Question 1

-The diagram is a portion of the nephron. What does "D" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  proximal convoluted tubule 
B)  afferent arteriole 
C)  glomerulus 
D)  distal convoluted tubule 
E)  Bowman's capsule 
A)  proximal convoluted tubule 
B)  afferent arteriole 
C)  glomerulus 
D)  distal convoluted tubule 
E)  Bowman's capsule

Question 2

Glucose is usually completely reabsorbed from the filtrate by the time the filtrate has reached the

Accepted Answer

A)  tip of the loop of Henle. 
B)  end of the collecting duct. 
C)  end of the distal convoluted tubule. 
D)  end of the proximal convoluted tubule. 
E)  beginning of the proximal convoluted tubule. 
A)  tip of the loop of Henle. 
B)  end of the collecting duct. 
C)  end of the distal convoluted tubule. 
D)  end of the proximal convoluted tubule. 
E)  beginning of the proximal convoluted tubule.

Question 3

Match the hormone with its effect on blood pressure.
-ADH

Accepted Answer

A) ↑ BP 
B) ↓ BP 
A) ↑ BP 
B) ↓ BP

Question 4

Use the following key to choose the best answer.
-(1) ADH secretion when blood osmolality is low; (2) ADH secretion when blood osmolality is high

Accepted Answer

A) Choose this if the first item is greater than the second item. 
B) Choose this if the first item is less than the second item. 
C) Choose this if the first item is equal or nearly equal to the second item. 
A) Choose this if the first item is greater than the second item. 
B) Choose this if the first item is less than the second item. 
C) Choose this if the first item is equal or nearly equal to the second item.

Question 5

The active transport of substances into the filtrate is called tubular __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The active transport of substances into the...

Question 6

Which structure removes excess water and solutes from the kidney's medullary interstitial fluid?

Accepted Answer

A)  distal convoluted tubule 
B)  collecting duct 
C)  loop of Henle 
D)  vasa recta 
E)  proximal convoluted tubule 
A)  distal convoluted tubule 
B)  collecting duct 
C)  loop of Henle 
D)  vasa recta 
E)  proximal convoluted tubule

Question 7

The openings between the endothelial cells of the glomerular capillaries are called

Accepted Answer

A)  fenestrae. 
B)  gap junctions. 
C)  filtration slits. 
D)  macula densa. 
E)  membrane channels. 
A)  fenestrae. 
B)  gap junctions. 
C)  filtration slits. 
D)  macula densa. 
E)  membrane channels.

Question 8

Tubular secretion occurs in which of the following structures?

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerulus 
B)  urethra 
C)  renal pelvis 
D)  distal convoluted tubule 
E)  collecting duct 
A)  glomerulus 
B)  urethra 
C)  renal pelvis 
D)  distal convoluted tubule 
E)  collecting duct

Question 9

One feature of renal blood circulation that makes it unique is that

Accepted Answer

A)  there is a double set of venules. 
B)  blood flows from arterioles into venules. 
C)  blood flows from venules into arterioles. 
D)  each nephron has at least two capillary networks. 
E)  the nephron is only associated with the glomerulus. 
A)  there is a double set of venules. 
B)  blood flows from arterioles into venules. 
C)  blood flows from venules into arterioles. 
D)  each nephron has at least two capillary networks. 
E)  the nephron is only associated with the glomerulus.

Question 10

Which of the following layers of the filtration membrane is closest to the plasma?

Accepted Answer

A)  podocytes 
B)  macula densa 
C)  glomerular endothelium 
D)  the basement membrane 
E)  parietal layer of Bowman's capsule 
A)  podocytes 
B)  macula densa 
C)  glomerular endothelium 
D)  the basement membrane 
E)  parietal layer of Bowman's capsule

Question 11

Intense sympathetic stimulation of the kidney

Accepted Answer

A)  is necessary for normal kidney metabolism. 
B)  causes the release of epinephrine from the kidney. 
C)  decreases renal flow. 
D)  increases filtration rate. 
E)  does not alter filtration rate. 
A)  is necessary for normal kidney metabolism. 
B)  causes the release of epinephrine from the kidney. 
C)  decreases renal flow. 
D)  increases filtration rate. 
E)  does not alter filtration rate.

Question 12

Urine flows through the ureters to the bladder as the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  gravity. 
B)  a pressure gradient. 
C)  a concentration gradient. 
D)  peristaltic contractions. 
E)  osmotic gradient. 
A)  gravity. 
B)  a pressure gradient. 
C)  a concentration gradient. 
D)  peristaltic contractions. 
E)  osmotic gradient.

