive behavioral control arise from the:

Accepted Answer

A)  thalamus. 
B)  medulla. 
C)  cerebellum. 
D)  hypothalamus. 
A)  thalamus. 
B)  medulla. 
C)  cerebellum. 
D)  hypothalamus. D

Question 2

The brain receives approximately _____ of the cardiac output.

Accepted Answer

A)  80% 
B)  20% 
C)  40% 
D)  10% 
A)  80% 
B)  20% 
C)  40% 
D)  10% B

Question 3

The _____ ensures collateral blood flow from blood vessels supplying the brain.

Accepted Answer

A)  carotid arteries 
B)  basal artery 
C)  circle of Willis 
D)  vertebral arteries 
A)  carotid arteries 
B)  basal artery 
C)  circle of Willis 
D)  vertebral arteries C

Question 4

Motor neurons are structurally classified as:

Accepted Answer

A)  unipolar neurons. 
B)  pseudounipolar neurons. 
C)  bipolar neurons. 
D)  multipolar neurons. 
A)  unipolar neurons. 
B)  pseudounipolar neurons. 
C)  bipolar neurons. 
D)  multipolar neurons.

Question 5

A nerve is stimulated by an electrical current. Upon stimulation, neurotransmitters are released from the:

Accepted Answer

A)  synapse. 
B)  synaptic bouton. 
C)  synaptic cleft. 
D)  receptor. 
A)  synapse. 
B)  synaptic bouton. 
C)  synaptic cleft. 
D)  receptor.

Question 6

A patient begins taking a new drug that causes pupil dilation, vasoconstriction, decreased gastrointestinal motility, and goose bumps. Which of the following receptors are activated?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alpha 1 
B)  Alpha 2 
C)  Beta 1 
D)  Beta 2 
A)  Alpha 1 
B)  Alpha 2 
C)  Beta 1 
D)  Beta 2

Question 7

A 12-year-old female presents with hydrocephalus. Blockage of which of the following would cause this condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cerebral aqueduct 
B)  Inferior colliculi 
C)  Red nucleus 
D)  Tegmentum 
A)  Cerebral aqueduct 
B)  Inferior colliculi 
C)  Red nucleus 
D)  Tegmentum

Question 8

Characteristics of upper motor neurons include:

Accepted Answer

A)  directly innervating muscles. 
B)  influencing and modifying spinal reflex arcs. 
C)  cell bodies located in the gray matter of the spinal cord. 
D)  dendritic processes extending out of the CNS. 
A)  directly innervating muscles. 
B)  influencing and modifying spinal reflex arcs. 
C)  cell bodies located in the gray matter of the spinal cord. 
D)  dendritic processes extending out of the CNS.

Question 9

Parasympathetic motor neurons release the neurotransmitter:

Accepted Answer

A)  epinephrine. 
B)  serotonin. 
C)  acetylcholine. 
D)  substance P. 
A)  epinephrine. 
B)  serotonin. 
C)  acetylcholine. 
D)  substance P.

Question 10

The region responsible for motor aspects of speech is termed the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Wernicke area. 
B)  Broca area. 
C)  primary speech area. 
D)  insula. 
A)  Wernicke area. 
B)  Broca area. 
C)  primary speech area. 
D)  insula.

Question 11

Which of the following areas of the spinal cord contains cell bodies involved in the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anterior horn 
B)  Ventral horn 
C)  Lateral horn 
D)  Dorsal horn 
A)  Anterior horn 
B)  Ventral horn 
C)  Lateral horn 
D)  Dorsal horn

Question 12

The somatic nervous system consists of pathways that control:

Accepted Answer

A)  the heart. 
B)  the spinal cord. 
C)  skeletal muscle. 
D)  smooth muscle organs. 
A)  the heart. 
B)  the spinal cord. 
C)  skeletal muscle. 
D)  smooth muscle organs.

Question 13

A 32-year-old female suffers from severe brain damage following a motor vehicle accident. After rehabilitation she notices that her thought processes and goal-oriented behavior are impaired. The area most likely responsible is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  thalamus. 
B)  limbic. 
C)  prefrontal. 
D)  occipital. 
A)  thalamus. 
B)  limbic. 
C)  prefrontal. 
D)  occipital.

