Question 1

Transchondral fractures are most prevalent in:

Accepted Answer

A)  adolescents. 
B)  elderly adults. 
C)  infants. 
D)  premenopausal females. 
A)  adolescents. 
B)  elderly adults. 
C)  infants. 
D)  premenopausal females. A

Question 2

A 51-year-old male experienced severe acute gouty arthritis. Which of the following is the most common trigger for the symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Trauma 
B)  Anemia 
C)  High-fat foods 
D)  Lack of exercise 
A)  Trauma 
B)  Anemia 
C)  High-fat foods 
D)  Lack of exercise A

Question 3

A 29-year-old male was recently diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis. He is interested in obtaining more information about his disease. Patient teaching would include all of the following statements except:

Accepted Answer

A)  a diagnosis is made from history, physical examination, x-rays, and genetic analysis. 
B)  inflammation of the fibrocartilage in cartilaginous joints results in the erosion of bone structure, scar tissue formation, and joint fusion. 
C)  the more common signs and symptoms of early disease include restricted joint movement and increased pain after physical activity. 
D)  the usual treatment includes antiinflammatory and analgesic medications, exercises, and physical therapy. 
A)  a diagnosis is made from history, physical examination, x-rays, and genetic analysis. 
B)  inflammation of the fibrocartilage in cartilaginous joints results in the erosion of bone structure, scar tissue formation, and joint fusion. 
C)  the more common signs and symptoms of early disease include restricted joint movement and increased pain after physical activity. 
D)  the usual treatment includes antiinflammatory and analgesic medications, exercises, and physical therapy. C

Question 4

A 65-year-old Hispanic female is admitted to the hospital with a pathologic, compound, oblique fracture of the femur. Which of the following statements best describes this type of fracture?

Accepted Answer

A)  The fracture line is parallel to the bone. 
B)  The fracture line is diagonal to the shaft of the bone. 
C)  The fracture line is perpendicular to the bone. 
D)  The fracture line is vertical to the shaft of the bone. 
A)  The fracture line is parallel to the bone. 
B)  The fracture line is diagonal to the shaft of the bone. 
C)  The fracture line is perpendicular to the bone. 
D)  The fracture line is vertical to the shaft of the bone.

Question 5

A 35-year-old female suffers a broken clavicle following a motor vehicle accident. X-ray reveals that the bone surfaces in the joint partially lost contact with each other. This condition is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  dislocation. 
B)  subluxation. 
C)  sublimation. 
D)  nonunion. 
A)  dislocation. 
B)  subluxation. 
C)  sublimation. 
D)  nonunion.

Question 6

A 54-year-old female was recently diagnosed with degenerative joint disease. This condition causes:

Accepted Answer

A)  degeneration and loss of the epiphyses. 
B)  degeneration and loss of articular cartilage. 
C)  loss of synovial fluid. 
D)  degeneration of the joint capsule. 
A)  degeneration and loss of the epiphyses. 
B)  degeneration and loss of articular cartilage. 
C)  loss of synovial fluid. 
D)  degeneration of the joint capsule.

Question 7

A 70-year-old female presents with a hip fracture. She is diagnosed with osteoporosis. This condition is caused by an increase in bone:

Accepted Answer

A)  density. 
B)  formation. 
C)  resorption. 
D)  mineralization. 
A)  density. 
B)  formation. 
C)  resorption. 
D)  mineralization.

Question 8

A 54-year-old male was recently diagnosed with osteoarthritis. Which of the following symptoms is he most likely experiencing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Joint swelling 
B)  Hypermobility of joints 
C)  Contractures 
D)  Joint pain 
A)  Joint swelling 
B)  Hypermobility of joints 
C)  Contractures 
D)  Joint pain

Question 9

A 32-year-old male was injured in a motor vehicle accident and confined to bed for 3 weeks. During this time, the size and strength of muscle fibers decreased, a condition referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  myodysplasia. 
B)  ischemic atrophy. 
C)  disuse atrophy. 
D)  deconditioning hypoplasia. 
A)  myodysplasia. 
B)  ischemic atrophy. 
C)  disuse atrophy. 
D)  deconditioning hypoplasia.

