Question 1

The collecting duct becomes more permeable to water when

Accepted Answer

A)  colloid osmotic pressure increases. 
B)  ADH production increases. 
C)  plasma osmolality decreases. 
D)  aldosterone production decreases. 
E)  ADH production decreases. 
A)  colloid osmotic pressure increases. 
B)  ADH production increases. 
C)  plasma osmolality decreases. 
D)  aldosterone production decreases. 
E)  ADH production decreases.

Question 2

Match the hormone with its effect on blood pressure.
-renin

Accepted Answer

A) ↑ BP 
B) ↓ BP 
A) ↑ BP 
B) ↓ BP

Question 3

-The diagram is a portion of the nephron. What does "E" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  proximal convoluted tubule 
B)  afferent arteriole 
C)  glomerulus 
D)  distal convoluted tubule 
E)  Bowman's capsule 
A)  proximal convoluted tubule 
B)  afferent arteriole 
C)  glomerulus 
D)  distal convoluted tubule 
E)  Bowman's capsule

Question 4

Which of the following events would increase filtration pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  increase in capsular pressure 
B)  constriction of the efferent arteriole 
C)  increase in colloid osmotic pressure 
D)  decrease in renal blood flow 
E)  dilation of the efferent arteriole 
A)  increase in capsular pressure 
B)  constriction of the efferent arteriole 
C)  increase in colloid osmotic pressure 
D)  decrease in renal blood flow 
E)  dilation of the efferent arteriole

Question 5

As ADH production declines,

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerular filtration increases. 
B)  potassium reabsorption increases. 
C)  reabsorption of water increases. 
D)  the urine volume increases. 
E)  the blood volume increases. 
A)  glomerular filtration increases. 
B)  potassium reabsorption increases. 
C)  reabsorption of water increases. 
D)  the urine volume increases. 
E)  the blood volume increases.

Question 6

The permeability of the distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts to water is controlled primary through the action of __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The permeability of the distal convoluted tubule...

Question 7

Match the hormone with its effect on blood pressure.
-angiotensin II

Accepted Answer

A) ↑ BP 
B) ↓ BP 
A) ↑ BP 
B) ↓ BP

Question 8

Urine is carried from the kidneys to the urinary bladder by the

Accepted Answer

A)  urethra. 
B)  ureter. 
C)  calyces. 
D)  renal columns. 
E)  renal tubules. 
A)  urethra. 
B)  ureter. 
C)  calyces. 
D)  renal columns. 
E)  renal tubules.

Question 9

Match the structure with the appropriate description.
-renal fascia

Accepted Answer

A) cone-shaped structure in medulla of kidney 
B) anchors kidneys to abdominal wall 
C) cortical tissue between renal pyramids 
D) tube that opens into renal pelvis 
E) point where renal artery enters kidney 
A) cone-shaped structure in medulla of kidney 
B) anchors kidneys to abdominal wall 
C) cortical tissue between renal pyramids 
D) tube that opens into renal pelvis 
E) point where renal artery enters kidney

Question 10

What is/are the main excretory organ/s of the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  skin 
B)  lungs 
C)  intestines 
D)  kidneys 
A)  skin 
B)  lungs 
C)  intestines 
D)  kidneys

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most filtrate (99%) is eliminated as urine. 
B)  Normal filtrate contains a large amount of protein. 
C)  Reabsorption of water in the filtrate may be hormonally controlled. 
D)  Sodium ions are secreted into the filtrate of the proximal convoluted tubule. 
E)  Hormones play a minor role in fluid homeostasis. 
A)  Most filtrate (99%) is eliminated as urine. 
B)  Normal filtrate contains a large amount of protein. 
C)  Reabsorption of water in the filtrate may be hormonally controlled. 
D)  Sodium ions are secreted into the filtrate of the proximal convoluted tubule. 
E)  Hormones play a minor role in fluid homeostasis.

Question 12

The portion of the kidney that is composed of cone-shaped renal pyramids is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  cortex. 
B)  medulla. 
C)  pelvis. 
D)  calyx. 
E)  columns. 
A)  cortex. 
B)  medulla. 
C)  pelvis. 
D)  calyx. 
E)  columns.

Question 13

Decreased blood pressure in the afferent arterioles stimulates an increase in the rate of __________ secretion.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Decreased blood pressure in the afferent arterioles...

