Question 1

Carbon dioxide is mainly transported in the blood:

Accepted Answer

A)  attached to oxygen. 
B)  dissolved in red blood cells. 
C)  combined with albumin. 
D)  in the form of bicarbonate. 
A)  attached to oxygen. 
B)  dissolved in red blood cells. 
C)  combined with albumin. 
D)  in the form of bicarbonate.

Question 2

The _____ is the maximum amount of gas that can be displaced (expired) from the lung.

Accepted Answer

A)  vital capacity 
B)  total lung capacity 
C)  functional capacity 
D)  residual volume 
A)  vital capacity 
B)  total lung capacity 
C)  functional capacity 
D)  residual volume

Question 3

Students in a histology class are assigned to identify regions of the lung. The slide shows a basement membrane, capillary lumen, and macrophages. They are looking at the:

Accepted Answer

A)  trachea. 
B)  bronchioles. 
C)  alveoli. 
D)  bronchus. 
A)  trachea. 
B)  bronchioles. 
C)  alveoli. 
D)  bronchus.

Question 4

If an individual with respiratory difficulty were retaining too much carbon dioxide, which of the following compensatory responses would be initiated?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increase in respiratory rate 
B)  Decrease in ventilation rate 
C)  Increase in tidal volume 
D)  Vasodilation of the pulmonary arterioles 
A)  Increase in respiratory rate 
B)  Decrease in ventilation rate 
C)  Increase in tidal volume 
D)  Vasodilation of the pulmonary arterioles

Question 5

The pleural membranes are examples of _____ membranes.

Accepted Answer

A)  mucous 
B)  serous 
C)  synovial 
D)  peritoneal 
A)  mucous 
B)  serous 
C)  synovial 
D)  peritoneal

Question 6

The lung receives parasympathetic innervation by the _____ nerve.

Accepted Answer

A)  vagus 
B)  phrenic 
C)  brachial 
D)  pectoral 
A)  vagus 
B)  phrenic 
C)  brachial 
D)  pectoral

Question 7

_____ are receptors in the lung that decrease ventilatory rate and volume when stimulated.

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbon dioxide receptors 
B)  Baroreceptors 
C)  Stretch receptors 
D)  Chemoreceptors 
A)  Carbon dioxide receptors 
B)  Baroreceptors 
C)  Stretch receptors 
D)  Chemoreceptors

Question 8

An 80-year-old male presents to his physician complaining of difficulty breathing. Pulmonary function tests reveal that he has increased residual volume. The most likely cause of this disorder is _____ in lung compliance.

Accepted Answer

A)  an increase 
B)  a decrease 
C)  no change 
D)  an absence 
A)  an increase 
B)  a decrease 
C)  no change 
D)  an absence

Question 9

Alveoli in the apexes of the lungs are _____ than alveoli in the bases.

Accepted Answer

A)  larger 
B)  more numerous 
C)  more compliant 
D)  better perfused 
A)  larger 
B)  more numerous 
C)  more compliant 
D)  better perfused

Question 10

A consequence of alveolar hypoxia is:

Accepted Answer

A)  reactive vasodilation. 
B)  local bronchoconstriction. 
C)  decreased respiratory rate. 
D)  pulmonary artery vasoconstriction. 
A)  reactive vasodilation. 
B)  local bronchoconstriction. 
C)  decreased respiratory rate. 
D)  pulmonary artery vasoconstriction.

Question 11

Determine the partial pressure of oxygen in the lung given the following conditions: Percentage of oxygen in air: 20
Barometric pressure: 700 mm Hg

Accepted Answer

A)  111 mm Hg 
B)  124 mm Hg 
C)  131 mm Hg 
D)  140 mm Hg 
A)  111 mm Hg 
B)  124 mm Hg 
C)  131 mm Hg 
D)  140 mm Hg

Question 12

At the base of the lungs:

Accepted Answer

A)  alveolar gas pressure exceeds arterial perfusion pressure. 
B)  arterial perfusion pressure and alveolar gas pressure are less than at the apex. 
C)  arterial perfusion pressure exceeds alveolar gas pressure. 
D)  arterial perfusion and alveolar gas pressure are equal. 
A)  alveolar gas pressure exceeds arterial perfusion pressure. 
B)  arterial perfusion pressure and alveolar gas pressure are less than at the apex. 
C)  arterial perfusion pressure exceeds alveolar gas pressure. 
D)  arterial perfusion and alveolar gas pressure are equal.

Question 13

Approximately 1000 ml (1 liter) of oxygen is transported to cells each minute. Most of the oxygen is transported:

Accepted Answer

A)  dissolved in the plasma. 
B)  bound to hemoglobin. 
C)  in the form of CO2. 
D)  as a free-floating molecule. 
A)  dissolved in the plasma. 
B)  bound to hemoglobin. 
C)  in the form of CO2. 
D)  as a free-floating molecule.

Exam 25: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Carbon dioxide is mainly transported in the blood:

The _____ is the maximum amount of gas that can be displaced (expired) from the lung.

Students in a histology class are assigned to identify regions of the lung. The slide shows a basement membrane, capillary lumen, and macrophages. They are looking at the:

If an individual with respiratory difficulty were retaining too much carbon dioxide, which of the following compensatory responses would be initiated?

The pleural membranes are examples of _____ membranes.

The lung receives parasympathetic innervation by the _____ nerve.

_____ are receptors in the lung that decrease ventilatory rate and volume when stimulated.

An 80-year-old male presents to his physician complaining of difficulty breathing. Pulmonary function tests reveal that he has increased residual volume. The most likely cause of this disorder is _____ in lung compliance.

Alveoli in the apexes of the lungs are _____ than alveoli in the bases.

A consequence of alveolar hypoxia is:

Determine the partial pressure of oxygen in the lung given the following conditions: Percentage of oxygen in air: 20 Barometric pressure: 700 mm Hg

At the base of the lungs:

Approximately 1000 ml (1 liter) of oxygen is transported to cells each minute. Most of the oxygen is transported:

Cellular Biology

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Innate Defenses: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Hypersensitivities, Infection, and Immune Deficiencies

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer and Tumor Spread

Cancer Epidemiology, Manifestations, and Treatment

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Concepts of Neurologic Dysfunction

Alterations of Neurologic Function

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Hematologic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems, Including Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

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