Question 10

Myeloma is a cancer that originates in which bone marrow cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  T cell 
B)  Megakaryocyte 
C)  Plasma cell 
D)  Stem cell 
A)  T cell 
B)  Megakaryocyte 
C)  Plasma cell 
D)  Stem cell

Question 11

Researchers have now determined that rheumatoid arthritis:

Accepted Answer

A)  is curable with antiviral agents. 
B)  is an autoimmune disease. 
C)  arises from rheumatic fever. 
D)  has the same causes as osteoarthritis. 
A)  is curable with antiviral agents. 
B)  is an autoimmune disease. 
C)  arises from rheumatic fever. 
D)  has the same causes as osteoarthritis.

Question 12

A 36-year-old male complains of pain and weakness in the elbow. He reports that he is a warehouse worker and lifts boxes daily. MRI reveals inflammation of the tendon where it attaches to bone. This condition is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  periosteitis. 
B)  pericondylitis. 
C)  bursitis. 
D)  epicondylitis. 
A)  periosteitis. 
B)  pericondylitis. 
C)  bursitis. 
D)  epicondylitis.

Question 13

A 21-year-old female presents with low back pain and stiffness that is alleviated by physical activity. She was diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis. Which of the following joints would be most affected?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vertebral and sacroiliac 
B)  Carpal and pharyngeal 
C)  Shoulder and hip 
D)  All hinge joints 
A)  Vertebral and sacroiliac 
B)  Carpal and pharyngeal 
C)  Shoulder and hip 
D)  All hinge joints

Question 14

After the Boston Marathon, seven runners were admitted to local hospitals with suspected myoglobinuria (rhabdomyolysis). What is the most likely cause of myoglobinuria in these athletes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tendon injury 
B)  Undiagnosed hypertension 
C)  Excessive muscular activity 
D)  Undetected cardiac abnormalities 
A)  Tendon injury 
B)  Undiagnosed hypertension 
C)  Excessive muscular activity 
D)  Undetected cardiac abnormalities

Question 15

An 80-year-old male presents with skeletal pain and tenderness, especially in the hips. He is diagnosed with osteomalacia caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)  collagen breakdown in the bone matrix. 
B)  excessive bone resorption. 
C)  crowding of bone marrow by excessive bone growth. 
D)  inadequate bone mineralization. 
A)  collagen breakdown in the bone matrix. 
B)  excessive bone resorption. 
C)  crowding of bone marrow by excessive bone growth. 
D)  inadequate bone mineralization.

Question 16

The final stage of gout, characterized by crystalline deposits in cartilage, synovial membranes, and soft tissue, is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  monarticular arthritis. 
B)  tophaceous gout. 
C)  asymptomatic hyperuricemia. 
D)  complicated gout. 
A)  monarticular arthritis. 
B)  tophaceous gout. 
C)  asymptomatic hyperuricemia. 
D)  complicated gout.

Question 17

A 13-year-old female is admitted to the hospital for evaluation and treatment of an osteosarcoma in her left distal femur. Which statement best describes osteosarcoma?

Accepted Answer

A)  Myelogenic, develops in red bone marrow only 
B)  Benign, develops in spongy bone tissue 
C)  Collagenic, originates in the periosteum 
D)  Osteogenic, most often develops in the bone marrow 
A)  Myelogenic, develops in red bone marrow only 
B)  Benign, develops in spongy bone tissue 
C)  Collagenic, originates in the periosteum 
D)  Osteogenic, most often develops in the bone marrow

Question 18

A malignant tumor of skeletal muscle tissue origin is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  myofibrosarcoma. 
B)  giant cell tumor. 
C)  rhabdomyosarcoma. 
D)  rhabdomyoma. 
A)  myofibrosarcoma. 
B)  giant cell tumor. 
C)  rhabdomyosarcoma. 
D)  rhabdomyoma.