Question 14

Match the structure with the appropriate description.
-Bowman's capsule

Accepted Answer

A) supplies blood to the glomerulus 
B) enlarged proximal end of nephron 
C) gaps between the podocyte processes 
D) plexus of capillaries around tubules 
E) arteries that arch over bases of the pyramids 
A) supplies blood to the glomerulus 
B) enlarged proximal end of nephron 
C) gaps between the podocyte processes 
D) plexus of capillaries around tubules 
E) arteries that arch over bases of the pyramids

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT an action of angiotensin II?

Accepted Answer

A)  vasoconstriction of arterioles 
B)  increases thirst 
C)  increases ADH secretion 
D)  decreases peripheral resistance 
E)  increases aldosterone secretion 
A)  vasoconstriction of arterioles 
B)  increases thirst 
C)  increases ADH secretion 
D)  decreases peripheral resistance 
E)  increases aldosterone secretion

Question 16

ADH increases the permeability of the distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts by

Accepted Answer

A)  incorporating aquaporin-3 channels into the apical membrane. 
B)  increasing the number of sodium transpot proteins in the membranes. 
C)  incorporating aquaporin-2 channels into the apical membrane. 
D)  decreasing the number of aquaporin-4 channels in the apical membrane. 
A)  incorporating aquaporin-3 channels into the apical membrane. 
B)  increasing the number of sodium transpot proteins in the membranes. 
C)  incorporating aquaporin-2 channels into the apical membrane. 
D)  decreasing the number of aquaporin-4 channels in the apical membrane.

Question 17

Match the organ with the appropriate function.
-nephron

Accepted Answer

A) stores urine until voiding 
B) transports urine from kidney to urinary bladder 
C) organ that forms urine 
D) transports urine from bladder to outside of body 
E) basic functional unit of the kidney 
A) stores urine until voiding 
B) transports urine from kidney to urinary bladder 
C) organ that forms urine 
D) transports urine from bladder to outside of body 
E) basic functional unit of the kidney

Question 18

Removal of the posterior pituitary will immediately cause

Accepted Answer

A)  a decrease in urine volume. 
B)  an increase in urine volume. 
C)  no change in urine volume. 
A)  a decrease in urine volume. 
B)  an increase in urine volume. 
C)  no change in urine volume.

Question 19

Most water is reabsorbed from the filtrate in the

Accepted Answer

A)  proximal convoluted tubule. 
B)  descending loop of Henle. 
C)  ascending loop of Henle. 
D)  distal convolute tubule. 
E)  collecting duct. 
A)  proximal convoluted tubule. 
B)  descending loop of Henle. 
C)  ascending loop of Henle. 
D)  distal convolute tubule. 
E)  collecting duct.

Question 20

Atrial natriuretic hormone

Accepted Answer

A)  promotes the secretion of ADH. 
B)  is secreted by the posterior pituitary. 
C)  causes the formation of concentrated urine. 
D)  is secreted when atrial blood pressure increases. 
E)  is secreted when atrial blood pressure decreases. 
A)  promotes the secretion of ADH. 
B)  is secreted by the posterior pituitary. 
C)  causes the formation of concentrated urine. 
D)  is secreted when atrial blood pressure increases. 
E)  is secreted when atrial blood pressure decreases.

Exam 26: Urinary System

The collecting duct becomes more permeable to water when

Match the hormone with its effect on blood pressure. -renin

-The diagram is a portion of the nephron. What does "E" represent?

Which of the following events would increase filtration pressure?

As ADH production declines,

The permeability of the distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts to water is controlled primary through the action of __________.

Match the hormone with its effect on blood pressure. -angiotensin II

Urine is carried from the kidneys to the urinary bladder by the

Match the structure with the appropriate description. -renal fascia

What is/are the main excretory organ/s of the body?

Which of the following statements is true?

The portion of the kidney that is composed of cone-shaped renal pyramids is called the

Decreased blood pressure in the afferent arterioles stimulates an increase in the rate of __________ secretion.

Match the structure with the appropriate description. -Bowman's capsule

Which of the following is NOT an action of angiotensin II?

ADH increases the permeability of the distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts by

Match the organ with the appropriate function. -nephron

Removal of the posterior pituitary will immediately cause

Most water is reabsorbed from the filtrate in the

Atrial natriuretic hormone

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