Question 1

If a person has innate resistance to a disease, the person has _____ immunity.

Accepted Answer

A)  natural 
B)  native 
C)  active acquired 
D)  passive 
A)  natural 
B)  native 
C)  active acquired 
D)  passive A

Question 2

Leukotrienes differ from histamine in which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

A)  Site of production 
B)  Vascular effect 
C)  Chemotactic ability 
D)  Time of release 
A)  Site of production 
B)  Vascular effect 
C)  Chemotactic ability 
D)  Time of release D

Question 3

A 20-year-old male received a knife wound to the arm during an altercation. Which of the following types of immunity was compromised?

Accepted Answer

A)  Natural immunity 
B)  Inflammatory response 
C)  Adaptive immunity 
D)  Specific immunity 
A)  Natural immunity 
B)  Inflammatory response 
C)  Adaptive immunity 
D)  Specific immunity A

Question 4

The complement system, clotting system, and kinin system share which of the following characteristics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Activation of a series of proenzymes 
B)  Phagocytosis initiation 
C)  Granulocyte production 
D)  Activated by interferon 
A)  Activation of a series of proenzymes 
B)  Phagocytosis initiation 
C)  Granulocyte production 
D)  Activated by interferon

Question 5

A 25-year-old male is in a car accident and sustains a fracture to his left femur with extensive soft tissue injury. The pain associated with the injury is related to:

Accepted Answer

A)  histamine and serotonin. 
B)  kinins and prostaglandins. 
C)  vasoconstriction. 
D)  immune complex formation. 
A)  histamine and serotonin. 
B)  kinins and prostaglandins. 
C)  vasoconstriction. 
D)  immune complex formation.

Question 6

The end product of the clotting system is:

Accepted Answer

A)  plasmin. 
B)  fibrin. 
C)  collagen. 
D)  factor X. 
A)  plasmin. 
B)  fibrin. 
C)  collagen. 
D)  factor X.

Question 7

A 54-year-old male IV drug user is diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C.Testing revealed that he is a candidate for treatment. Which of the following could be used to treat his condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Interleukin-1 
B)  Interleukin-6 
C)  Interleukin-10 
D)  Interferon 
A)  Interleukin-1 
B)  Interleukin-6 
C)  Interleukin-10 
D)  Interferon

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of biochemical secretions that trap and kill microorganisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hormones 
B)  Neurotransmitters 
C)  Earwax 
D)  Gastric acid 
A)  Hormones 
B)  Neurotransmitters 
C)  Earwax 
D)  Gastric acid

Question 9

A 30-year-old female develops chronic inflammation after accidentally ingesting her cat feces that were contaminated with toxoplasmosis. Which of the following would most likely also be present?

Accepted Answer

A)  Granuloma formation 
B)  Degranulation 
C)  Debridement 
D)  Exudate production 
A)  Granuloma formation 
B)  Degranulation 
C)  Debridement 
D)  Exudate production

Question 10

The phagocyte's role begins when the inflammatory response causes it to stick avidly to capillary walls in a process called:

Accepted Answer

A)  margination. 
B)  exudation. 
C)  diapedesis. 
D)  emigration. 
A)  margination. 
B)  exudation. 
C)  diapedesis. 
D)  emigration.

Question 11

A 2-year-old female presents with difficulty breathing and an edematous appearance. Her mother reports that the condition is recurrent and seems to occur more often during stressful situations. The child is diagnosed with angioneurotic edema. Which of the following is deficient in this child?

Accepted Answer

A)  C1 esterase inhibitor 
B)  Carboxypeptidase 
C)  Neutrophils 
D)  Plasmin 
A)  C1 esterase inhibitor 
B)  Carboxypeptidase 
C)  Neutrophils 
D)  Plasmin

Question 12

What is a purpose of the inflammatory process?

Accepted Answer

A)  To provide specific responses toward antigens 
B)  To lyse cell membranes of microorganisms 
C)  To prevent infection of the injured tissue 
D)  To create immunity against subsequent tissue injury 
A)  To provide specific responses toward antigens 
B)  To lyse cell membranes of microorganisms 
C)  To prevent infection of the injured tissue 
D)  To create immunity against subsequent tissue injury

Question 13

The predominant phagocyte of early inflammation is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  eosinophil. 
B)  neutrophil. 
C)  lymphocyte. 
D)  macrophage. 
A)  eosinophil. 
B)  neutrophil. 
C)  lymphocyte. 
D)  macrophage.

Question 14

A 13-year-old female fell on her knee while skating. The area became inflamed and sore to touch. Which of the following would result from activation of the plasma system secondary to her injury?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mast cell degranulation 
B)  Release of cellular products 
C)  Cellular infiltration 
D)  Pathogenic invasion 
A)  Mast cell degranulation 
B)  Release of cellular products 
C)  Cellular infiltration 
D)  Pathogenic invasion

Question 15

The classic pathway of the complement system is activated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  histamine. 
B)  antigen-antibody complexes. 
C)  leukotrienes. 
D)  prostaglandins. 
A)  histamine. 
B)  antigen-antibody complexes. 
C)  leukotrienes. 
D)  prostaglandins.