Question 19

A 46-year-old male presents with severe pain, redness, and tenderness in the right big toe. He was diagnosed with gouty arthritis. He is at risk for developing:

Accepted Answer

A)  cholelithiasis. 
B)  myocarditis. 
C)  renal disease. 
D)  liver failure. 
A)  cholelithiasis. 
B)  myocarditis. 
C)  renal disease. 
D)  liver failure.

Question 20

Which of the following hospital patients is at the highest risk for developing myoglobinuria (rhabdomyolysis)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Admitted to the hospital for hip surgery and has had problems with anesthesia in the past 
B)  Admitted to the hospital for exacerbation of left heart failure and takes diuretic medications 
C)  Admitted to the hospital for a bone marrow transplant to treat leukemia 
D)  Admitted to the hospital to deliver a preterm infant 
A)  Admitted to the hospital for hip surgery and has had problems with anesthesia in the past 
B)  Admitted to the hospital for exacerbation of left heart failure and takes diuretic medications 
C)  Admitted to the hospital for a bone marrow transplant to treat leukemia 
D)  Admitted to the hospital to deliver a preterm infant

Exam 37: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Transchondral fractures are most prevalent in:

A 51-year-old male experienced severe acute gouty arthritis. Which of the following is the most common trigger for the symptoms?

A 29-year-old male was recently diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis. He is interested in obtaining more information about his disease. Patient teaching would include all of the following statements except:

A 65-year-old Hispanic female is admitted to the hospital with a pathologic, compound, oblique fracture of the femur. Which of the following statements best describes this type of fracture?

A 35-year-old female suffers a broken clavicle following a motor vehicle accident. X-ray reveals that the bone surfaces in the joint partially lost contact with each other. This condition is called:

A 54-year-old female was recently diagnosed with degenerative joint disease. This condition causes:

A 70-year-old female presents with a hip fracture. She is diagnosed with osteoporosis. This condition is caused by an increase in bone:

A 54-year-old male was recently diagnosed with osteoarthritis. Which of the following symptoms is he most likely experiencing?

A 32-year-old male was injured in a motor vehicle accident and confined to bed for 3 weeks. During this time, the size and strength of muscle fibers decreased, a condition referred to as:

Myeloma is a cancer that originates in which bone marrow cell?

Researchers have now determined that rheumatoid arthritis:

A 36-year-old male complains of pain and weakness in the elbow. He reports that he is a warehouse worker and lifts boxes daily. MRI reveals inflammation of the tendon where it attaches to bone. This condition is called:

A 21-year-old female presents with low back pain and stiffness that is alleviated by physical activity. She was diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis. Which of the following joints would be most affected?

After the Boston Marathon, seven runners were admitted to local hospitals with suspected myoglobinuria (rhabdomyolysis). What is the most likely cause of myoglobinuria in these athletes?

An 80-year-old male presents with skeletal pain and tenderness, especially in the hips. He is diagnosed with osteomalacia caused by:

The final stage of gout, characterized by crystalline deposits in cartilage, synovial membranes, and soft tissue, is called:

A 13-year-old female is admitted to the hospital for evaluation and treatment of an osteosarcoma in her left distal femur. Which statement best describes osteosarcoma?

A malignant tumor of skeletal muscle tissue origin is called:

A 46-year-old male presents with severe pain, redness, and tenderness in the right big toe. He was diagnosed with gouty arthritis. He is at risk for developing:

Which of the following hospital patients is at the highest risk for developing myoglobinuria (rhabdomyolysis)?

Cellular Biology

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Innate Defenses: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Hypersensitivities, Infection, and Immune Deficiencies

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer and Tumor Spread

Cancer Epidemiology, Manifestations, and Treatment

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Concepts of Neurologic Dysfunction

Alterations of Neurologic Function

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Hematologic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems, Including Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

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