Question 13

Consumption of alcohol increases urine production by

Accepted Answer

A)  decreasing the blood pressure. 
B)  causing retention of sodium ions. 
C)  inhibiting the release of ADH from the posterior pituitary. 
D)  stimulating the release of aldosterone from the adrenals. 
E)  stimulating the release of ADH from the posterior pituitary. 
A)  decreasing the blood pressure. 
B)  causing retention of sodium ions. 
C)  inhibiting the release of ADH from the posterior pituitary. 
D)  stimulating the release of aldosterone from the adrenals. 
E)  stimulating the release of ADH from the posterior pituitary.

Question 14

Match the result with the correct part of urine formation.
-rids body of excess H+

Accepted Answer

A) filtration 
B) tubular reabsorption 
C) tubular secretion 
A) filtration 
B) tubular reabsorption 
C) tubular secretion

Question 15

The visceral layer of Bowman's capsule

Accepted Answer

A)  is part of the filtration membrane. 
B)  is called endothelium. 
C)  contains podocytes. 
D)  is part of the filtration membrane and is called endothelium. 
E)  is part of the filtration membrane and contains podocytes. 
A)  is part of the filtration membrane. 
B)  is called endothelium. 
C)  contains podocytes. 
D)  is part of the filtration membrane and is called endothelium. 
E)  is part of the filtration membrane and contains podocytes.

Question 16

-The diagram is a portion of the nephron. What does "B" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  proximal convoluted tubule 
B)  afferent arteriole 
C)  glomerulus 
D)  distal convoluted tubule 
E)  Bowman's capsule 
A)  proximal convoluted tubule 
B)  afferent arteriole 
C)  glomerulus 
D)  distal convoluted tubule 
E)  Bowman's capsule

Question 17

Match the term with the appropriate definition.
-reabsorption

Accepted Answer

A) amount of blood flowing through kidneys per minute 
B) amount of plasma filtered through filtration membrane 
C) movement of plasma across filtration membrane 
D) movement of substances from filtrate back into blood 
E) non-reabsorbed filtrate 
A) amount of blood flowing through kidneys per minute 
B) amount of plasma filtered through filtration membrane 
C) movement of plasma across filtration membrane 
D) movement of substances from filtrate back into blood 
E) non-reabsorbed filtrate

Question 18

-What does "D" on the diagram represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  ureters 
B)  urethra 
C)  right and left kidneys 
D)  adrenal glands 
E)  urinary bladder 
A)  ureters 
B)  urethra 
C)  right and left kidneys 
D)  adrenal glands 
E)  urinary bladder

Question 19

Which of the following functions would not be performed by the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)  urine storage 
B)  excretion of waste 
C)  maintenance of fluid balance 
D)  regulate synthesis of vitamin D 
E)  regulate synthesis of RBCs 
A)  urine storage 
B)  excretion of waste 
C)  maintenance of fluid balance 
D)  regulate synthesis of vitamin D 
E)  regulate synthesis of RBCs

Question 20

Match the hormone with the function.
-angiotensin II

Accepted Answer

A) increases water permeability in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts 
B) affects Na+ and Cl- transport in the nephron and collecting duct 
C) causes production of Angiotensin II 
D) acts as a vasoconstrictor and stimulates aldosterone secretion 
E) produced by heart, inhibits ADH production, reduces ability of the kidney to concentrate urine 
A) increases water permeability in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts 
B) affects Na+ and Cl- transport in the nephron and collecting duct 
C) causes production of Angiotensin II 
D) acts as a vasoconstrictor and stimulates aldosterone secretion 
E) produced by heart, inhibits ADH production, reduces ability of the kidney to concentrate urine

Exam 26: Urinary System

-The diagram is a portion of the nephron. What does "D" represent?

Glucose is usually completely reabsorbed from the filtrate by the time the filtrate has reached the

Match the hormone with its effect on blood pressure. -ADH

Use the following key to choose the best answer. -(1) ADH secretion when blood osmolality is low; (2) ADH secretion when blood osmolality is high

The active transport of substances into the filtrate is called tubular __________.

Which structure removes excess water and solutes from the kidney's medullary interstitial fluid?

The openings between the endothelial cells of the glomerular capillaries are called

Tubular secretion occurs in which of the following structures?

One feature of renal blood circulation that makes it unique is that

Which of the following layers of the filtration membrane is closest to the plasma?

Intense sympathetic stimulation of the kidney

Urine flows through the ureters to the bladder as the result of

Consumption of alcohol increases urine production by

Match the result with the correct part of urine formation. -rids body of excess H+

The visceral layer of Bowman's capsule

-The diagram is a portion of the nephron. What does "B" represent?

Match the term with the appropriate definition. -reabsorption

-What does "D" on the diagram represent?

Which of the following functions would not be performed by the kidney?

Match the hormone with the function. -angiotensin II

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Water, Electrolytes, and Acidbase Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

Filters

Match the result with the correct part of urine formation. -rids body of excess H⁺