Question 16

The primary actions of the complement cascade include:

Accepted Answer

A)  increased vascular permeability and vasodilation, chemotaxis, opsonization, and cell killing. 
B)  mast cell degranulation, activation of T cells, formation of immunoglobulins, and angiogenesis. 
C)  phagocytosis, clotting, macrophage activation, and vasodilation. 
D)  release of pyrogens, prostaglandins, and stimulation of fibroblasts. 
A)  increased vascular permeability and vasodilation, chemotaxis, opsonization, and cell killing. 
B)  mast cell degranulation, activation of T cells, formation of immunoglobulins, and angiogenesis. 
C)  phagocytosis, clotting, macrophage activation, and vasodilation. 
D)  release of pyrogens, prostaglandins, and stimulation of fibroblasts.

Question 17

A 25-year-old female presents to her physician complaining of vaginal discharge of a white, viscous, and foul-smelling substance. She reports that she has been taking antibiotics for the past 6 months. Which of the following is the most likely reason for her discharge?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clostridium difficile overgrowth 
B)  Decreased Lactobacillus 
C)  Streptococcus overgrowth 
D)  Decreased Candida albicans 
A)  Clostridium difficile overgrowth 
B)  Decreased Lactobacillus 
C)  Streptococcus overgrowth 
D)  Decreased Candida albicans

Question 18

The macrophage secretion that stimulates procollagen synthesis and secretion is:

Accepted Answer

A)  angiogenesis factor. 
B)  matrix metalloproteinase. 
C)  vascular endothelial growth factor. 
D)  transforming growth factor-beta. 
A)  angiogenesis factor. 
B)  matrix metalloproteinase. 
C)  vascular endothelial growth factor. 
D)  transforming growth factor-beta.

Question 19

A 10-year-old male is diagnosed with a large tapeworm. Which of the following cells would be produced in response to this worm?

Accepted Answer

A)  Monocytes 
B)  Eosinophils 
C)  Neutrophils 
D)  Natural killer cells 
A)  Monocytes 
B)  Eosinophils 
C)  Neutrophils 
D)  Natural killer cells

Question 20

The mast cell, a major activator of inflammation, initiates the inflammatory response through the process of:

Accepted Answer

A)  cytokinesis. 
B)  endocytosis. 
C)  degranulation. 
D)  hemolysis. 
A)  cytokinesis. 
B)  endocytosis. 
C)  degranulation. 
D)  hemolysis.

Exam 5: Innate Defenses: Inflammation

If a person has innate resistance to a disease, the person has _____ immunity.

Leukotrienes differ from histamine in which of the following ways?

A 20-year-old male received a knife wound to the arm during an altercation. Which of the following types of immunity was compromised?

The complement system, clotting system, and kinin system share which of the following characteristics?

A 25-year-old male is in a car accident and sustains a fracture to his left femur with extensive soft tissue injury. The pain associated with the injury is related to:

The end product of the clotting system is:

A 54-year-old male IV drug user is diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C.Testing revealed that he is a candidate for treatment. Which of the following could be used to treat his condition?

Which of the following is an example of biochemical secretions that trap and kill microorganisms?

A 30-year-old female develops chronic inflammation after accidentally ingesting her cat feces that were contaminated with toxoplasmosis. Which of the following would most likely also be present?

The phagocyte's role begins when the inflammatory response causes it to stick avidly to capillary walls in a process called:

A 2-year-old female presents with difficulty breathing and an edematous appearance. Her mother reports that the condition is recurrent and seems to occur more often during stressful situations. The child is diagnosed with angioneurotic edema. Which of the following is deficient in this child?

What is a purpose of the inflammatory process?

The predominant phagocyte of early inflammation is the:

A 13-year-old female fell on her knee while skating. The area became inflamed and sore to touch. Which of the following would result from activation of the plasma system secondary to her injury?

The classic pathway of the complement system is activated by:

The primary actions of the complement cascade include:

A 25-year-old female presents to her physician complaining of vaginal discharge of a white, viscous, and foul-smelling substance. She reports that she has been taking antibiotics for the past 6 months. Which of the following is the most likely reason for her discharge?

The macrophage secretion that stimulates procollagen synthesis and secretion is:

A 10-year-old male is diagnosed with a large tapeworm. Which of the following cells would be produced in response to this worm?

The mast cell, a major activator of inflammation, initiates the inflammatory response through the process of:

Cellular Biology

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Adaptive Immunity

Hypersensitivities, Infection, and Immune Deficiencies

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer and Tumor Spread

Cancer Epidemiology, Manifestations, and Treatment

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Concepts of Neurologic Dysfunction

Alterations of Neurologic Function

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Hematologic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems, Including Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

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