Question 14

Reflex activities concerned with heart rate and blood pressure are controlled by the:

Accepted Answer

A)  medulla oblongata. 
B)  pons. 
C)  midbrain. 
D)  cerebrum. 
A)  medulla oblongata. 
B)  pons. 
C)  midbrain. 
D)  cerebrum.

Question 15

Neurotransmitters interact with the postsynaptic membrane by binding to a:

Accepted Answer

A)  receptor. 
B)  Nissl body. 
C)  glial cell. 
D)  neurofibril. 
A)  receptor. 
B)  Nissl body. 
C)  glial cell. 
D)  neurofibril.

Question 16

The axon leaves the cell body at the:

Accepted Answer

A)  axon hillock. 
B)  Nissl body. 
C)  node of Ranvier. 
D)  synaptic hillock. 
A)  axon hillock. 
B)  Nissl body. 
C)  node of Ranvier. 
D)  synaptic hillock.

Question 17

An effect of $\beta$-1 receptor stimulation is:

Accepted Answer

A)  dilation of the coronary arteries. 
B)  arterial vasoconstriction. 
C)  increase in the strength of myocardial contraction. 
D)  decrease in the rate of myocardial contraction. 
A)  dilation of the coronary arteries. 
B)  arterial vasoconstriction. 
C)  increase in the strength of myocardial contraction. 
D)  decrease in the rate of myocardial contraction.

Question 18

Sensory pathways in the spinal cord include the:

Accepted Answer

A)  corticospinal tract. 
B)  pyramids. 
C)  spinothalamic tract. 
D)  anterior column. 
A)  corticospinal tract. 
B)  pyramids. 
C)  spinothalamic tract. 
D)  anterior column.

Question 19

An experiment looking at an isolated neuron revealed a sensory nerve with one process containing a dendritic portion extending away from the CNS and an axon extending toward the CNS. Which of the following classifications would this neuron fall into?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bipolar 
B)  Multipolar 
C)  Pseudounipolar 
D)  Interneuron 
A)  Bipolar 
B)  Multipolar 
C)  Pseudounipolar 
D)  Interneuron

Question 20

The outermost membrane surrounding the brain is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  dura mater. 
B)  arachnoid mater. 
C)  pia mater. 
D)  falx cerebri. 
A)  dura mater. 
B)  arachnoid mater. 
C)  pia mater. 
D)  falx cerebri.

Exam 12: Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Maintenance of homeostasis and instinctive behavioral control arise from the:

The brain receives approximately _____ of the cardiac output.

The _____ ensures collateral blood flow from blood vessels supplying the brain.

Motor neurons are structurally classified as:

A nerve is stimulated by an electrical current. Upon stimulation, neurotransmitters are released from the:

A patient begins taking a new drug that causes pupil dilation, vasoconstriction, decreased gastrointestinal motility, and goose bumps. Which of the following receptors are activated?

A 12-year-old female presents with hydrocephalus. Blockage of which of the following would cause this condition?

Characteristics of upper motor neurons include:

Parasympathetic motor neurons release the neurotransmitter:

The region responsible for motor aspects of speech is termed the:

Which of the following areas of the spinal cord contains cell bodies involved in the autonomic nervous system?

The somatic nervous system consists of pathways that control:

A 32-year-old female suffers from severe brain damage following a motor vehicle accident. After rehabilitation she notices that her thought processes and goal-oriented behavior are impaired. The area most likely responsible is the:

Reflex activities concerned with heart rate and blood pressure are controlled by the:

Neurotransmitters interact with the postsynaptic membrane by binding to a:

The axon leaves the cell body at the:

An effect of β\betaβ -1 receptor stimulation is:

Sensory pathways in the spinal cord include the:

An experiment looking at an isolated neuron revealed a sensory nerve with one process containing a dendritic portion extending away from the CNS and an axon extending toward the CNS. Which of the following classifications would this neuron fall into?

The outermost membrane surrounding the brain is the:

Cellular Biology

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Innate Defenses: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Hypersensitivities, Infection, and Immune Deficiencies

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer and Tumor Spread

Cancer Epidemiology, Manifestations, and Treatment

Cancer in Children

Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Concepts of Neurologic Dysfunction

Alterations of Neurologic Function

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Hematologic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems, Including Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Filters

An effect of $\beta$ -1 receptor stimulation is: